八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)第五單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理.doc

八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)第五單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理一. 重要詞匯和句子1. 助動(dòng)詞 do 用于 條件狀語從句 或 答語中 起省略作用, 可使句子更簡(jiǎn)練. (1)- I think Im going to take the bus to the party . - If you do , youll be late . (2) - Do you like reading harry potter ? - No , I dont . But my sister does .2. have a good great wonderful time = have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得很高興 過得很愉快 I had a good great wonderful time in the park yesterday .=I had fun in the park yesterday . = I enjoyed myself in the park yesterday .3. let sb. sth. in 讓某人 某物進(jìn)來 Why not let him in ? Youd better open the windows and let some fresh air in .4. organize 動(dòng)詞, “ 組織, 安排, 籌備 ” They are going to organize a picnic .organization 名詞, “ 組織, 機(jī)構(gòu) ” She works for a voluntary organization helping homeless people . organizer 名詞, “ 組織者, 建立者 ” The organizers of the concert said they had a great success . 5. take away 拿走, 取走 take ( an active ) part in (積極) 參加 take off 起飛, 脫下 take to 把.帶到 take turns to do sth 輪流做某事 take a look ( at ) 看一看 take exercise 做運(yùn)動(dòng) take notes 做筆記 take a rest 休息 take ones temperature 量體溫take it easy 別著急, 別緊張 take over 接管 6. a good time to do sth 做某事的好時(shí)間 March is a good time to plant trees . Autumn is a good time to travel .7. remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人做某事 If I forget , please remind me to write to my mother .8. around the world = all over the world 在世界各地 全世界 Football is very popular around the world all over the world . His dream is to travel around china .9. make a living = for a living 謀生 In this city he drives a taxi to make a living for a living.What does your father do to make a living for a living ? make a living ( by ) doing sth . 以做某事謀生 The old man makes a living (by) hunting .10. 提建議的句子 Why not do sth ? 為什么不做某事 ? Why dont you do sth ? 為什么不做某事 ? What about how about doing ? 做某事怎么樣? Would you like to do sth ? 你想 愿意做某事嗎? Shall we do sth ? 我們?nèi)プ瞿呈? 好嗎? Lets do sth , shall we ? 讓我們做某事, 好嗎? Do you want to do sth ? 你想去做某事嗎?11. seem like sth 看起來像 It seems like years since I last saw you .自從我上次見到你以后, 好象是過了好幾年. Those cards seemed like many little flags .那些卡片看起來好象許多小旗子。 Seem like doing sth . 看起來像做某事 He seemed like forgetting what had happened .12. chance 名詞, “ 機(jī)會(huì), 機(jī)遇 ” We have get a good chance of winning the match . There is little chance of meeting him again . by chance = by accident 偶然地 We met him by chance yesterday . take a chance on sth . 在上冒險(xiǎn) you shouldnt take a chance on that .13. all the time 總是, 一直 They are singing the same song all the time . You can hear them talking and laughing all the time . He stayed at home all the time last night 其它短語: in time 及時(shí) on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí) at times 有時(shí) at that time 在那時(shí) at the same time 同時(shí) once upon a time 從前 as time goes on 隨著時(shí)間地推移 take ones time 不著急 watch ones time 等待時(shí)機(jī)14. have a difficult time ( in ) doing sth. 難于做某事, 做某事有困難 = have problems ( in) doing sth. = have trouble ( in ) doing sth. We have a difficult time working out the problem . They have some problems getting to the top of the mountain .15. against 介詞, “ 反對(duì), 不同意, 抵抗, 對(duì)抗, 對(duì)不利 ” 反意詞 for, “ 贊成 ” There were 20 votes (票) for him and 12 against him . They sailed against the wind .他們頂風(fēng)航行. You need to wear a coat against the cold .你需要穿上外套防寒. He is standing against the wall . 他靠墻站著.He hit against a tree . 他撞到了樹上. We are going to play a basketball match against Class Two on Sunday .16. forget 忘記 forget sth 忘記某物 forget to do sth 忘記去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘記做了某事 leave sth somewhere 把某物忘在某處 I forgot to turn off the light when I left. I forgot telling him the message and told him again . - Did you forget your homework ? - Yes, I left it at home .17. in class 在課堂上, 上課時(shí) in the class 在班上, 在班里 We must listen to the teachers carefully in class . They can do some activities in class .There are 45 students in the class .18. too much 太多 代替或修飾不可數(shù)名詞, 或修飾動(dòng)詞 much many 太多 代替或修飾可數(shù)名詞 much too 太, 非常 后接形容詞或副詞 He says too much but does little . there is too much rain in summer . I have too many rules at home . He has drunk too much and drives much too fast .19. exercise (1) 不可數(shù)名詞, “ 鍛煉, 練習(xí) ” A lot of exercise is good for your health . You need to do more exercise to keep health . (2 ) 可數(shù)名詞 , “ 體操, 運(yùn)動(dòng) ” We do morning exercises ( 早操 ) every day . Eye exercises ( 眼保操 ) are important to students . (3 ) 動(dòng)詞 , “ 鍛煉 ” how often do you exercise ?20. can be able to (1) can 沒有人稱的變化, 但有現(xiàn)在時(shí)can 和過去時(shí) could 兩種時(shí)態(tài)(2) be able to 有人稱的變化, 也有現(xiàn)在時(shí) amisare able to, 過去時(shí) waswere able to 和一般將來時(shí) will be able to 的變化.21. make ( a lot of ) money 掙(許多) 錢22. get a (good ) education 接受 (良好)教育二. if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句. (一) if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句與主句時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng). 1. 如果主句是一般將來時(shí), 從句要用 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 代替 一般將來時(shí). (1) 從句是肯定句, 主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí), 行為動(dòng)詞后面要加s es . 否則, 動(dòng)詞用原形. (2) 從句是否定句, 主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí), 用doesnt + 行為動(dòng)詞原形. 否則, 用 dont + 行為動(dòng)詞用原形 .Well have a picnic if it doesnt rain tomorrow .If it rains , I will stay at home .Ill go with you if you dont want to go alone .If we have the party today , half the class wont come . 2. 如果主句含有must , may , can 等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞, 從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).If you drive too fast , you may have an accident .You must stop if the traffic light is red .3. 如果主句是祈使句, 從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí). Be careful with your homework if you dont want to make mistakes .(二 ) if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句 與 if引導(dǎo)賓語從句 時(shí)的區(qū)別 . 1. if引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí), 表示 “ 是否, 時(shí)不是 ” . 位于及物動(dòng)詞之后.if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句時(shí), 表示 “ 假如, 如果 ” , 位于句首或句末 I dont know if he will come tomorrow . if he comes , Ill call you . 2. 在if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中, 如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí), 賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)需要確定; 如果主句是一般過去時(shí), 賓語從句也要用過去的時(shí)態(tài). 而在if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中, 要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).I dont know if it will rain tomorrow .He asked if I could help him .I can help you if I am free (三) if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句 練習(xí)題選擇題1. -I hear Anna will give up learning the piano .- If she _ , her parents will be mad at her . A. will B. does C. do D. is2. I hear Jack Chan will come to Laiwu next week . -Really ? _ he comes , my younger sister will be very happy . A. if B. until C. unless D. before3. I bet Mr black will come to help us if he _ too busy tomorrow . A. is B. will be C. wont be D. isnt選詞填空 1. What _ ( will would ) happen if they miss the bus