廣州新版八下Unit-4Cartoons-and-comic-strips知識(shí)點(diǎn)[1]

1、unit4cartoonsandcomicstrips知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解與拓展：1.character：n.人物、角色yuefeiisagreathistoricalcharacter.2.thinkof考慮、思考imthinkingofgoingtoparisforvacation.拓展：thinkof：想起、記起icantthinkofhisname.thinkof：對(duì)有某種看法，常用于“whatdoyouthinkof”句型中whatdoyouthinkofthebook？3.addto&addtoaddto把加到上pleaseaddsomesalttothewater.addto添加，增添（歡

2、樂(lè)、困難等抽象doyouhaveanythingtoaddtothelist?名詞）4.recordv.錄音iverecordedthewholeconcert.拓展：recordn.記錄settherecord創(chuàng)造記錄breaktherecord打破記錄holdtherecord保持記錄5.decideon決定、選定whatmadeyoudecideonplana?6.basicadj.基礎(chǔ)的，基本的拓展：basebasis(n.)基礎(chǔ)basic(adj.)基本的basically(adv,)基本上7.hereitis.以here和there開頭的句子，若后面的主語(yǔ)為人稱代詞，主謂不倒裝；若

3、后面的主語(yǔ)為名詞，主謂倒裝。hereyouare.給你。8.forgetv.忘記herecomesthebus.公共汽車來(lái)了。forgettodoforgetdoing忘記要做某事（動(dòng)作沒發(fā)生）iforgettoturnoffthelight.忘記做過(guò)某事（動(dòng)作已發(fā)生）iforgetopeningthedoor.9.looklike看上去像tomlookslikehisfather.拓展：提問(wèn)長(zhǎng)相：whatdo/dosesb.looklike?提問(wèn)性格：whatissb.like?10.appearv.顯得，看來(lái)，似乎awomansuddenlyappearedinthedoorway.拓展：

4、appear（tobe）+adj./n.sheappears(tobe)happyatthenews.appeartodosth.youappeartotravelquitealot.11.alittle&abit1)兩者都可以作副詞用，用來(lái)修飾形容詞（原級(jí)或比較級(jí)）或動(dòng)詞。imalittle/bithungry.2)用作形容詞做定語(yǔ)時(shí)，alittle修飾不可數(shù)名詞，而abit后面加of再加不可數(shù)名詞。theresalittlewater.=theresabitofwater.12.bereadytodosth.已完成某事，準(zhǔn)備好做某事thecontractwillbereadytosigni

5、ntwoweeks.拓展：be/getreadyforsth.為做好準(zhǔn)備areyoureadyforyourteast?13.aswellas并且，還。用來(lái)連接并列成分。連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前一主語(yǔ)保持一致。sheiscleveraswellasbeautiful.14.howtodo疑問(wèn)詞+todoidontknowhowtodoit.拓展：whattodo做什么wheretogo去哪里whytodo為什么做15.dont+動(dòng)詞原形.否定祈使句，意為“不要，禁止”dontplayjokesonme,willyou?16.thesameas和一樣thetwinslookthesameas

6、eachother.拓展：bedifferentfrom與不同londonwasdifferentfrommosteuropeancapitals.17.look連系動(dòng)詞，意為“看起來(lái)，看上去”，厚街形容詞作表語(yǔ)。alicelookshappytoday.拓展：連系動(dòng)詞還有：:be(是),look(看起來(lái)),feel(摸上去),seem(似乎是),appear(似乎、顯得),prove(證明是),smell(聞起來(lái)),taste(嘗起來(lái)),sound(聽起來(lái))等18.letsb.dosth.讓某人做某事在let引導(dǎo)的祈使句中，sb可以是名詞，也可以說(shuō)代詞的賓格。lethimgo.let是使役動(dòng)

7、詞，常用的使役動(dòng)詞還有：make，have，leave等。theymademerepeatthestory.19.apairof+不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)apairofshoes20.lookout=payattentionto當(dāng)心、注意lookout！thereisacarcoming！拓展：lookoutof向外看shestoppedwritingandlookedoutofthewindow.21.pickup撿起，拾起shepickupaflowerontheroad.拓展：pickupsth.撿起某物，當(dāng)sth.是人稱代詞的賓格時(shí)，放在pick之后，如：pickitup。當(dāng)sth.

8、是名詞時(shí)，可以放在pickup中間或up之后，如：pickthepenup=rouble在困境中hesintrouble,letshelphim.拓展：與trouble相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：getintotrouble惹上麻煩havetrouble（in）doingsth.做某事有困難23.successn.成功iwishyousuccesswithyourstudies.拓展：succeedv.成功。succeedindoingsth.successfuladj.成功的。hisbusinessissuccessful.24.tellsbsth.告訴某人某事heto

9、ldmethereason.tellsb.todosth.告訴某人做某事theteachertoldhimtocleantheclassroom.tellsb.nottodosth.告訴某人不做某事hetoldusnottobuyclothesinthisstore.25.laughat嘲笑dontlaughathim,please.1.whatdoyou_yourhometown?itisverybeautiful.iloveitverymuch.a.lookatb.talkaboutc.thinkofd.thinkover2.wheniwasinthesupermarke,iforgot_

10、moneywithme.a.totakeb.totakingc.takingd.bringing3.couldyougivemesomeadvice?idontknow_.whydontyouwearthisredshirt?a.whentowearb.whattowearc.howtoweard.wheretowear4.mostofmyclassmatesdontliketotalktoteirparents,butiam_them.a.differentfromb.surprisedatc.thesameasd.proudof5.wheresyourticket?show_,please

11、.a.meitb.itmec.metoitd.ittome6.-tom,_readbookswhileyouarewalkinginthestreet.itsverydangerous.-ok,thankyou.a.dontb.doesntc.wontd.cant7.he_apieceofwastepaper,andputitintotherubbishbag.a.pickedupb.threwawayc.lookedford.handedin8.itsureourfootballteamwill_thismatch.werethebest.a.winb.failc.losed.beat9.o

12、urteacheroftentellsus_intheriver.itsdangerous.a.dontswimb.notswimc.nottoswimd.notswimming10.thankstotheinternet,differentkindsofinformation_inashorttime.a.canbelearnedb.hasbeenlearnedc.canlearnd.haslearned語(yǔ)法被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（2）一.概念：表示動(dòng)作與主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系的句子是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。二.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)之間如何轉(zhuǎn)換wevisitedthatfactorylastsummer主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)狀

13、語(yǔ)thatfactorywasvisitedbyuslastsummer被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)三.各種不同時(shí)態(tài)的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的對(duì)比時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（1）dotheyspeakfrench?被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)isfrenchspokenbythem?am/is/are+p.p.一般過(guò)去時(shí)was/were+p.p.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（2）theydontusetheroom.（1）thehunterkilledatiger.（2）hewrotemanystorieslastyear.）（1theseworkersarebuildingatheroomisntusedbythem.atigerwaski

14、lledbythehunter.manystorieswaswrittenbyhimlastyear.anewbridgeisbeingbuiltbytheseam/is/are+beingnewbridge.workers.+p.p.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+being+p.p.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+been+p.p.過(guò)去完成時(shí)had+been+p.p.一般將來(lái)時(shí)shall/willbe+p.p.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)wouldbe+p.p.was/weregoingtobe+p.p.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（2）heismendinghiscar.（1）hewassellingbooks.（2）theywer

15、ediscussingtheplanatthattime.（1）shehaslearnedmanyenglishwords.（2）hehasfinishedthework.（1）theyhassolvedtheproblem.（2）wehadtoldhimthenewsbythen.（1）ishallmakeaplan.（2）theyaregoingtofixtheradioinanhour.（1）hetoldmetheywouldpainttheroom.（2）theyweregoingtoputonaplaythenextweek.（1）weshouldhandinourhiscarisb

16、eingmendedbyhim.bookswerebeingbuiltbyhim.theplanwasbeingdiscussedbythematthattime.manyenglishwordshavebeenlearnedbyher.theworkhasbeenfinishedbyhim.theproblemhadbeensolvedbythem.thenewshadbeentoldtohimbyus.aplanwillbemadebyme.theradioisgoingtobefixedbytheminanhour.hetoldmetheroomwouldbepaintedbythem.

17、aplaywasgoingtobeputbythemthenextweek.ourhomeworkshouldbehandedinbycan/may/must/homework.us.should+be+p.p.（2）youmustanswerthequestioninenglish.thequestionmustbeansweredinenglishbyyou.四.如何正確使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.有些動(dòng)詞帶有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，即直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)，變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，可把其中一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)變成主語(yǔ)，另一個(gè)留在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)謂語(yǔ)后面。需要注意的是：若把直接賓語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，需要在間接賓語(yǔ)之間加上介詞“to”。eg.heo

18、ftentellsusinterestingstories.（主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）interestingstoriesareoftentoldtousbyhim.weareoftentoldinterestingstoriesbyhim.（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）thedoorisclosedbyfengping.這個(gè)門是由馮平來(lái)關(guān)的。(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))常帶雙賓語(yǔ)的詞有：tell,show,lend,pass等。2.在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，某些動(dòng)詞之后帶有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，即賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，這個(gè)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)由動(dòng)詞不定式來(lái)充當(dāng)，to被省略，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，這個(gè)to還要還原。eg.ioftenhearhersingthispopularsong.

19、（主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）sheisoftenheardtosingthispopularsong.（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）有這種用法的常用動(dòng)詞有：make,let,see,hear,watch,feel,notice等。3.有些“be+過(guò)去分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)并不是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，它們可能是“系表結(jié)構(gòu)（即系動(dòng)詞之后由過(guò)去分詞來(lái)充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)）?！?thedoorisclosed.門是關(guān)著的。系表結(jié)構(gòu))比較：1.theglasswasbrokenbymary.這個(gè)玻璃杯是瑪麗弄壞的。(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))2.(theglassisbroken.這個(gè)玻璃杯是壞的。系表結(jié)構(gòu))greatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinchina.(

20、錯(cuò)誤)thedolphinwasdisappearedinthedeepsea.(錯(cuò)誤)4.只有及物動(dòng)詞和可有賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞+介詞詞組才可以有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。greatchangeshavetakenplaceinchina.(正確)eg：thedolphindisappearedinthedeepsea.(正確)五、不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況1.不及物動(dòng)詞不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如：appear，rise，die，happen，breakout，takeplac2.3.表狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如：hold，have，cost，contain，become，looklike等4.某些動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示被動(dòng)，如：

21、themeatiscooking.肉正在煮著。5.主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。1)某些感官動(dòng)詞和系動(dòng)詞接形容詞可以表示被動(dòng)意義，如：look，smell，taste，feel，prove，wear，sound等。eg：herbedroomlooksverycleanandtidy.2)3)動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如：want，deserve，need，require，take，worth等。thebookisworthreading.這本書值得讀。thechildrenneedlookingafter.孩子們需要照顧。4)某些做表語(yǔ)的形容詞后，用不定式主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。theconversat

22、ionishardtounderstand.這個(gè)對(duì)話很難理解。thefishisnoteasytofish.魚不容易上鉤。thepassageisdifficulttoread.這段文章很難讀懂。1.themobilephonehasinfluencedpeopleslifealotsinceit_.a.inventsb.inventedc.isinventedd.wasinvented2.thislisteningmaterial,togetherwithitscd-roms,_well.a.sellsb.sellc.issoldd.aresold3.thesportsmeeting_nex

23、tmonth.a.willholdb.isgoingtoholdc.willbeheld4.excuseme.imlookingforbethebestofyourself.sorry.thebookyouaskfor_out.a.issellingb.issoldc.wassellingd.willbesold5.annie_totheparty.shehadawonderfultimewithus.a.invitesb.isinvitedc.wasinvitedd.hasinvited6.manyhouses_intheearthquakeofapril20,2013inyaan.a.is

24、destroyedb.aredestroyedcwasdestroyedd.weredestroyed7.hanhansbooksarepopular.they_bymanyteenagers.a.isreadb.wasreadc.arereadd.wereread8.teenagers_allowedtodrive.a.shouldnotbeb.shouldbenotc.notshouldbe9.atpresent,oneofthebestwaystostudyisworkingingroups.morechances_tostudentstolearnfromeachother.a.off

25、erb.areofferedc.haveofferedd.areoffering10.iwanttoborrowthebook,butidontknowhowlongitmay_.fortwoweeks.a.keepb.beborrowedc.borrowd.bekept11.manytrees_onthestreetseveryyears.sotheairisveryfreshnow.a.plantb.areplantedc.plantedd.wereplanted12.didntyouseethesignnoparking!ontheright?sorry,ididnt.butnowiknowparking_here.a.wasntallowedb.isntallowedc.wontallowd.doesntallow13.frommay6,pe