2021年中考英語復(fù)習(xí) 09年中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)一詞匯

1、中考英語復(fù)習(xí) 09年中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)一詞匯 八種動詞時態(tài),有的只要求達(dá)到理解層次,有的則要求達(dá)到熟練運用層次。至少其中五種時態(tài)包括過去進(jìn)行時是要求達(dá)到熟練運用層次的,而且其考查方式肯定不會以某一時態(tài)的 _形式出現(xiàn),而是時態(tài)的綜合運用,尤其要重視各種時態(tài)之間的區(qū)別。 找出它們之間的不同冠詞的用法. 現(xiàn)以冠詞為例: 1.John was given _ orange bag for his birthday but _ bag was lost just now. A.an,a B.a,the C.the,a D.an,the 2.Theres _ old tree near _ house. A.

2、a,an B.an,the C.a,the D.the,a 3.There is _ 800-metre-long road behind _ hospital.A.an,an B.a,a C.an,the D.a,the 4._ good,kind girl she is! A.How B.What a C.What D.How a 5._ bad weather!I hope it wont last long. A.How B.What C.What a D.How a 6._ they are listening to the teacher! A.How careful B.What

3、 careful C.How carefully D.What carefully 由上例題我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)冠詞和感嘆句是必考內(nèi)容。同樣,象賓語從句的語序、代詞的格、主謂語一致、動詞和介詞的搭配、近義詞的比較以及習(xí)慣表達(dá)法和情態(tài)動詞的使用等,無一不在考查之列。 所有這一切語言基礎(chǔ)知識,我都將通過對典型試題的解題分析,展開討論,分層展示難易對比,系統(tǒng)歸納。 對于語言基礎(chǔ)知識是這樣處理,那么對以能力測試為主要目的的中考其他試題形式又該怎么辦呢? 這里我們以一篇完形填空題為例: A poor farmer had never left his s _ll village.After he(1) a lo

4、t of money,he decided to spend a holiday in an expensive hotel(旅館)in a bigtown.(2)lunch time came on his first day there,he went to eat in the restaurant(餐館)of the hotel(3) his new clothes.The head waiter(服務(wù)員)(4)him to the table,took his order and went away.When he turned and (5)the farmer again,he

5、had a (6)!The farmer had tied(系)his table cloth round his (7). The head waiter told another waiter to go to the farmer and (8) him that people (9) do such a thing in his restaurant.So the waiter went tothe farmer and said in a (10) voi _(聲音),Good morning,sir.Would you like a haircut? 1.A.lent B. _de

6、 C.paid D.gave 2.A.During B.Though C.When D.Because 3.A.for B.with C.on D.in 4.A.wanted B.put C.showed D.brought 5.A.looked at B.watched C.saw D.found 6.A.look B.rest C.table cloth D.surprise 7.A.arm B.neck C.hand D.head 8.A.ask B. _ C.taught D.told 9.A.cant B.dont C.wont D.mustnt 10.A.friendly B.ti

7、red C.sad D.ter 要求考生從所給的選項中選出正確答案,使補足后的短文意思通順,結(jié)構(gòu)完整。對此,考生必須通篇考慮,不能拿來就做,那樣必然顧此失彼,前后意思不得連貫。目前的中考完型還側(cè)重于語法,這將在逐年試題的變革中轉(zhuǎn)向按上下文的要求來推斷理解。 在解這類題時,必須掌握詞感現(xiàn)象,注意學(xué)會區(qū)分干擾項。所謂詞感,the sense of word是指一種對詞或詞群的 _能力。對詞的 _力強(qiáng),在解題時會較為容易地找到它與情景的關(guān)系。詞感并不僅僅指詞與詞之間的細(xì)微差異,也并不注重詞的搭配與組合,它較多地強(qiáng)調(diào)選用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~,以利于對情景作出合乎邏輯的判斷。同時也就把其它三個作為干擾項的選擇項排除

8、掉了。最后復(fù)讀一篇全文,就會語感流暢,句意明確。 這兒舉例的目的是想說明,我從一個較高的立意來對中考題型,特別是完形、閱讀等,進(jìn)行分析、探討,借以使同學(xué)們獲得較為完整的解題思路和解題方法。 這一講里,主要幫助同學(xué)們掌握名詞、冠詞、數(shù)詞的用法,特別是針對同學(xué)不易掌握的方面。 單數(shù)可用a、an來修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),在元音發(fā)音開頭的單詞前用an,而不是a 1.復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成方法:(1)一般在復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加s,如:dog-dogs。 (2)以s、x、ch、sh結(jié)尾的名詞加es,如:watch-watches。 (3)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞,變y為i加es, 如:country-countries。 請區(qū)別:

9、如果是元音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞,則只須加s。 如:monkey-monkeys。 (4)以o結(jié)尾的名詞,只有potato(土豆),to _to(西紅柿)加es構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)。 (5)以f、fe結(jié)尾的名詞,變f、fe為v再加es, 如:knife-knives。 2.單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同的詞:sheep-sheep,fish-fish Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese 3.特殊變化的單詞有:(1)tooth-teeth,foot-feeth (2) _n-men,wo _n-women,poli _ _n-poli _men,French _n-Frenchmen 請區(qū)別:G

10、er _n(德國人)-Ger _ns (3)child-children 4.常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞:people(人),clothes(衣服),trousers(褲子) glasses(眼鏡) ,這些名詞作主語時,同學(xué)們應(yīng)特別注意它們的謂語,用復(fù)數(shù)。 如:My clothes are (be) newer than yours. 5.有些名詞看似復(fù)數(shù)形式,實際上是單數(shù)。這一點是同學(xué)不易掌握的,應(yīng)特別加以記憶。如:news(消息), _ths(數(shù)學(xué)),physics(物理) No news is good news. 6.可用how _ny, _ny,a few,few,a lot of,lo

11、ts of,some,any等來修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。 How _ny are there in your pencil-box?(knife) 不可數(shù)名詞:1.常見的不可數(shù)名詞有:water,ri _,fish,meat,等。應(yīng)特別記medicine,news,work,homework,housework,money,chalk,weather,cotton,wood. 2.不可數(shù)名詞無復(fù)數(shù),作主語時常看成單數(shù)。如:Some bread_over there.(be) 3.常用how much,much,a little,little,a lot of,some,any等來修飾不可數(shù)名詞。 4

12、.常用a pie _ of,a cup of等來表示不可數(shù)名詞的量。如要表達(dá)兩片面包這樣的意義,bread仍為不可數(shù)名詞,不加s,而pie _則可加s。即:twopie _sof bread 請區(qū)別:可數(shù)名詞也可用量來表示, 如:三箱蘋果three boxes of apples 例: 1、These two pie _s of bread _over there.(be) 2、Could I have three _,please? A.pie _ of bread B.pie _ of breads C.pie _s of bread D.pie _s of breads 名詞的格 名詞所

13、有格的構(gòu)成方法,在名詞后加 s。如:TomToms譯為的,若遇上以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞,則在s后加 即可。如:TeachersDay , twoweeksholiday,而不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞的所有格,仍按慣例加s 。如:Childrens Day 1.可用名詞所有格表示地點。 如:my aunts 我姑姑家。 go to the doctors 去醫(yī)生家。 2.表示兩人共同擁有,在最后一個名詞后加s 如:Lucy and Lilys 露西和莉莉的 3.掌握詞組:a girl of five 一個五歲的女孩 a friend of mine 我的一個朋友 eg;The white shirt is

14、 and blue one is . A、Kate,my B.Kates,mine C.Kate,mine D.Kates,my 冠詞是詞匯中的基礎(chǔ)的,也是簡單的部分,所以同學(xué)們有必要掌握其基本用法,歸納起來,同學(xué)們應(yīng)該掌握以下幾點: 1.冠詞指不定冠詞a,an和定冠詞the 2.不定冠詞an常用于元音發(fā)音開頭的詞前,如:an hour,an English car. 請區(qū)別:a useful _chine 3.指上文提到過的人或物,用定冠詞the 4.在世界上獨一無二的事物前用定冠詞the.如:the sun,the moon,the earth 5.定冠詞the用于序數(shù)詞前,表示方位的名詞

15、和形容詞最高級前。如:the first,the best ,in the south 6.在復(fù)數(shù)姓氏前加the,表示一家人,?？闯蓮?fù)數(shù)。 如:The Browns are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer. 7.在介詞短語中常用定冠詞the,如:in the box ,behind the chair 8.特別注意不能用定冠詞the的幾個方面: (1)在節(jié)日、星期、月份、季節(jié)、年等詞前不用冠詞。如:in summer,in August 請區(qū)別:in the spring of 1945. (這里表示特指,故加the) (2)一日三餐和球

16、類運動名不用冠詞。 如:have breakfast ,play football (3)一些固定詞組中,如:go to bed ,go to school,by bus ,at night. 9.在有些詞組中,有冠詞和無冠詞意思不同,請注意區(qū)別: in front of 在前面 in the hospital 在醫(yī)院里 in the front of 在范圍內(nèi)的前部 in hospital (生病)住院 練習(xí):Theres _800-metre-long road behind _hospital. A.an,an B.a, a C.an, the D.a, the 同學(xué)們首先應(yīng)會讀會寫所有

17、基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞,以及與數(shù)詞有關(guān)的鐘點表達(dá)法。對數(shù)詞的考查,中考常采用單選題及聽力題,這些題型歸納起來,應(yīng)掌握以下幾點特別容易出錯的地方。 1.基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞。其規(guī)律為: 1,2,3特殊記,加th從4起 (first,second,third,fourth) 8少t,9去e,千萬別忘記 (eighth,ninth) 逢5逢12,ve變f (fifth,twelfth) 20到90,y要變ie (twentieth,niieth) 若是幾十幾,前基后序別倒位 (niy-first) 2.hundred,thousand,million 在構(gòu)成具體的數(shù)字時用單數(shù)形式。 如:five hundred

18、people. 只有在表達(dá)籠統(tǒng)的多數(shù)時才加s,構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)形式。 hundreds of 數(shù)以百計的,成百上千的 thousands of 數(shù)以千計的,成千上萬的 millions of 數(shù)百萬的 這些詞組前不能用具體數(shù)字。 3.序數(shù)詞常與定冠詞the 連用。 練習(xí):Henry has learned eight _ French words this year. A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundred of D.hundreds of The _lesson is the most difficult one in Book Two. (twenty) 另外,同學(xué)們還應(yīng)掌握

19、與數(shù)詞有關(guān)的鐘點表達(dá)法。 順讀法(鐘點+分鐘) 如:4:30 four thirty 4:45 four forty-five 4:15 four fifteen 倒讀法(分鐘+to/past+鐘點) 如:4:30 half past four 4:15 fifteen past four/a quarter past four 4:45 fifteen to five/a quarter to five 1.At the beginning of the_(twenty) _ntury,the worlds population was about 1700 million. 2.Are t

20、hese_(watch)yours? Yes. 3.You dont look well.Youd better go to the_(doctor) at on _. 4.Would you give me_,please? A.two papers B.two pie _ of paper C.two pie _s of paper D.two pie _s of papers 5.There are three_and seven_in the picture. A.monkeys,sheeps B.monkeys,sheep C.monkies,sheep D.monkies,shee

21、ps 6.A lot of_are talking with two_. A.Ger _ns,French _ns B.Germen,French _ns C.Ger _n, Frenchmen D.Ger _ns,Frenchmen 7.June 1 is _. A.the Childrens Day B.the Childrens Day C.Childrens Day D.Childrens Day 8._people went out to see what had happened. A.Thousands of B.Three thousand ofC.Thousand of D.

22、Three thousands 9.We have been in the school for_. A.three and a half month B.three and a half months C.three month and a half D.three months and half 10._English is_ useful language. A.A, an B./, a C.The, an D. A, / 11.John was given _ orange bag for his birthday but _ bag was lost just now. A.an,a

23、 B.a,the C.the,a D.an,the 12.Theres _ old tree near _ house. A.a,an B.an,the C.a,the D.the,a 13.There is _ 800-metre-long road behind _ hospital.A.an,an B.a,a C.an,the D.a,the 人稱代詞: 主格: 單數(shù)I 、you 、he 、she 、it 復(fù)數(shù) we 、you 、they 賓格: 單數(shù)me 、you 、him 、her 、it 復(fù)數(shù)us 、you 、them 物主代詞: 形容詞性 my 、your 、his 、her 、

24、its 、our 、your 、their 名詞性 mine 、yours 、his 、hers 、its 、ours 、yours 、theirs 反身代詞: myself 、yourself 、himself 、herself 、itself 、ourselves 、yourselves 、themselves 1.形容詞性物主代詞在句中只能作定語,相當(dāng)于一個形容詞,名詞性物主代詞在句中可作表語、主語和賓語,相當(dāng)于一個名詞。 2.注意名詞性物主代詞在句中所指代的關(guān)系,是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。 如:These books arent ours. Ours are new. (這里ours=our b

25、ooks) This is not our room. Ours is over there. (這里ours=our room) 3.of+名詞性物主代詞表示所屬 如:a sister of his 他的一個妹妹 a friend of mine 我的一個朋友 4.人稱代詞在并列使用時的順序為:第二人稱,第三人稱,第一人稱。 如:You, she and I all enjoy the music. 5.關(guān)于反身代詞,同學(xué)們須掌握其固定結(jié)構(gòu): enjoy oneself=have a good time (過得很愉快) by oneself=alone (單獨、獨自) help onesel

26、f to (隨便吃/喝 些.) learn sth. by oneself =teach oneself sth. (自學(xué)) 練習(xí)題 1.-Whose trousers are these? -_, I think. A.They B.Their C.Theirs D.Them 2. Nobody taught_English. He taught_. A.him, himself B.his, himself C.him, by himself D.his, his 修飾不數(shù)名詞 much little 表否定意義 a little 表肯定意義 few 和 little 與 quite 或

27、only 連用時,常加不定冠詞 a.如:There are quite a few new books in the library.= 用little, a little, few, a few填空: 1.I often stay at home because I have _ friends here. 2.Jim,dont go and get some water. There is _ water in the glass. 3.Though he learned French only _ weeks. He can speak very well. 4.Lily had _ b

28、read because she was hungry yesterday. 當(dāng)形容詞修飾這三個不定代詞時,常后置。 如:something new Theres _ in todays newspaper. 中考題 A.important anything B.important something C.anything important D.something important 1.some(一些,某) 一般用于肯定句中 注:some有時也可用于表示請求的疑問句中。 any(任何) 多用于疑問句和否定句 Will you give me some water? Would you like some me