成高專升本英語主從復合句演示課件

1、1,主從復合句,名詞從句、定語從句、狀語從句,2,名詞從句,從句：在句子中充當某一成分的分句。 主句：從句所依附的句子。 名詞從句：在句子中起名詞作用的主謂結構，包括主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句。名詞從句要用陳述的語序。,3,主語從句 1 連接詞that That he is still alive is quite true. That the economy is in recession is now no doubt. that引導的主語從句可轉換成用it作形式主語的句型。如： It is quit true that he is still alive. It is no

2、w no doubt that the economy is in recession.,4,連接詞 wh-疑問詞 Who will chair the meeting has not yet been decided. What you think may seem silly. How well you talk is governed by your understanding of grammar. 連接詞whatever, whichever, whoever等 Whoever broke the vase should admit it frankly. Whichever roa

3、d you take will be rough and rocky.,5,表語從句 1 連接詞和主語從句一樣。 e.g. The truth is (that) he has lost nothing except a few pennies. The problem was that no one knew how to fix the machine. The question was who owned the house. Actually the film is very much what I expected.,6,2 當主句的主語為command, demand, order

4、, suggestion, idea, request等時，表語從句的謂語動詞用should + 動詞原形。Should可省略。如： Her idea is that you should stick to your plan. My first request is that the young man should be given a new job. 主語從句也一樣。如： It is suggested that each of them should write an article. 賓語從句也一樣。如： She required that he should get there

5、before dark.,7,賓語從句 1 連接詞也和主語從句一樣。 Many parents think that education is to be given only in school. She explained to him what he had to do to start the car. They offered him what he didnt like at all. 2 it作形式賓語時，賓語從句置于句末。 We found it true that Mr. smith was an honest gentleman. 改寫第一個句子：It is thought

6、 that education is to be given only in school.,8,同位語從句，通常是說明其前面名詞的內容。連接詞也和以上從句一樣。 The farmers can not forget the fact that birds are the enemies of insects. Do you have any idea of how stupid he is? We have no idea of what he suffered in those days. 練習P179 綜合檢測試題,9,定語從句,定語從句：在句子中起定語作用的主謂結構。通常修飾其前面的名

7、詞或代詞，這個名詞或代詞稱為先行詞。 連接詞：關系代詞who, whom, that, which 關系副詞when, where, why 1 關系代詞，它取決于先行詞是人還是物，還取決于關系代詞在從句中作何成分。,10,先行詞是人 主語：A person who has good friends enjoys life more. Anyone who/ that saw the car accident please call us at 289110. 賓語：I telephoned the doctor who/whom/that Jackson had recommended. H

8、e is not the young scientist to whom I referred just now. 所有格：I have never met a woman whose figure is so beautiful.,11,先行詞是物 主語：It is a problem that/which needs very careful consideration. 賓語：I am using the same computer that/which I have used for four years. 所有格：Have you seen the new machine whose

9、 parts are too small to be seen? 表語: The typewriter is not the machine (which) it was.,12,當先行詞前有all, any, every, a few, no ,only, some ,very或序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時，或先行詞為anything, everything, nothing等時，關系代詞用that. I have never taken anything that doesnt belong to me. You can take any seat that is free. He was

10、one of the greatest scientists that ever lived. The only thing that he did was to call the police.,13,2 關系副詞 when, where, why在句中作狀語，其先行詞是表示時間、地點、理由的名詞。 Winter is usually the season when many animals have sleep. He showed me the house where his father had made cigars. There is no good reason why she

11、should leave so soon.,14,3 His business had failed, and he had to leave GZ to live in ZJ, where he had an uncle. 非限定性定語從句 I have never been to the town where I was born. 非限定性定語從句有逗號與主句隔開，如果去掉它不會影響主句的意思。指物時用關系代詞which,不用that. 關系代詞不可以省略。 He looked at the sky, which was covered with dark clouds.,15,在非限定

12、性定語從句中，which常用于指代前面的整個主句或主句的一部分。 He won the first prize, which we had never expected. Some roads were flooded, which made our journey more difficult. 練習：P187 綜合檢測,16,狀語從句,時間狀語從句 1 when 引導的從句可表示持續(xù)或短暫的動作；可表示與主句動作同時發(fā)生或先于主句的動作。 When I live in town, I often went to the theatre. When she pressed the butto

13、n the machine stopped. 2 while引導的從句表示兩個動作同時發(fā)生。從句的動作持續(xù)較久。 Never get on or off a bus while it is in motion. While the woman was listening to the broadcast she kept trembling.,17,3 as 表示兩個動作同時發(fā)生，持續(xù)時間較短，或表示兩個動作正在發(fā)展、變化，表示“隨著” As I left the house I remember the key. As the sun rose, it became warmer. 4 si

14、nce表示“自從”，從句多用過去時，主句多用完成時態(tài). They have never seen each other again since she fell ill. It is almost a year since I met you last.,18,5 till/ until 表示“直到才” He didnt tell you the news till he was sure of it. Dont try to get on the train until it stops. As soon as 表示“一就” You can go for your holiday as so

15、on as you finish the job. Ill let you know about it as soon as we come to any conclusion.,19,原因狀語從句 1 because引導，表示的語氣最強，可用來回答why開頭的句子，放在主句后面。 They had to slow down because he couldnt keep up with them. Why cant you go with us now? Because I am too busy. 2 since引導的從句常表示已為人們所知的原因或理由，常譯作“既然”。 Since she

16、 is not prepared for the job, youd better let him do it. Since the weather has improved, the game will be held as planned.,20,3 As 引導的從句所表示的原因意義很弱，通常不是句子的中心，是某種附加說明。 As David said we had better walk, we started off on foot. As Tom is an honest man he is entrusted with a large sum of money. 4 For引導的從

17、句放在主句后面，用逗號隔開，表示補充說明。 The days are long, for it is now July. I worried about the boy in the river, for there the currents were dangerous.,21,方式狀語從句 1 AS引導，表示“和一樣”像那樣” He worked hard all through the day as everybody else did. He wont do as hes told. 2 as if ,as tough引導的從句多用于虛擬語氣。 When he had finished

18、 he waited as if he was waiting for a reply. He is standing there still as if he has frozen to death.,22,條件狀語從句 1 真實條件句：表示可能實現(xiàn)的條件。 If：如果；unless:除非；as long as: 只要； Peter wont catch the train if he doesnt hurry. Unless this policy is changed, the future is indeed dark. You may go out as long as you pr

19、omise to be back before 12 oclock. You can borrow my car on the condition that you return it by this evening.,23,2 非真實條件句：表示一個與事實相反的假設，用虛擬語氣。 與現(xiàn)在事實相反： If I were you, I would agree with them. If I had a car, I would lend it to you. 與過去事實相反： If Mark had been there ,he would have helped you. 與將來事實相反： I

20、f I were to do the experiment, I would do it some other way.,24,目的狀語從句 1 so that引導 He arranged everything so that we could get there at one oclock. They wrote the notices in several languages so that foreigners could understand them. In order that 引導 He arrived early in order that he might not miss

21、the report. For fear that 引導 They didnt talk much for fear that others might hear them.,25,結果狀語從句 So that引導，常有逗號與主句隔開,that 可以省略。 We climbed high, so （that）we might get a better view. sothat引導，表示“如此以致” He worked so well that people all praised him. Her album was so full of pictures that it was bursti

22、ng at the seam. suchthat引導，也表示“如此以致” He had such a fierce dog that no one dared to go near his house.,26,讓步狀語從句 1 although, though引導，表示“雖然但是” Although many painters do their work well, few become wealthy. 2 even though=even if引導，表示“盡管” Even if some people have only visited a place once, they will find it again many years later because they