新概念英語(yǔ) 第三冊(cè) 第14課.doc

Lesson14 A noble gangsterThere was a time when the owners of shop and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money to gangsters in return for protection If the money was not paid promptly, the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop. Obtaining protechon money is not a modern crime. As long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.Six hundred years ago, Sir John Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers and settled near Florence. He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto. Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes who were willing to pay the high price he demanded. In times of peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and, after burning down a few farms, would offer to go away if protection money was paid to them. Hawkwood made large sums of money in this way. In spite of this, the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero. When he died at the age of eighty, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a picture painted which was dedicated to the memory of the most valiant soldier and most notable leader, Signor Giovanni Haukodue. 1. How did Hawkwood make money in times of peace In times of peace 在和平時(shí)期2. If the money not paid promptly , the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop.如果交款不及時(shí)，歹徒們就會(huì)很快搗毀他的商店，讓他破產(chǎn) promptly 立即的，及時(shí)的（正式）speedily 迅速的 swiftly 迅速的 directly 立刻的simultaneous samltenis 同時(shí)的 simultaneous interpretation 同聲傳譯 pickpocket 扒手 burglar 入室盜竊犯 highwayman 車匪路霸 smuggle sth 走私 pirate sth 盜版 traffic drugs 販毒 put sb out of business 使某人破產(chǎn) sb go bankruptcy bkrptsi 破產(chǎn)ones business collapse/land on rocks/goes to the dogs/fails 破產(chǎn)3. As long ago as the fourteenth century ,an Englishman made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.早在十四世紀(jì)，英國(guó)人就有過(guò)非凡的發(fā)現(xiàn)：人們情愿拿出大筆的錢也不愿畢生的心血?dú)в诖跬街帧?as long ago as 表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，可譯為“早在，追溯到”as long as 譯為“只要，長(zhǎng)達(dá)之久” 英語(yǔ)中同級(jí)比較短語(yǔ)as.as均有此意He earns 4000 a monthHe earns as much as 4000 a month.他每月的工資多達(dá)4000元。 remarkable adj. 異常的;卓越的;顯著的;非凡的 life work 畢生的事業(yè) large sums of 大量的 would ratherthan 寧愿而不是 would rather 還可引導(dǎo)虛擬語(yǔ)氣舉行 與would as soon ，would prefer ，would sooner用法相同，結(jié)構(gòu)為would rather sb did/had done. 表示“希望”或“委婉的責(zé)備”. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)指當(dāng)時(shí)或?qū)?lái)的情況，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)指過(guò)去的情況。 I would rather you went abroad. 我寧愿你出國(guó)。4. He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto. make a name for oneself 出名 make ones mark in sth. 出人頭地rise in the world 飛黃騰達(dá) make a noise in the world 名噪一時(shí) set the world on fire 大出風(fēng)頭 hit the headline 占據(jù)頭條 come to 后接名詞、數(shù)詞、代詞或不接任何詞1) 談到，涉及到When it comes to physics, he is a complete stranger. 談到物理他完全是個(gè)外行。2) 表示“合計(jì)，總共”，同amount to.How much does the bill come to？帳單上共多少錢？3) 表示“開(kāi)始被所認(rèn)識(shí)，被所記起。”突然想起（無(wú)被動(dòng)式)In a flash, the truth came to him. 突然間，他明白了真相。4) 發(fā)生(在某人身上), 降臨于(某人)Happiness will come to you as long as you are after it. 只要你追尋它幸福會(huì)降臨于你。5) 恢復(fù)知覺(jué)，蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)After three hours in the hospital bed, he began to come to. 躺在醫(yī)院床上三個(gè)小時(shí)后, 他開(kāi)始蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)。6) Come to a conclusion/decision 作出結(jié)論，決定come to an agreement / understanding / terms. 達(dá)成一致，諒解，協(xié)議，或和解come to a(n). end 有結(jié)果( 結(jié)局、下場(chǎng))Those who has done evil things will come to no good end.做壞事的人不會(huì)有好下場(chǎng)。come to life 活躍起來(lái) come to light 被發(fā)現(xiàn), 被大家知道come to nothing / no good 沒(méi)有結(jié)果/成就 come to oneself 恢復(fù)知覺(jué), 恢復(fù)正常come to sb.s attention / notice 受到某人注意come to the point 談?wù)}, 談主要問(wèn)題 be known as 被稱為 be fashioned after 根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)5. In spite of this ,the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero. In spite of 盡管，不管 a sort of 一種6. When he died at the age of eighty , the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a picture painted which was dedicated to the money of “the most valiant solder and most notable leader.” 他80歲那年死去時(shí),佛羅倫薩