管理交換網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的冗余鏈路

1、項(xiàng)目六管理交換網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的冗余鏈路任務(wù)1銳捷設(shè)備快速生成樹(shù)配置實(shí)驗(yàn)一、 實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?理解快速生成樹(shù)協(xié)議RSTP的配置及原理二、 背景描述:假設(shè)某企業(yè)采用兩臺(tái)交換機(jī)組成一個(gè)局域網(wǎng), 網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理員用2條鏈路將交換機(jī)互連由于很多數(shù)據(jù)流量是跨過(guò)交換機(jī)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的,因此一方面需要提高交換機(jī)之間的傳輸帶寬,實(shí)現(xiàn)鏈路冗余從而提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)可靠性,另一方面需要避免產(chǎn)生環(huán)路三、 技術(shù)原理:生成樹(shù)協(xié)議利用SPA算法(生成樹(shù)算法),在存在交換環(huán)路的網(wǎng)絡(luò)中生成一個(gè)沒(méi)有環(huán)路的樹(shù)型網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)用該算法將交換網(wǎng)絡(luò)冗余的備份鏈路邏輯上斷開(kāi),當(dāng)主要鏈路出現(xiàn)故障時(shí)能自動(dòng)切換到備份鏈路,保證數(shù)據(jù)的正常轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)四、 實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備:銳捷交換機(jī)RG-S2126G兩臺(tái)

2、,主機(jī)兩臺(tái),直連線4條五、 實(shí)驗(yàn)拓?fù)?switchBF0/1F0/1switchAF0/2F0/2PC1CPC2CCCCCCC六實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟:1、 交換機(jī)switchA的基本配置:SwitchenPassword:Switch#conf tSwitch(config)#vlan 10Switch(config-vlan)#name salesSwitch(config-vlan)#exitSwitch(config)#host switchAswitchA(config)#inter f0/5switchA(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10switchA(c

3、onfig-if)#exitswitchA(config)#inter range fa 0/1-2switchA(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunkswitchA(config-if-range)#exitswitchA(config)#spanning-treeswitchA(config)#spanning-tree mode rstpswitchA(config)#exitswitchA#show spanning-treeStpVersion : RSTPSysStpStatus : EnabledBaseNumPorts : 24MaxAg

4、e : 20HelloTime : 2ForwardDelay : 15BridgeMaxAge : 20BridgeHelloTime : 2BridgeForwardDelay : 15MaxHops : 20TxHoldCount : 3PathCostMethod : LongBPDUGuard : DisabledBPDUFilter : DisabledBridgeAddr : 00d0.f8db.b0c5Priority : 32768TimeSinceTopologyChange : 0d:0h:0m:17sTopologyChanges : 0DesignatedRoot :

5、 800000D0F8DBB0C5RootCost : 0RootPort : 0 /*說(shuō)明SwitchA是根交換機(jī)switchA#2交換機(jī)switchB的配置:SwitchenPassword:Switch#conf tSwitch(config)#host switchBswitchB(config)#vlan 10switchB(config-vlan)#name salesswitchB(config-vlan)#exitswitchB(config)#inter fa 0/5switchB(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10switchB(con

6、fig-if)#exitswitchB(config)#inter range fa 0/1-2switchB(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunkswitchB(config-if-range)#exitswitchB(config)#spanning-treeswitchB(config)#spanning-tree mode rstpswitchB(config)#exitswitchB#show spanning-treeStpVersion : RSTPSysStpStatus : EnabledBaseNumPorts : 24MaxAge

7、: 20HelloTime : 2ForwardDelay : 15BridgeMaxAge : 20BridgeHelloTime : 2BridgeForwardDelay : 15MaxHops : 20TxHoldCount : 3PathCostMethod : LongBPDUGuard : DisabledBPDUFilter : DisabledBridgeAddr : 00d0.f8db.b1e1Priority : 32768TimeSinceTopologyChange : 0d:0h:1m:53sTopologyChanges : 0DesignatedRoot : 8

8、00000D0F8DBB0C5RootCost : 200000RootPort : Fa0/1 /*說(shuō)明SwitchB是非根交換機(jī),Fa0/1是根端口3設(shè)置交換機(jī)的優(yōu)先級(jí),指定switchB為根交換機(jī)switchBENPassword:switchB#conf tswitchB(config)#spanning-tree priority 4096switchB(config)#endswitchB#show spanning-treeStpVersion : RSTPSysStpStatus : EnabledBaseNumPorts : 24MaxAge : 20HelloTime :

9、2ForwardDelay : 15BridgeMaxAge : 20BridgeHelloTime : 2BridgeForwardDelay : 15MaxHops : 20TxHoldCount : 3PathCostMethod : LongBPDUGuard : DisabledBPDUFilter : DisabledBridgeAddr : 00d0.f8db.b1e1Priority : 4096TimeSinceTopologyChange : 0d:0h:19m:25sTopologyChanges : 0DesignatedRoot : 100000D0F8DBB1E1R

10、ootCost : 0RootPort : 0 /*修改SwithB的優(yōu)先級(jí)后,SwitchB是根交換機(jī)查看switchA生成樹(shù)的配置信息:switchAenPassword:switchA#show spanning-treeStpVersion : RSTPSysStpStatus : EnabledBaseNumPorts : 24MaxAge : 20HelloTime : 2ForwardDelay : 15BridgeMaxAge : 20BridgeHelloTime : 2BridgeForwardDelay : 15MaxHops : 20TxHoldCount : 3Pat

11、hCostMethod : LongBPDUGuard : DisabledBPDUFilter : DisabledBridgeAddr : 00d0.f8db.b0c5Priority : 32768TimeSinceTopologyChange : 0d:0h:19m:53sTopologyChanges : 0DesignatedRoot : 100000D0F8DBB1E1RootCost : 200000RootPort : Fa0/1 /*說(shuō)明SwitchA是非根交換機(jī),根端口是Fa0/1switchA#驗(yàn)證switchA的端口1和端口2的狀態(tài)switchA#show spann

12、ing-tree inter fa 0/1PortAdminPortfast : DisabledPortOperPortfast : DisabledPortAdminLinkType : autoPortOperLinkType : point-to-pointPortBPDUGuard: DisabledPortBPDUFilter: DisabledPortState : forwarding /*是根端口,所以狀態(tài)是ForwardingPortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 100000D0F8DBB1E1PortDesignatedCost :

13、 0PortDesignatedBridge : 100000D0F8DBB1E1PortDesignatedPort : 8001PortForwardTransitions : 2PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 200000PortRole : rootPortswitchA#驗(yàn)證switchB的端口2的狀態(tài)switchB#SHOW SPanning-tree INTER FA 0/2PortAdminPortfast : DisabledPortOperPortfast : DisabledPortAdminLinkType : autoP

14、ortOperLinkType : sharedPortBPDUGuard: DisabledPortBPDUFilter: DisabledPortState : discarding /*Fa0/2是冗余端口,避免環(huán)路,丟棄PortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 800000D0F8DBB1E1PortDesignatedCost : 0PortDesignatedBridge : 800000D0F8DBB1E1PortDesignatedPort : 0000PortForwardTransitions : 0PortAdminPathCost :

15、 0PortOperPathCost : 2000000PortRole : disabledPortswitchB#如果switchA 與switchB間的端口F0/1之間的鏈路down掉,驗(yàn)證switchB的端口2的狀態(tài),并觀察狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換的時(shí)間switchB#SHOW SPanning-tree INTER FA 0/2PortAdminPortfast : DisabledPortOperPortfast : DisabledPortAdminLinkType : autoPortOperLinkType : point-to-pointPortBPDUGuard: DisabledPor

16、tBPDUFilter: DisabledPortState : forwarding 鏈路Down后,Fa0/2自動(dòng)切換為Forwarding狀態(tài),收斂時(shí)間少于1秒 PortPriority : 128PortDesignatedRoot : 100000D0F8DBB1E1PortDesignatedCost : 0PortDesignatedBridge : 100000D0F8DBB1E1PortDesignatedPort : 8002PortForwardTransitions : 1PortAdminPathCost : 0PortOperPathCost : 200000Por

17、tRole : designatedPort任務(wù)2 快速生成樹(shù)配置一、 實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?掌握交換機(jī)上生成樹(shù)協(xié)議的診斷方法二、 背景描述:假設(shè)某企業(yè)采用兩臺(tái)交換機(jī)組成一個(gè)局網(wǎng),由于很多數(shù)據(jù)流量是跨過(guò)交換機(jī)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的,因此需要提高交換機(jī)之間的傳輸帶寬,并實(shí)現(xiàn)鏈路冗余備分,為此網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理員在兩臺(tái)交換機(jī)之間采用兩根網(wǎng)線互聯(lián),三、 實(shí)現(xiàn)功能:配置兩個(gè)交換機(jī)之間的冗余主干道,對(duì)運(yùn)行的生成樹(shù)協(xié)議進(jìn)行診斷四、 實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備:CISCO交換機(jī)Catalyst2950兩臺(tái),控制臺(tái)電纜一條,交叉雙絞線若干五、 實(shí)驗(yàn)拓?fù)?F0/5switchBswitchAPCPCF0/1F0/1F0/2F0/2F0/5六、 實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟:2、 交

18、換機(jī)switchA的基本配置:SwitchenableSwitch#configure terminalSwitch(config)#hostname SwitchASwitchA(config)#vlan 10SwitchA(config)#interface vlan 10SwitchA(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0SwitchA(config-if)#exitSwitchA(config)#interface fa 0/5SwitchA(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10SwitchA

19、(config-if)#exitSwitchA(config)#interface fa 0/1SwitchA(config-if)#switchport mode trunkSwitchA(config-if)#interface fa 0/2SwitchA(config-if)#switchport mode trunkSwitchA(config-if)#exitSwitchA(config)#spanning-tree portfast defaultSwitchA(config)#exitSwitchA#show spanning-treeVLAN001 Spanning tree

20、enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 32768 Address 000C.1000.4605 This bridge is the root Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32768 Address 000C.1000.4605 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300Interface Port ID Designated Port IDName

21、 Prio.Nbr Cost Sts Cost Bridge ID Prio.Nbr- - - - - - -Fa0/1 32768.1 0 FWD 0 32768 000C.1000.4605 0.1Fa0/2 32768.2 0 FWD 0 32768 000C.1000.4605 0.210 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 32768 Address 000C.1000.4605 This bridge is the root Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Dela

22、y 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32768 Address 000C.1000.4605 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300Interface Port ID Designated Port IDName Prio.Nbr Cost Sts Cost Bridge ID Prio.Nbr- - - - - - -Fa0/1 32768.1 0 FWD 0 32768 000C.1000.4605 0.1Fa0/2 32768.2 0 FWD 0 32768 000C.10

23、00.4605 0.2Fa0/5 32768.5 0 FWD 0 32768 000C.1000.4605 0.52交換機(jī)switchB的配置:SwitchenableSwitch#configure terminalSwitch(config)#hostname SwitchBSwitchB(config)#vlan 10SwitchB(config)#interface fa 0/5SwitchB(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10SwitchB(config-if)#exitSwitchB(config)#spanning-tree portfast

24、 defaultSwitchB(config)#interface fa 0/1SwitchB(config-if)#switchport mode trunkSwitchB(config-if)#exitSwitchB(config)#interface fa 0/2SwitchB(config-if)#switchport mode trunkSwitchB(config-if)#exitSwitchB#show spanning-treeVLAN001 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 32768 Address 000C.1000.4605 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32768 Address 000C.4006.4286 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging