新目標(biāo)英語八年級(jí)上冊(cè)第6單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié);

1、unit6 i m going to study computer science話題：談?wù)搶淼氖虑榕c規(guī)劃一 學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：1. 知識(shí)目標(biāo)語法 一般將來時(shí) 句型 a. what do you want to be when? 當(dāng)時(shí)你想成為什么？b. i want to be 我想成為c. how are you going to do? 你將如何做d. i am going to 我將要e. where are you going to 你將去哪兒?f. i am going to 我姜武g. when are you going to 你將何時(shí)?h. i am going to when 當(dāng)時(shí)

2、我將短語 grow up成長(zhǎng)；長(zhǎng)大 every day每天 be sure about對(duì)有把握 make sure確信；務(wù)必 sendto把送到 be able to能 the meaning of的意思 different kinds of不同種類的write down寫下；記下 have to do with關(guān)于；與有關(guān)系 take up開始做；學(xué)著做 hardly ever幾乎不；很少 tooto太而不能/太以至于不能be going to+動(dòng)詞原形 打算做某事 practice doing練習(xí)做某事 keep on doing sth.不斷地做某事 learn to do sth.學(xué)會(huì)

3、做某事 finish doing sth.做完某事 promise to do sth.許諾去做某事help sb. to do sth.幫助某人做某事 remember to do/doing sth.記住做某事 agree to do sth.同意做某事 love to do/doing sth.喜愛做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事 單詞二 情感目標(biāo)情感態(tài)度價(jià)值觀目標(biāo)： 每個(gè)人都有自己的夢(mèng)想和對(duì)未來的打算，對(duì)于將來想要從事的職業(yè)也充滿了憧憬。 人們以常談?wù)撍麄兊脑O(shè)想，因此，應(yīng)通過學(xué)習(xí)這單元的內(nèi)容來激發(fā)學(xué)生們的學(xué)習(xí)主動(dòng)性和學(xué)習(xí)興趣，使他們更加有理想，并為實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的理想而不斷努

4、力三 教學(xué)重難點(diǎn) 教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：1) 學(xué)習(xí)一般將來時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成方式。2) 學(xué)習(xí)本課時(shí)出現(xiàn)的重點(diǎn)句型，通過在不同情景下運(yùn)用來熟練運(yùn)用一般將來時(shí)態(tài)。 教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：用一般將來時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)自己未來的打算。 四 知識(shí)點(diǎn)一般將來時(shí)的句型1. 肯定句：主語+be going to+動(dòng)詞原形the workers are going to build a new school here next year.工人們明年將在這兒蓋一所新學(xué)校。2.否定句：主語+be not going to+動(dòng)詞原型+其他成份she is not going to come back this week.這一周她不回來了。i will not

5、 go shopping one hour later. 一小時(shí)之后我不會(huì)去購(gòu)物。3.疑問句 be+主語+going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成份are you going to be back in ten minutes? 十分鐘后你會(huì)回來嗎？4.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+be+主語+going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成份where are you going to go next week? 下星期你去哪?how many books are they going to get? 他們將有多少本書？will, be going to , be to, be about to的區(qū)別1. be go

6、ing to 表示將來。表示打算、準(zhǔn)備做的事或即將發(fā)生或肯定要發(fā)生的事look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看看這些黑云，將有一場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨。its going to be a fine day tomorrow.明天將會(huì)是個(gè)好天。it is going to rain. 要下雨了。2.“be to+動(dòng)詞原形”表示按計(jì)劃要發(fā)生的事或征求對(duì)方意見。這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示計(jì)劃中約定的或按職責(zé)、義務(wù)要求必須去做的事或即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。we are to have a meeting next saturday. 下個(gè)周日我們有個(gè)會(huì)。the bo

7、y is to go to school tomorrow. 這個(gè)男孩明天要去上學(xué)。are we to go on with this work? 我們繼續(xù)干嗎？the president is to visit china next week.總統(tǒng)下周來訪中國(guó)。3.“be about to+動(dòng)詞原形”表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，意為：很快，馬上。后面一般不跟時(shí)間狀語。這一結(jié)構(gòu)用于表示客觀就要發(fā)生的事，表示馬上就要發(fā)生。一般不再與時(shí)間狀語連用。dont go out. were about to have a meeting. 別出去了,我們很快就開會(huì)了。i was about to start wh

8、en it began to rain.我剛要出發(fā)就下起雨來了。he is about to leave for shenyang.他將要離開去沈陽。we are about to leave. 我們馬上就走。the film is about to begin. 電影馬上就要開始了。練習(xí)1im going to study english really hard(對(duì)畫線部分提問) _going to study english?2tony swims every day.(用tomorrow改寫) tony _swim tomorrow.3im going to qingdao this s

9、ummer holiday.(對(duì)畫線部分提問) _you _this summer holiday?4they are going to take guitar lessons.(改為否定句)they _take guitar lessons.5he is going to be a doctor when he grows up.(對(duì)畫線部分提問) _he _to be when he grows up?6the boys get much exercise every day.(改為同義句)the boys get_exercise every day.7jack is going to

10、work in london after he leaves school.(對(duì)畫線部分提問) _jack _to work after he leaves school?8his new years resolution is to make the soccer team(對(duì)畫線部分提問) _his new years resolution?9im going to make my new years resolutions next week.(改為一般疑問句) _to make your new years resolutions next week10mary is going to

11、 take acting lessons to be an artist.(對(duì)畫線部分提問) _mary going to be an artist?鞏固強(qiáng)化同步練習(xí)單項(xiàng)選擇( ) 1. there _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.a. will be going tob. will going to be c. is going to bed. will go to be( ) 2. charlie _ here next month.a. isnt workingb. doesnt working c. isnt going to workingd. wont

12、 work( ) 3. he _ very busy this week, he _ free next week.a. will be; isb. is; is c. will be; will be d. is; will be( ) 4. there _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.a. wasb. is going to have c. will haved. is going to be( ) 5. _ you _ free tomorrow? no. i _ free the day after tomorrow.a. ar

13、e; going to; will b. are; going to be; will c. are; going to; will be d. are; going to be; will be( ) 6. mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday. a. will gives b. will give c. givesd. give( ) 7. shall i buy a cup of tea for you? _. （不，不要。） a. no, you wont.b. no, you arent. c. no, please dont.

14、d. no, please.( ) 8. where is the morning paper? i _ if for you at once. a. get b. am getting c. to get d. will get( ) 9. _ a concert next saturday?a. there will be b. will there be c. there can be d. there are( ) 10. if they come, we _ a meeting. a. have b. will have c. had d. would have( ) 11. he

15、_ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.a. gives b. gave c. will giving d. is going to giving( ) 12. he _ to us as soon as he gets there. a. writes b. has written c. will write d. wrote( ) 13. he _ in three days. a. coming backb. came back c. will come back d. is going to coming back( ) 14. if it

16、 _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating.a. isnt rain b. wont rain c. doesnt rain d. doesnt fine( ) 15. will his parents go to see the terra cotta warriors tomorrow? no, _ （不去）. a. they wont. b. they wont. c. they arent. d. they dont.二適當(dāng)形式填空1. _ you _（be）here this saturday?no. i _（visit）my teacher.2. _ i

17、 _（get）you a copy of todays newspaper?thank you.3. i am afraid there _（be）a meeting this afternoon. i cant join you.4. mike _（believe, not）this until he _（see）it with his own eyes.5. most of us dont think their team _（win） doctor n.博士；醫(yī)生 v.篡改，偽造；用作名詞 (n.) he is a doctor of philosophy. 他是一位哲學(xué)博士。docto

18、r作“博士”解時(shí),表示大學(xué)里的最高學(xué)位。doctor作“醫(yī)生”解時(shí),指有行醫(yī)資格并從事醫(yī)療工作的人。說“去看病”用seeconsult a doctor,“請(qǐng)醫(yī)生”用send forcall in, get, fetch a doctor。army doctor 軍醫(yī) country doctor 鄉(xiāng)村醫(yī)生 eye doctor 眼科醫(yī)生call a doctor 請(qǐng)醫(yī)生 go to the doctor 去看醫(yī)生college n. 學(xué)院；大學(xué)；學(xué)校 college一般指綜合大學(xué)中的學(xué)院或高等?？茖W(xué)校,既可用作可數(shù)名詞,也可用作不可數(shù)名詞。在英式英語中, college可指規(guī)模較大的中學(xué),也

19、可指學(xué)院的建筑物或?qū)W院的全體師生。university指綜合性大學(xué),可授予各種學(xué)位.正如go to school一樣,上大學(xué)應(yīng)是go to college, college前不加定冠詞the;這孩子籌措了足夠上大學(xué)的錢。誤 the boy scared up enough money to go to the college.正 the boy scared up enough money to go to college.he is at law college. 他在法學(xué)院讀書。 education n. 教育；修養(yǎng)；教育學(xué)用作名詞 (n.) our education is overal

20、l. 我們的教育是全方位的。education主要指在學(xué)校里所受的正規(guī)的“教育”。用于技能方面時(shí),可表示“培養(yǎng),訓(xùn)練”,著重于經(jīng)過教導(dǎo)、學(xué)習(xí)所得到的知識(shí)與能力。有時(shí)還可表示“教養(yǎng),修養(yǎng)”。education一般用作不可數(shù)名詞。但表示一段或一種“教育”時(shí),其前可加不定冠詞; 在有形容詞修飾時(shí),則一定要加不定冠詞。get education 受教育 pay for education 交學(xué)費(fèi) elementary education 初等教育 free education 免費(fèi)教育12.send vt.發(fā)送；派遣；使處于.的狀態(tài)； vi.差遣；發(fā)出；傳送+to- she sent to say t

21、hat she was safe and well. 她送來消息說她安然無恙。+ n./pron. i couldnt come myself, so i sent my friend. 我本人來不了,所以派我的朋友來。+that-clause heaven send that well arrive safely! 愿上天保佑我們平安抵達(dá)!send sb sth = send sth to sb my sister sent me a parcel. 我姐姐給我寄來一個(gè)包裹。he sent books to me from beijing. 他從北京給我寄來了書。she sent her d

22、aughter to buy some milk. 她差女兒去買些牛奶。send away 遣走,解雇 send for 召喚,派人去叫; 派人去取 send off 為送行send up 發(fā)射 promise 許諾1. 承諾,諾言give me your promise that youll never be late again. 答應(yīng)我你絕不再遲到了。 2. 希望,前途the young man shows promise as a poet. 這位青年有成為詩(shī)人的希望。 vt. 1. 允諾,答應(yīng)he promised me the book. 他答應(yīng)給我這本書。 he promised

23、 to help us. 他答應(yīng)要幫助我們。 i cant give you the book; ive promised it to susan. 我不能把這本書給你;我已經(jīng)答應(yīng)給蘇珊了。 2. 給人以.的指望;有.的可能it promises to be fine tomorrow. 明天有希望是個(gè)好天氣。agree 同意agree vt. vi. 基本用法如下 1)單獨(dú)使用，表示同意、答應(yīng)等。如： i asked him to help me and he agreed. 我請(qǐng)求他幫忙，他答應(yīng)了。 2)跟介詞with連用. 表示同意；贊成；與一致；(氣候，食物)適合。 例如： i don

24、t quite agree with their methods(opinions, ideas). 3)跟介同to連用，表示同意；贊成(提議、安排、計(jì)劃等)。例如： i agree to the proposal(the plan). 我同意這個(gè)提議(計(jì)劃)。 4)與介詞on連用，表示對(duì)取得一致意見(主語往往是協(xié)商一件事的人們或單位，后面常接表示具體協(xié)議的文件、計(jì)劃、行動(dòng)等名詞)。例如： the date for the next meeting was agreed on. 下次會(huì)議的日期達(dá)成了一致的協(xié)議。 5)跟不定式作賓語，表示同意做某事。例如： he agreed to get so

25、meone to help us. 他同意找人來幫我們的忙。 6)跟從句，表示一致認(rèn)為、同意。例如： at last, the boss agreed that i should do the work. 最后，老板同意我來做這項(xiàng)工作。when,while 的區(qū)別1 when是at or during the time that, 既指時(shí)間點(diǎn)，也可指一段時(shí)間，while是during the time that，只指一段時(shí)間，因此when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中的動(dòng)詞可以是終止性動(dòng)詞，也可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，而while從句中的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 2 when 說明從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作可以是同時(shí)

26、，也可以是先后發(fā)生；while 則強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作在從句動(dòng)作的發(fā)生的過程中或主從句兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。 3 由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，主句用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，從句應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)；如果從句和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，兩句都用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)候，多用while引導(dǎo)，如： a. when the teacher came in, we were talking. 當(dāng)此句改變主從句的位置時(shí)，則為：while we were talking, the teacher came in. b. they were singing while we were dancing. 4 when和while 還可作并列連詞。wh

27、en表示“在那時(shí)”；while表示“而，卻”，表對(duì)照關(guān)系。a. the children were running to move the bag of rice when they heard the sound of a motor bike. 孩子們正要跑過去搬開那袋米，這時(shí)他們聽到了摩托車的聲音。 b. he is strong while his brother is weak. 他長(zhǎng)得很結(jié)實(shí)，而他弟弟卻很瘦弱。 everyday,every day的區(qū)別everyday形容詞，意思是“每天的，日常的”。例如：she changed from her everyday clothes

28、 into her sunday best.她把便服換成盛裝。its very important to remember some everyday english.記住一些日常英語是很重要的。every day在句中充當(dāng)狀語，起著副詞的作用。例如：party membership is growing every day.黨員的數(shù)量日漸增加。1、she goes to work（ every day everyday）.2、this is an（ every day everyday）dress.not everyone 并非所有人都，表示部分否定，英語中，not與both, all, e

29、veryone, everything, always,等連用的時(shí)候，無論放在前面還是后面，都表示部分否定。not every man will become a hero. 并非人人都能成為英雄。all my family dont smoke. 我的家人并非都不吸煙。 在英語中要表示全部否定，要用相應(yīng)的否定詞，neither 兩者都不，none 三者或以上都不， nobody/ no one 沒有人， nothing 沒有什么東西， not. any/ anybody/ anything 等。neither of the two friends wants to leave each ot

30、her, but they have to. 這兩個(gè)朋友都不想離開對(duì)方，但他們卻不得不分開。foreign adj.外來的；外國(guó)的；異質(zhì)的, 可做定語和表語，無比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)our foreign trade has expanded during recent years. 近年來我們的對(duì)外貿(mào)易有所增加。we oppose copying everything foreign. 我們反對(duì)樣樣照搬外國(guó)的。i cant understand what he says, he must be foreign. 我聽不懂他說的話,想必他是個(gè)外國(guó)人。foreign aid 外國(guó)的援助,外援 forei

31、gn body 異物 foreign friend 外國(guó)朋友foreign language 外語 foreign students 留學(xué)生 foreign trade 外貿(mào) foreign word 外來字三對(duì)外國(guó)夫婦住在三樓。誤 three couples of foreigners live on the third floor.正 three foreign couples live on the third floor.析 “三對(duì)外國(guó)夫婦”譯成three couples of foreigners不符合英語習(xí)慣說法,應(yīng)該改為 three foreign couples。“一對(duì)美國(guó)夫婦

32、”是an american couple,若寫成a couple of americans就可能是兩個(gè)美國(guó)人了。foreigner n. 外國(guó)人question n.問題；疑問 v.詢問；懷疑 question的基本意思是需要回答的“問題”,尤其指討論中的事物,需要決定的事物、查詢、事件等,即“議題,難題”,是可數(shù)名詞。that is a great international question of the day. 那是當(dāng)代的一個(gè)重大國(guó)際問題。its a difficult question to decide.這是個(gè)難以決定的問題。question可用作及物動(dòng)詞,也可用作不及物動(dòng)詞。用作

33、及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)接名詞、代詞或if/whether從句作賓語。question后常用介詞about或on來表示某方面的問題。what right have you to question us?你有什么權(quán)力盤問我們?i would never question his honesty.我絕不會(huì)懷疑他的誠(chéng)實(shí)。i question if you can do it.我對(duì)你能否做這件事表示懷疑。question, problem這兩個(gè)詞都有“問題”的意思。其區(qū)別是：question是一般的問題,較為常用,往往需要對(duì)方答復(fù); problem指要解答的、須解決的或供討論的問題,也可指難以處理的問題,還可指數(shù)學(xué)

34、習(xí)題。例如:the students asked a lot of questions.學(xué)生們問了許多問題。we cant go out in this weather; its out of the question.這樣的天氣我們不能出去,根本不要提出去的事吧。 discuss v.討論；論述；商量 discussion n. 討論discuss多用作及物動(dòng)詞,可接名詞、代詞、帶疑問詞的動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞或wh-從句作賓語。偶爾也可用作不及物動(dòng)詞。discuss sth with sb 和某人討論某事。we will discuss what to teach during the nex

35、t term. 我們將討論下學(xué)期教什么。they discussed selling the house. 他們商討賣房一事。you neednt discuss this matter with me.你不必和我討論這件事。he is discussing with his friends what they should do next. 他在和朋友們討論下一步該做什么。discuss the news 談?wù)撔侣?discuss the question 討論問題 discuss in groups 分組討論我們將很快討論這個(gè)問題。誤 we shall discuss about the

36、problem soon.正 we shall discuss the problem soon.析 discuss主要用作及物動(dòng)詞,無需搭用about, concerning等介詞。beginning n.開始；開端；起源beginning指時(shí)間或時(shí)期的開始時(shí),通常用作不可數(shù)名詞,前面有時(shí)用介詞,有時(shí)不用; 指事情的開始或開端時(shí),通常用作可數(shù)名詞,常用復(fù)數(shù)beginnings,前面可用介詞in。beginning可構(gòu)成介詞短語(如in the beginning后面不跟of, 相當(dāng)于 at first。)或短語介詞(如at the beginning of),前者一般用于時(shí)間,而后者則既可用

37、于時(shí)間,又可用于空間。 at the beginning和in the beginning用法一致，前者用得更多些，但說世界的開端時(shí)要用in。 at the beginning是“起初”,后來可能有變化，反義詞組是 at the end of 在.結(jié)束時(shí)that was the beginning of my troubles. 我的麻煩開始了。good beginning 良好的開端我已經(jīng)把這本書從頭到尾讀完了。誤 i have read the book from the beginning to the end.正 i have read the book from beginning

38、to end.析 from beginning to end是固定習(xí)語,表示“從頭至尾”, beginning和end之前不能加冠詞。improve vt.改善；改進(jìn)；提高 vi.變得更好；改進(jìn)improve的基本意思為“改善,提高”,可指健康狀況、環(huán)境、形勢(shì)等,也可指具體事物,還可間或指人。強(qiáng)調(diào)部分地或某種程度上對(duì)客體加以修補(bǔ)改正,以提高到較高水平或使其更受歡迎。本詞不用于壞的事物變好,也不用于變得十分完美,無以復(fù)加。improve用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)可接名詞或代詞作賓語,但不用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu); 用作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)主動(dòng)形式常含有被動(dòng)意義。improve后常接反身代詞表示“在知識(shí)或?qū)W問上有進(jìn)步”,其后常接

39、介詞in。i hope for the weather to improve soon. 我希望天氣會(huì)很快轉(zhuǎn)好。wine improves with age. 酒越陳越好。we would snatch at every chance to improve our work. 我們應(yīng)抓住每個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)來改進(jìn)我們的工作。improve in, improve onupon1.前者表示“本身在方面有改進(jìn)”,后者主要指“對(duì)加以改進(jìn)”。2.improve on多接實(shí)物名詞; 而improve in多接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。3.improve in多用進(jìn)行時(shí)或完成時(shí)態(tài),而improve on多用一般時(shí)態(tài)。he has

40、 much improved in health.他的健康狀況大有改善。i am able to improve on this plan.我能改進(jìn)這個(gè)計(jì)劃。improve image 提高形象 improve quality 提高質(zhì)量 improve scores 提高分?jǐn)?shù)我們希望改進(jìn)我們的工作。誤 we wish to improve our work better.正 we wish to improve our work.析 improve的意思是“改進(jìn),使更好(make better)”,已包含better之義,再加上個(gè)better,即屬贅余。weekly adj.每周的；一周一次的；周刊的 n.周刊；周報(bào) adv.每周；一周一次用作形容詞 (adj.)we should work out what our weekly costs are. 我們應(yīng)該算出我們每周的花費(fèi)。用作名詞 (n.)there is an interesting article in this weekly. 這期的周刊上有一篇有趣的文章。用作副詞 (adv.)we played chess two or three times weekly. 我們每周下兩三次棋。british