Boo7Unit4學(xué)案.doc

Book 7 Unit 4 SharingI. Important sentences:1. Science is my most challenging subject as my students have no concept of doing experiments.2. The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling over everywhere.3. Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students, most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.4. To be honest, I doubt whether Im making any difference to these boys lives at all.5. We walked for two and a half hours to get there first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views.6. Tombers father, Mukap, led us to his house, a low bamboo hut with grass sticking out of the roof- this shows its a mans house.7. I loved listening to the family softly talking to each other in their language.8. It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombes family.II. Language points:hear from .收到的信, 相當(dāng)于receive a letter from . eg. They will be delighted to hear from you. 與hear相關(guān)短語(yǔ)：hear of sb/sth 聽(tīng)人說(shuō)起過(guò)某人或某物hear about 聽(tīng)到關(guān)于be dying to do 迫切希望做某事be dying for sth 渴望得到某物eg. After a long dry season the trees are dying for water.類似表達(dá)：long/be eager/be anxious to dolong/be eager/be anxious/be thirsty for sth由動(dòng)詞die構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：die of/from 因而死die adeath 死得die out (動(dòng).植物)滅絕;(風(fēng)俗,習(xí)慣等)消失die off (家庭,種族等)相繼死亡die away (聲音,光線)逐漸平息,減弱die down (火,興奮)漸弱,漸息picture n. 圖畫(huà), 照片, 畫(huà)面vt. 描繪, 想象eg. She often pictures herself as a famous writer. 她常常想象自己是個(gè)名作家。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換 (由名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為動(dòng)詞, 或由動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞, 或由形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為動(dòng)詞等) water n. 水v. 澆水hand n. 手v. 遞, 交head n. 頭v. 朝某方向前進(jìn)up to 多達(dá), 直到, 勝任, 由負(fù)責(zé)/決定be up to sth = be busy doing sth. 忙于, 從事its up to sb. to do sth. 由某人負(fù)責(zé)做某事for sure 肯定如此, 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)it /that. is for sure 那是肯定無(wú)疑的know sth. for sure 知道肯定無(wú)疑 eg. Soon he will turn to you for help and thats for sure.the other day=some days ago (與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用)adjust vt. & vi. 調(diào)整; 調(diào)節(jié); 適應(yīng); 整理; 調(diào)準(zhǔn)。adjust (oneself) to =adapt (oneself) to “適應(yīng)”adjust to doingeg. The body can quickly adjust itself to the changes of temperature. 身體能迅速自行調(diào)節(jié)以適應(yīng)氣溫的變化。區(qū)別adapt, adjust “適合、適應(yīng)”:1) adapt 指“修改或改變以適應(yīng)新條件” adapt (oneself) to eg. You should adapt yourself to the new environment. 你應(yīng)該適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。2) adjust 指“調(diào)整、調(diào)節(jié)”使之適應(yīng)eg. You cant see through the telescope until it is adjusted to your eyes. 你把望遠(yuǎn)鏡調(diào)節(jié)到適合你的目光之后, 你才看得見(jiàn)。participate vi 參與,參加participate in 參加participate in sth with sb 同某人參與某事類似短語(yǔ):take part in; join in sth ; join sb in (doing) sth eg. He didnt participate in the game.dry out (使)變干，干透dry up (使) 完全變干, (河流, 湖泊等)干涸；把弄干eg. The burning sun has dried up many rivers in this area recently.最近，火辣辣的太陽(yáng)把這個(gè)地區(qū)的許多河流都曬干了。My mouth always dries up when Im nervous.緊張的時(shí)候，我總是變得口干舌燥。otherwise (adv. conj.) “用別的方法,其他方面; 否則,不然 (or)”eg. He is slow, but otherwise he is a good worker.Seize the chance, otherwise (or) you will regret it.祈使句 , and (or ,otherwise ) + 簡(jiǎn)單句 (簡(jiǎn)單句常用將來(lái)時(shí))privilege n. 特權(quán)；特別優(yōu)待enjoy privileges 享受特權(quán)have the privilege of 有的特權(quán)in need 在危難中；在危急中in need of需要eg. Most of people were in great need. He was hurt, and in need of help.III. 復(fù)習(xí)限制性定語(yǔ)從句：概念: 修飾名詞或代詞的句子就叫做定語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞, 有兩種:關(guān)系代詞(relative pronoun) :who, whom, which, that, as 關(guān)系副詞(relative adverb): when, where, why被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞就叫先行詞，它一般是由名詞、代詞或句子充當(dāng)。定語(yǔ)從句一定要放在先行詞之后。定語(yǔ)從句可分為：限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。限制性定語(yǔ)從句是句中不可缺少的組成部分，主句和從句之間不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)引導(dǎo)詞：先行詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)一些關(guān)系代詞可以省略。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)主句先行詞的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明,沒(méi)有這種從句不影響主句意思完整, 一般用逗號(hào)把主句和從句分開(kāi)。引導(dǎo)詞：who, whom, whose, which, of which, when, where等，不用that, 關(guān)系詞不能省略注意事項(xiàng):1.從句的位置:先行詞之后2.翻譯方法: “的”3.構(gòu)成：先行詞 + 關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞）關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的用法:1. 作主語(yǔ) 不可省略指人時(shí)，用who, that指物時(shí)，用which, that 2. 作賓語(yǔ) 可以省略指人時(shí)，用whom, who, that 指物時(shí)，用which, that 3. 作介詞賓語(yǔ) 介詞后不可用who或that指人時(shí)，用whom指物時(shí)，用which 4. 作定語(yǔ)名詞指人時(shí)，用whosen.指物時(shí)，用whosen.注意一：指物時(shí)只用 that 的情況1. 先行詞是 all, little, few, much, some, any, no, none, every, anything, nothing, everything 等, 或被其修飾時(shí);2. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)以及the very, the few, the only, the last 等修飾時(shí);3. 先行詞既有人又有物時(shí);4. 主句以疑問(wèn)詞which 或 who開(kāi)頭時(shí);5. 關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)。注意二：關(guān)系代詞只用 which不用thatThis is the room in which Mr. White lives. 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)This is the room in which Mr. White lives. 在非限制定語(yǔ)從句中Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us. 在一個(gè)句子中有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，其中一個(gè)用that, 另一個(gè)宜用which.注意三：只用who 不用that1. 先行詞為one/ones/anyone/those, 指人時(shí)只用who2. 在there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中, 修飾主語(yǔ)的定從宜用who指人3. 當(dāng)先行詞有較長(zhǎng)的后置定語(yǔ)時(shí)4. 一個(gè)句子中帶有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句, 其中一個(gè)定從的關(guān)系代詞是that, 另一個(gè)宜用who難點(diǎn)一: whose (人 / 物) + n. 關(guān)系詞whose實(shí)際上是先行詞的所有格eg. The house is mine. The window of the house is broken.The house_is mine.whose window is brokenthe window of which is brokenof which the window is broken難點(diǎn)二: 定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致 one of the 名復(fù) + 定語(yǔ)從句 (謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)) the one of the 名復(fù) （謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)） the only one of + the 名復(fù) （謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)） only one of + the 名復(fù) （謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)）關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句的用法：固定搭配：the same as ; such as ; as / so as the same as 與原物同類的,the same that 與先行詞同樣的東西eg. This is the same pen as I bought yesterday. 這和我買的那支鋼筆一樣。This is the same pen that I bought yesterday. 這就是我買的那支鋼筆。關(guān)系副詞的用法：關(guān)系副詞指代成分可否省略When時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)否Where地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)否why原因狀語(yǔ)否注意：why只能引導(dǎo)“限定”；若要用于“非限定”中，則須用for which引導(dǎo)。注意一：關(guān)系副詞 = 介詞 whichI still remember the day when I came here. (when = on which ) This is the house where I lived last year. (where = in which )There are many reasons why people like traveling. (why = for which )注意二：關(guān)系副詞 / 關(guān)系代詞1) Ill never forget the days