小學(xué)六年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語復(fù)習(xí)資料

1、Unit 1 How tall are you?一如何詢句并表達(dá)某人的身高或體重等。問句：How +形容詞（tall,heavy.）+be動(dòng)詞+主語？答句：主語+ be動(dòng)詞+數(shù)字+計(jì)量單位（metres米,kilograms千克,tom噸.）（+形容詞tall,heavy）注意：1.be動(dòng)詞隨主語的變化而變化 2.當(dāng)計(jì)量單位前面的數(shù)字大于1時(shí)，計(jì)量單位用復(fù)數(shù)，當(dāng)計(jì)量單位前面的數(shù)字小于或等于1時(shí)，計(jì)量單位用復(fù)數(shù)。 3.當(dāng)計(jì)量單位為縮寫時(shí)(metre為m,kilogram為kg)，不管前面的數(shù)字是大于、小于還是等于1，后面都不能加S例句：How heavy are you?Im 45 kilogr

2、amsHow tall is she?She is 1.5 metres tall（tall可省略）二詢問對(duì)方穿多大碼的鞋子問句：What size are your shoes?答句：I wear size+數(shù)字(+shoes).或Size+數(shù)字.例句：What size are your shoes?I wear size 35 shoes。三形容詞比較級(jí)句型結(jié)構(gòu)A + be動(dòng)詞(am , is , are ) （+數(shù)字+計(jì)量單位）+形容詞比較級(jí) + than（比）+B如：Im taller and heavier than you. （我比你更高和更重。）An elephant is b

3、igger than a tiger. （一只大象比一只老虎更大。）He is 2 years older than me.(他比我大2歲)注意：than后面的人稱代詞用賓格形式。形容詞的比較級(jí)是在形容詞的基礎(chǔ)上變化而來的，它的變化規(guī)則是： 一般的直接在詞尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , 以e結(jié)尾的，直接加r ，如 fine finer , 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，先改y為i再加er，如funny - funnier 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫該輔音字母再加er，如big bigger, thin thinner ,hot

4、hotter注意：比較的兩者應(yīng)該是互相對(duì)應(yīng)的可比較的東西。典型錯(cuò)誤：My hair is longer than you.（我的頭發(fā)比你更長(zhǎng)。）比較的兩者是我的頭發(fā)、你（整個(gè)人），那么比較的對(duì)象就沒有可比性。應(yīng)該改為：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.四Some 一些，若干?？勺飨薅ㄔ~、代詞。例句：I want some pencils.(作限定詞) There are some in the box.(作代詞，代指一些東西)注意：當(dāng)some作限定詞時(shí)一般用于肯定句中，當(dāng)含有some的肯定句變成否定句

5、時(shí)，some通常要變成any.例句：There are some flowers there There arent any flowers there.但在表示建議、請(qǐng)求或希望得到對(duì)方肯定回答的疑問句中也要用some.例句：Can I have some apples?Yes,please.五一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹 1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地

6、球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1. be動(dòng)詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1. be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be +主語+其它？如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im

7、not.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句？如：Where is my bike?2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語+ dont( doesnt ) +動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesnt構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑問句：Do( Does ) +主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Ye

8、s, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：How does your father go to work?動(dòng)詞+s(第三人稱單數(shù))的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x.sh. ch.o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studiesUnit2 last weekend一Play football 踢足球Play后接球類名詞時(shí)，意為玩

9、，打，踢。球類名詞前不加冠詞。Play basketball, Play volleyball,Play后接樂器名詞時(shí)，意為演奏，吹，彈。樂器名詞前要加定冠詞the。Play the druml, Play the piano,二名詞所有格1名詞+s構(gòu)成所有格，常用來表示有生命的人或事物的所屬關(guān)系。例句：It is my fathers car. This is Jims brother.2.of+名詞 構(gòu)成所有格，通常表示無生命事物的所有格。例句：The windows of the house are blue. This is a map of China.所有格構(gòu)成規(guī)則：1.單數(shù)名詞或

10、不以S結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞在詞尾加s. Womens Day, my sisters book2. 以S結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞在詞尾加. Teathers Day.三Want 作動(dòng)詞意為“想要”常見用法如下：Want+名詞/代詞 想要某物 I want this book. to do sth. 想要做某事 I want to read this book sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事I want her to read this book三一般過去時(shí)1一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。一般過去時(shí)也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2Be動(dòng)詞在一般過去

11、時(shí)中的變化：am 和is在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。（was not=wasnt）are在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。（were not=werent）帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。3.一般過去時(shí)的否定句含be動(dòng)詞否定句：主語+ was/were + not +其他She was at school this morning.She wasnt at school this morning.含實(shí)義動(dòng)詞否定句: 主語+didnt +動(dòng)詞原形+其他Jim went home yes

12、terday.Jim didnt go home yesterday.4.一般過去時(shí)的一般疑問句含be動(dòng)詞一般疑問句: was/were +主語+其他？把was或were調(diào)到句首-Were you at school last night? -Yes. I were. / No, I werent.含實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一般疑問句：Did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？在句首加did，句子中的動(dòng)詞過去式變回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday?疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)：疑問詞+動(dòng)詞過去式？如：Who

13、 went to home yesterday?動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2結(jié)尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied句型專項(xiàng)歸類1、 肯定句：是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子，如：Im a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. There are four fans in

14、our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening. 2、否定句：含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子，如：Im not a student. She is not (isnt) a doctor. He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom. He will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didnt) watch

15、TV yesterday evening. 注意 小結(jié)：否定句主要是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上加上了否定詞 “not”。有動(dòng)詞be的句子則“not”加在be后面，可縮寫成“isnt，arent”，但am not 一般都分開寫。沒有動(dòng)詞be的句子則要先在主要?jiǎng)釉~的前面加上一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞（do，does，did），然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它們縮寫在一起如“dont , doesnt , didnt ）。這三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)人稱和時(shí)態(tài)來選擇，其中“does”只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況，而“did”只用于一般過去時(shí)，不論主語是什么人稱和數(shù)，都用“did” 。3、一般疑問句：是指詢問事實(shí)的句

16、子，此類句子必須用“yes”，或“no”來回答。如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, Im not. Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isnt. Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there arent. Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am.

17、 / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we arent.)Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(wont). Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they arent.Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.注意 小結(jié)：一般疑問句是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上，把動(dòng)詞be調(diào)到首位，其他照寫，末尾標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)變成問號(hào)即可。沒有動(dòng)詞be的句子則要在句首加上一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞（do，d

18、oes，did）再把緊跟在后面的動(dòng)詞變回原形，末尾標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)變成問號(hào)即可。這三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞也要根據(jù)人稱和時(shí)態(tài)來選擇，其中“does”只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況，而“did”只用于一般過去時(shí)，不論主語是什么人稱和數(shù)，都用“did” 。一般疑問句有個(gè)重要的原則就是問和答要一致，即問句里的第一個(gè)單詞（助動(dòng)詞）和簡(jiǎn)略答句里的這個(gè)詞是一致的。4、特殊疑問句：以特殊疑問詞（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等）開頭引導(dǎo)的句子。此類句子應(yīng)該問什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”來回答。如：What is this? Its a computer.What does he do? Hes a doctor.Where are you going? Im going to Beijing.Who played football with you yesterday after