高中英語 Unit 1 Art Section Ⅲ Grammar- 虛擬語氣（1）教學(xué)案 新人教版選修6

1、Unit 1 Art Section Grammar- 虛擬語氣（1）語法圖解探究發(fā)現(xiàn)If I had enough money I would buy a new car.If Masaccio were alive, hewould be amazed at how artists paint today.If Petershould come to our school, hecould go to our art classes.If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meet would be put off.I wish I didnt go

2、 to school today.I wish Iwould take Miss Liang out to a superb restaurant for dinner.Id rather you hadnt given me the present.Who first suggested they visit art galleries?我的發(fā)現(xiàn)(1)在虛擬條件句中，謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)(be動(dòng)詞常用were)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況，主句謂語則用“would/should/could/might動(dòng)詞原形”表示。(如例句和)(2)在虛擬條件句中，謂語動(dòng)詞可用一般過去時(shí)/should動(dòng)詞原形/

3、were_to動(dòng)詞原形表示與將來事實(shí)可能不符的情況，主句則用“would/should/could/might動(dòng)詞原形”表示。(如例句和)(3)在wish后的賓語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況，用“would/could/might動(dòng)詞原形”表示與將來相反的情況，用過去完成時(shí)表示與過去事實(shí)相反的情況。(如例句和)(4)在would rather后的賓語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硐喾吹那闆r，用過去完成時(shí)表示與過去相反的情況。(如例句)(5)在表示建議、勸告、命令或要求等意思后的賓語從句、表語從句或同位語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞用“(should)動(dòng)詞原形”表示虛擬

4、語氣。(如例句)英語的動(dòng)詞一般有三種不同的語氣：陳述語氣、祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣表示說話人所說的不是事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、愿望、懷疑或推測，它主要用于if條件狀語從句，也可用于主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句等。一、虛擬語氣在條件句中的應(yīng)用1對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬對(duì)現(xiàn)在的情況進(jìn)行虛擬時(shí)，非真實(shí)條件狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)，主句謂語動(dòng)詞使用“should/would/could/might動(dòng)詞原形”的形式。We would go with you if we had time now.如果我們現(xiàn)在有時(shí)間，就和你一起去。If he were you, he should try his

5、 best to go to college.如果他是你，他會(huì)盡其所能去上大學(xué)。即時(shí)演練1用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(湖南高考改編)Sorry, I am too busy now. If I had (have) time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.If you were (be) a big boss, you could/might understand how hard a period I am in.2對(duì)將來情況的虛擬對(duì)將來的情況進(jìn)行虛擬時(shí)，非真實(shí)條件狀語從句用“should動(dòng)詞原形”，或“were to動(dòng)詞原形”，或“動(dòng)

6、詞過去式”的謂語動(dòng)詞形式，主句使用“should/would/could/might動(dòng)詞原形”的謂語動(dòng)詞形式。 If it should rain this afternoon, the basketball matchcould be put off.要是今天下午下雨，籃球比賽就延期舉行。If it were to be sunny tomorrow, we would go out for a picnic.如果明天天氣晴朗，我們會(huì)出去野餐。If he camehere tomorrow, he might get the chance.他若是明天能來，就能得到這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。即時(shí)演練2用所給詞

7、的適當(dāng)形式填空(安徽高考改編)Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she were_to (be) live there, she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.If it rained (rain) tomorrow, we wouldnt go hiking.Why do we get up so early?If we should_miss (miss) the flight we would have to stay here for an

8、other day.3虛擬語氣的省略從句中有should, were 等助動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可以把if省略，并將助動(dòng)詞提至句首，從而構(gòu)成部分倒裝。 Should it rain tomorrow, we would have to cancel the football match.If it should rain tomorrow, we would have to cancel the football match.如果明天下雨，我們將不得不取消足球賽。Helen, are you going to the airport to see Jack off the day after tomorro

9、w?Were he toleave tomorrow, I would go. (If he were toleave tomorrow, I would go.)Helen, 后天你會(huì)去機(jī)場送Jack嗎？如果他明天走的話，我就去送。即時(shí)演練3(1)單句語法填空(2014福建高考改編)Were (be) there no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.Had I had time, I would have walked round tha

10、t lake then.(2)把下面的句子改為倒裝句If he should be free tomorrow, I would talk with him.Should_he_be_free_tomorrow,_I_would_talk_with_him.If I were you, I would give him a hand.Were_I_you,_I_would_give_him_a_hand.二、虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的應(yīng)用1用在wish之后的賓語從句中wish后的賓語從句使用虛擬語氣，表示不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。主句用法從句謂語動(dòng)詞的形式主語wish現(xiàn)在不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望用一般過去時(shí)(be通常

11、用were)過去不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望had過去分詞將來不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望would (could)動(dòng)詞原形I wish I were a bird flying in the sky.我希望我是一只在空中飛翔的小鳥。I wish he had visitedus last night.我希望他昨晚來看望我們了。He wishes he could become a scientist someday.他希望將來的某一天，他能成為科學(xué)家。即時(shí)演練4用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(2015天津高考改編)I wish I had_been (be) at my sisters wedding last Tuesday

12、, but I was on a business trip in New York then.(2015陜西高考改編)Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I danced (dance) as well as her.I wish that the rain would/could_stop (stop)2用在表示命令、建議、要求等一些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語從句中表示“要求、建議、命令”等動(dòng)詞后面的從句中用“should動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成虛擬語氣，其中“should”可以省略。這類動(dòng)詞可以速記為：一堅(jiān)持(insist)；二命令(command, order)；三建議(

13、advise, suggest, proposal)；四要求(request, require, demand, desire)Doctors suggest that this kind of medicine (should) be takenafter supper.醫(yī)生建議這種藥晚飯后吃。I demanded that we (should) tellthis to her.我堅(jiān)決要求我們該把這事告訴她。名師點(diǎn)津當(dāng)insist表示“堅(jiān)持說，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”、suggest表示“表明；暗示”時(shí)，其后的從句中不用虛擬語氣。He insisted that he was honest.他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為自

14、己是誠實(shí)的。即時(shí)演練5用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空The teacher suggested that the blackboard (should)_be_cleaned (clean) after class.He ordered that the clothes (should)_be_washed (wash) every week by themselves.His pale face suggested that he was (be) ill.3用在would rather后面的賓語從句中wouldather后面的賓語從句中常用虛擬語氣，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿靡话氵^去時(shí)，表示對(duì)過去的

15、愿望用過去完成時(shí)。I would rather youwent tomorrow (now)我寧愿你明天(現(xiàn)在)去。I would rather Ihad not told him the bad news.我寧愿沒有告訴他這個(gè)壞消息。即時(shí)演練6用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(2014陜西高考改編)We would rather our daughter stayed (stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.Id rather you had_seen (see) the film

16、yesterday.單句語法填空1If I had (have) enough money, I would buy that beautiful sculpture.2I wish I had (have) a little lab of my own.3If he should_come/came (come) tomorrow, we would be greatly surprised.4If the sun were_to(be)rise in the west, I would follow you.5If I were (be) in your position, I would

17、 accept their offer. 6George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he focused (focus) more on its culture.7How I wish I had_seen (see) her off at the station, but I was too busy.8He insisted that he (should)_be_sent (send) there.9Should the snowstorm continue tomorrow, o

18、ur flight would be canceled.10The smile on his face suggested that he had_passed (pass) the exam.單句寫作1(2014安徽高考滿分作文)Secondly, if_I_were_you,_I would take a walk in the evening with my friends.第二，如果我是你，我會(huì)在傍晚和朋友一起散步。2(2014全國卷滿分作文)Besides, I wish there wouldnt_be_too_many_students in a class.另外，我希望一個(gè)班不

19、會(huì)有太多的學(xué)生。3(2015四川高考滿分作文)To master Mandarin, I strongly suggest you (should)_practice_with_Chinese_people.為了掌握普通話，我強(qiáng)烈建議你和中國人進(jìn)行練習(xí)。4His son had been away from home for a week. He would rather he hadnt_shouted_at_him.他的兒子已離家出走一周了，他寧愿自己沒對(duì)他大喊大叫。5I wish we all would_have_a_nice_evening!我希望大家能有個(gè)愉快的夜晚。6If you

20、 succeeded/should_succeed/were_to_succeed,_everything would be all right.如果你成功的話，一切就會(huì)好起來的。7The boy insisted that he had_tried_his_best_and_(should)_be_praised.小男孩堅(jiān)持說他盡了最大努力，應(yīng)該受到表揚(yáng)。8(2014江西高考滿分作文)I suggest you_should_keep_the_balance between your study and entertainment, such as sports, listening to

21、music and so on.我建議你應(yīng)該保持學(xué)習(xí)和娛樂之間的平衡，像運(yùn)動(dòng)、聽音樂等。.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文I was a guilty man.If my master Priest Tang 1.hadnt_saved (not save) my life at the risk of his own life，I 2.wouldnt_have_met (not meet) with Bai Jingjing.If I 3.hadnt_met (not meet) with Bai Jingjing, I 4.wouldnt_have_fallen (not fall) in love with her at first sight