小學(xué)英語畢業(yè)總復(fù)習知識點匯總.doc

小學(xué)英語畢業(yè)總復(fù)習知識點匯總 一：學(xué)生易錯詞匯1.a, an的選擇: 元音字母開頭的單詞用an，輔音字母開頭的單詞用a.2.am , is , are的選擇: 單數(shù)用is , 復(fù)數(shù)用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.3.have , has 的選擇: 表示某人有某物。單數(shù)用has , 復(fù)數(shù)用have. I ,you 用 have .4.there is, there are 的選擇:表示某地有某物，某人。單數(shù)用there is , 復(fù)數(shù)用there are.5.some, any 的選擇:肯定句用some, 疑問句和否定句用any.6.疑問詞的選擇:what (什么) who (誰) where (哪里) whose (誰的) why（為什么）when(什么時候）which（哪一個）how old (多大) how many （多少）how much（多少錢）二：形容詞比較級詳解當我們需要對事物作出比較時，需要用到比較級。比較級的句子結(jié)構(gòu)通常是：什么 + 動詞be (am , is , are ) + 形容詞比較級 + than（比）+ 什么 ,如：Im taller and heavier than you. （我比你更高和更重。）An elephant is bigger than a tiger. （一只大象比一只老虎更大。）形容詞的比較級是在形容詞的基礎(chǔ)上變化而來的，它的變化規(guī)則是： 一般的直接在詞尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , 以e結(jié)尾的，直接加r ，如 fine finer , 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，先改y為i再加er，如funny - funnier 雙寫最后的字母再加er，如big bigger, thin thinner ,hot hotter注意 比較的兩者應(yīng)該是互相對應(yīng)的可比較的東西。典型錯誤：My hair is longer than you.（我的頭發(fā)比你更長。）比較的兩者是我的頭發(fā)、你（整個人），那么比較的對象就沒有可比性。應(yīng)該改為：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.比較級專項練習: 一、從方框中選出合適的單詞完成句子 heavy tall long big(1) How is the Yellow River?(2) How is Mr Green? Hes 175cm.(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.(4)How is the fish? Its 2kg.二、根據(jù)句意寫出所缺的單詞(1) Im 12 years old. Youre 14. Im than you.(2) A rabbits tail is than a monkeys tail.(3) An elephant is than a pig.(4) A lake is than a sea.(5) A basketball is than a football.三、根據(jù)中文完成句子.(1) 我比我的弟弟大三歲. Im than my brother.(2) 這棵樹要比那棵樹高. This tree than that one.(3) 你比他矮四厘米. You are than he.(4) 誰比你重? than you？四、根據(jù)答句寫出問句(1) Im 160 cm.(2) Im 12 years old.(4) Amys hair is 30 cm long.三：動詞過去式詳解 動詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則有：、規(guī)則動詞一般直接在動詞的后面加ed：如worked , learned , cleaned , visited以e結(jié)尾的動詞直接加d：如lived , danced , used以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed（此類動詞較少）如study studied carry carried worry worried （注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬于此類） 雙寫最后一個字母（此類動詞較少）如stopped、不規(guī)則動詞（此類詞并無規(guī)則，須熟記）小學(xué)階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式：sing sang , eat ate ,see saw , have had , do did , go went , take took , buy bought , get got , read read ,fly flew , am/is was ,are were , say said , leave left , swim swam , tell told , draw drew , come came , lose lost , find found , drink drank , hurt hurt , feel felt四：動詞現(xiàn)在分詞詳解 動詞的ing形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則：一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating 以e 結(jié)尾的動詞，要先去e再加ing，如having , writing 雙寫最后一個字母的（此類動詞極少）有：running , swimming , sitting , getting五：人稱和數(shù)人稱代詞物主代詞主格賓格第一人稱單數(shù)I（我）memy（我的）復(fù)數(shù)we（我們）usour（我們的）第二人稱單數(shù)you（你）youyour（你的）復(fù)數(shù)you（你們）youyour（你們的）第三人稱單數(shù)he（他）himhis（他的）she（她）herher（她的）it（它）itits（它的）復(fù)數(shù)they（他們/她們/它們）themtheir（他們的/她們的/它們的）六：句型專項歸類1、肯定句：是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子，如：Im a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.2、否定句：含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子，如：Im not a student. She is not (isnt) a doctor.He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom.He will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didnt) watch TV yesterday evening.注意 小結(jié)：否定句主要是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上加上了否定詞 “not”。有動詞be的句子則“not”加在be后面，可縮寫成“isnt，arent”，但am not 一般都分開寫。沒有動詞be的句子則要先在主要動詞的前面加上一個助動詞（do，does，did），然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它們縮寫在一起如“dont , doesnt , didnt ）。這三個助動詞要根據(jù)人稱和時態(tài)來選擇，其中“does”只用于一般現(xiàn)在時主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況，而“did”只用于一般過去時，不論主語是什么人稱和數(shù)，都用“did” 。3、一般疑問句：是指詢問事實的句子，此類句子必須用“yes”，或“no”來回答。如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, Im not.Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there arent.Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we arent.)Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(wont).Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they arent.Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.注意 小結(jié)：一般疑問句是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上，把動詞be調(diào)到首位，其他照寫，末尾標點符號變成問號即可。沒有動詞be的句子則要在句首加上一個助動詞（do，does，did）再把緊跟在后面的動詞變回原形，末尾標點符號變成問號即可。這三個助動詞也要根據(jù)人稱和時態(tài)來選擇，其中“does”只用于一般現(xiàn)在時主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況，而“did”只用于一般過去時，不論主語是什么人稱和數(shù)，都用“did” 。一般疑問句有個重要的原則就是問和答要一致，即問句里的第一個單詞（助動詞）和簡略答句里的這個詞是一致的。4、特殊疑問句：以特殊疑問詞（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等）開頭引導(dǎo)的句子。此類句子應(yīng)該問什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”來回答。如：What is this? Its a computer.What does he do? Hes a doctor.Where are you going? Im going to Beijing.Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.Which season do you like best? Summer.When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.Whose skirt is this? Its Amys.Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees.How are you? Im fine. / Im happy.How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.其中how又可以和其他一些形容詞連用組成特殊疑問詞組用來提問，如： how many（多少(數(shù)量)）, how much（多少(錢)）, how tall（多高）, how long（多長）, how big（多大）, how heavy（多重）例句：How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.小結(jié)：how many 用來提問可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量，主要有以上三種句式搭配，How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + do you have? 你有多少？How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + can you see? 你能看見多少？How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there? 有多少？七：完全、縮略形式: Im=I am hes=he is shes=she is theyre=they areyoure=you are theres=there is theyre=they are cant=can not dont=do not doesnt=does not isnt=is not arent=are not lets=let us wont=will not Ill=I will wasnt=was not總結(jié)：通常情況下，m即am，s即is（但 lets=let us）， re即are ，nt即not（但cant=can not）八：與字母相關(guān)的題型 ( 注：五個元音字母是 Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu )一.將所給字母的大小寫寫在四線格上Hh Rr Xx Gg Mm Uu Zz Ff Qq Ii二.寫出下列字母的左鄰右舍。1.( ) Hh ( ) 2.( ) Bb ( ) 3.( ) Ll ( ) 4.( ) Rr ( ) 5.( ) Qq ( ) 6.( ) Ww ( )三.用小寫字母抄寫下列單