賓語從句 (2).doc

一、直接引語變間接引語1.人稱的變化：一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新。1). “一隨主”指若直接引語中的主語為第一人稱時(shí),變間接引語時(shí)應(yīng)與主句的主語人稱一致.She said “I like playing basketball”. She said that _ _ playing basketball .2). “二隨賓”指若直接賓語中的主語為第二人稱時(shí),變間接賓語時(shí)應(yīng)與主句的賓語人稱一致.She asked Tom “Can I have a look at your picture”. She asked Tom if _ could have a look at _ picture .3). “第三人稱不更新”指若直接賓語中的主語為第三人稱時(shí),變間接賓語時(shí)人稱保持不變.She said to me “They want to help me”. She told me that _ _ to help me .2.指示代詞，時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)狀語的變化直接引語 間接引語指示代詞 this thatthat those時(shí)間狀語 now thentoday that daythis morning that morning three days ago three days beforeLast week the week beforetomorrow the next /following daynext year the next year地點(diǎn)狀語 here there動(dòng)詞 come go二. 賓語從句的考查賓語從句在句中作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語，或介詞的賓語，或形容詞的賓語。1.考查賓語從句的語序： 賓語從句的語序用陳述句語序。即 “主語+謂語+Do you know when _? A.does the next train leave B.the next train leaves 注：若從句是疑問句，但語序不變的有：1).who在從句中作主語。Can you tell me _?(誰將來這兒)2).whats wrong / the matter ? He asked what was the matter with me .3).what happened I dont know what happened yesterday .4).which is the way to .? Can you tell me which is the way to the park ?2.考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞1).若賓語從句時(shí)陳述句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用that 且that 可省掉。She said “Im gald to see you” = She said _ _ _ gald to see me .2).賓語從句時(shí)一般疑問句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用if 或whether . 一般情況下if /whether 可互換，但后有or not / or 、動(dòng)詞不定式或介詞的后面時(shí)，只能用whether . Im thinking about _ to go there . A.if B.whether C.that 3).賓語從句時(shí)特殊疑問句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用特殊疑問詞。Do you know _? Im not sure ,Maybe he is a businessman .A.who he is B.who is he C.what he does D.what does he do 4).若賓語從句時(shí)肯定祈使句時(shí)，就改為ask /tell sb to do sth .若為否定祈使句，就改為ask /tell sb not to sth .“Dont open the door” The teacher said . = The teacher told me _ _ _ the door .3.賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)1. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句該用什麼時(shí)態(tài)就用什麼時(shí)態(tài)。Can you tell me _? He is a doctor . A.what is he B.what he was C.what he is D.what was he 2. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)He asked _.A.what time it is B.what time is it C.what time it was D.what time was it He told me that he _ for the sports meet. A.is preparing B.was preparing C.will prepare D.has prepared 注：1) 如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時(shí)態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Our teacher said that January_ the first month of the year. /Our teacher said that the earth _(go) around the sun.2).若主句為could you .?表示請(qǐng)求客氣的語氣，從句的時(shí)態(tài)仍然不變。Could you tell me _?A.what he was doing B.what was he doing C.what he is doing D.what is he doing 5.賓語從句的簡(jiǎn)化：1).賓語從句是陳述句時(shí)，且主、從句的主語一致，可簡(jiǎn)化為“動(dòng)詞+ to do sth”.I hope I can meet you again ./I hope _ _ you again