英語人教版八年級下冊現(xiàn)在完成 時態(tài)2.docx

現(xiàn)在完成時教學詳案Book：初二配套練習下B unit 8Teaching objects：初中二年級Teaching aims：1、現(xiàn)在完成時的概念、基本結(jié)構(gòu)、信號詞；2、動詞過去分詞變化規(guī)則；3、have been to和have gone to用法區(qū)別；4、for和since用法區(qū)別； 5、延續(xù)性動詞和非延續(xù)性動詞用法區(qū)別；Key points：1、 現(xiàn)在完成時的概念、基本結(jié)構(gòu)、信號詞；2、 for和since用法區(qū)別； 3、 延續(xù)性動詞和非延續(xù)性動詞用法區(qū)別；Difficulties：1、for和since用法區(qū)別； 2、延續(xù)性動詞和非延續(xù)性動詞用法區(qū)別；Teaching Contents：Step 1: Warm- up & Lead in通過話題travelling引出本堂課的語法點：現(xiàn)在完成時； 板書句子，為語法總結(jié)做鋪墊；T: Good afternoon, everyone.S: T: How are you today?Ss: T: Do you like travelling? Have you ever been to Disneyland? Ss: Yes./ No.T: I have a friend, he has gone to The Disneyland in Hong Kong.He has visited some places in Hong Kong.He has already taken many pictures here.He has already visited The Ocean Park.He has walked on The Avenue of stars. 通過以上句子，由教師引導學生進行句子分析，得出現(xiàn)在完成時的概念、結(jié)構(gòu)； 并總結(jié)現(xiàn)在完成時句型以及信號詞； He has eaten much delicious food there.But he has bought many presents for us. I havent seen him for a week. (板書)Step 2: Presentation將以上句子呈現(xiàn)進行分析：He has visited some places in Hong Kong.He has already visited The Ocean Park.He has eaten much delicious food there.I havent seen him for a week.T: 第一個句子，He has visited some places in Hong Kong.，他已經(jīng)游覽了香港的幾個地方，動作從過去就發(fā)生，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，對現(xiàn)在造成一定的影響，并且有可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去；同樣：He has eaten much delicious food there. 動作也是從過去就發(fā)生，對現(xiàn)在造成影響；那么在英語中，用來表示過去發(fā)生持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，對現(xiàn)在造成影響或后果的時態(tài)，用現(xiàn)在完成時。T：現(xiàn)在完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)是怎樣的呢？Ss:T: 肯定句：主語+have/has + V過分+其他 否定句怎么變呢？誰來幫我一下？Ss: （學生可能得出不正確的答案，教師糾正）T: 否定句： 主語+have/has not +V過分 +其他 一般疑問句：Have/has + 主語+ V過分 + 其他 回答：Yes,主語+have/has. No, 主語+ have/has not.T: 動詞過去分詞變化規(guī)則：在學生了解現(xiàn)在完成時基本用法之后，引入have been to 和 have gone to區(qū)別； 進入for 和since用法區(qū)別的講解； （同動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：直、去、雙、改+不規(guī)）T: 現(xiàn)在完成時的信號詞：Already, yet, ever, just, never 等；T：Can you guess, how long has he been there?Ss: T: He has gone to Hong Kong. But I have never been to Hong Kong before.have been to 表示說話人在現(xiàn)場，或者表示去了已歸；have gone to 表示說話人不在現(xiàn)場，或者去了未歸；那找兩個同學給我翻譯一下幾個句子：1、我去過昆明兩次； 2、他的奶奶已經(jīng)去北京了；T : He has been in Hong Kong for a week. 這個句子中，for 后面跟的是a week, 是一段時間，表示時間段；句子翻譯：他的奶奶已經(jīng)去北京有30年了；_同樣這個句子He has been in Hong Kong for a week.我們也可以說：He has been in Hong Kong since May 24th.Since后面跟的是5月24日，為時間點；表示點時間；.那么， 同學把這個句子用since改一下：His grandmother has been in Beijing for 30years._ 最后，這個句子He has been in Hong Kong for a week.還可以這樣說 He has been in Hong Kong since a week ago.通過句子引出瞬間動詞和延續(xù)性動詞的用法區(qū)別； 給出常見的瞬間動詞變延續(xù)性動詞； 也就是說：(許多情況下，我們都可以看作)Since+時間段+ago =for +時間段句型轉(zhuǎn)換：His grandmother has been in Beijing for 30 years. _T: 句子翻譯：(1)他的奶奶已經(jīng)死了； _His grandmother has died._(2)他的奶奶已經(jīng)死了有5年了；_His grandmother has died for 5 years. (誤)_ _His grandmother has been dead for 5 years. (正)_die 為瞬間動詞（非延續(xù)性動詞，瞬間就完成，不能持續(xù)下去），不能和since以及for連用； 必須轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動詞be dead才能和since以及for連用；常用的瞬間動詞變延續(xù)性動詞：come/arrive/reach/get to-be in go out-be out finish-be over open-be open die-be dead Buy-have Come back-be back Borrow- have/keepStep 3: Practice1、現(xiàn)在完成時練習單；2、讓學生做配套練習上相關(guān)習題；Step 4: C