新高考2021屆高考英語小題必練19七選五之主旨概括題

1、小題必練19：七選五之主旨概括題主旨概括題主要考查考生對文章或段落進(jìn)行概括的能力，它要求考生在閱讀文章時(shí)，能夠提煉其中心思想，體會作者的寫作意圖，充分運(yùn)用概括能力提取文章的主題、觀點(diǎn)以及作者的情感態(tài)度。這類題通常從兩個(gè)方面設(shè)題：概括文章或段落的主題句或結(jié)論性語句；段落標(biāo)題。【典例】(2020新課標(biāo)節(jié)選)_37_ Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered beca

2、use your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.A. Feeling upset again?B. Where do you start?C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.D. Remember, you are only human. E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.F. Stop comparing yourself with others.G.

3、 When does the comparison game start?【答案】F【解析】本段主要講述不要把自己和別人作比較，因?yàn)樯钍俏覀冏约旱模覀円彩鞘澜缟溪?dú)一無二的。故F. Stop comparing yourself with others.(停止把自己和別人進(jìn)行比較。)可以作為本段中心句，故選F項(xiàng)。AHow do you react to challenges? Do you run and hide, or do you face them with your head held high? Having confidence in yourself can give you

4、 power to face challenges and succeed in the following two aspects of life.1Everyone knows that looking confident during a job interview will help you get the job. Confidence actually can help you in your career. In other words, if you think youll succeed in your workplace, its more likely that you

5、will succeed one day.Social skillsBeing sure of yourself can also make you feel calm when meeting new people. Youll be less afraid of rejection, so youll be free to be yourself. 2. Your nice image will make them more willing to interact with you.But how to develop your confidence? 3. Make a list of

6、your strengths and weaknesses.Being confident doesnt mean you have to be blind to problems you have.But you want balance. Be sure to think of a strength for every weakness you write down. Set goals. Make some goals for your daily tasks. If you could accomplish anything in life, what would it be? Thi

7、nk big but also think smal1. 4. Some of your goals can involve improving the weaknesses you listed. Then youll have one reason fewer to doubt yourself. Look your best. Taking a little time to make yourself look good will help you have a positive attitude. Stand up straight, smile and look people in

8、the eye. 5.Having confidence in yourself takes some effort, but it brings great benefits.A. Know yourselfB. Professional performanceC. Its difficult to build up confidenceD. That makes it easier to make a good impressionE.Write down the problems you often come across in school lifeF.Even getting som

9、ething small done will give you confidence to achieve more goalsG.Act confidently, it wont be long before your feelings follow the three kinds of behaviors【答案】1-5 BDAFG【解析】本文是說明文。文章就如何面對挑戰(zhàn)這一話題，給出了三個(gè)方面的建議。1根據(jù)下文中的關(guān)鍵詞“a job interview”；“workplace”可知，B項(xiàng)“職業(yè)表現(xiàn)”能更好地起到總結(jié)作用。故選B。2D項(xiàng)中的“that”指代上文中的“Youll be less

10、 afraid of rejection, so youll be free to be yourself”，且其中“good impression”與下文中的關(guān)鍵詞匯“nice image”的意思接近。故選D。3該空位于段落開頭，是主題句。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“列出你的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)。自信并不意味著你必須對自己的問題視而不見。但你需要平衡。一定要為你寫下的每一個(gè)弱點(diǎn)想一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)。”本段主要圍繞了解自己的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)展開闡述，由此可知，A項(xiàng)Know yourself（了解自己）切題。故選A。4F項(xiàng)“即使是完成一件小事也會給你實(shí)現(xiàn)更多目標(biāo)的信心”更好地承接上文“要想大事，也要想小事”。故選F。5G項(xiàng)中的“thr

11、ee kinds of behaviors”正好概括上文中的“Stand up straight, smile and look people in the eye（站直，微笑，看著別人的眼睛）”這三種自信的行為。故選G。BSteps to write a good essayIf you ask many people, they will probably say that writing a research paper is challenging. 6._Firstly, choose a topic that you are interested in or a topic you

12、 are curious about, which will motivate you to do the necessary research on it. Meanwhile, for helpful and reliable sources of information, the library is the best resource. Use books, published articles, journals, newspapers and magazines to research your chosen topic.7._ Color code them by topic,

13、and use different-colored highlighters to mark the details so you can find each topic easily. Every time you note something down, write the bibliographical information, including the author, the book title, page numbers used, volume number, publishers name and date of publication.After in-depth rese

14、arch, you can go on to write an outline. With all the notes and important information youve gathered, determine where each topic fits.8._Finishing the outline, you can begin the first draft.9._ You can do more research if you feel like youre lacking information. This is only the first draft, so you

15、can still make changes as you go on.Once you reread your first draft over and over and make the necessary changes you feel you should make, it is time to write your final draft. Make sure that all the vital information is included and that your writing makes sense and has a steady and natural flow a

16、ll throughout.10._ At last, read the final version as many times as you want and even ask a friend or professor to read it too.A. Then, do the research.B. Next, be organized with your notes.C. Simply note which parts will be the beginning, middle and end.D. Once the question has been answered, you c

17、an begin constructing your essay.E. Indeed, it requires thorough research and needs a few basic tips for it to be less challenging.F. This is the part where you put more details into the paper so people can read it and actually understand it.G. Check the spelling and grammatical errors, and every so

18、urce you used is listed in the papers bibliography.【答案】6-10 EBCFG【解析】這是一篇說明文。寫研究論文很有挑戰(zhàn)性，文章主要說明了寫一篇好論文的步驟。6.結(jié)合后文主要介紹了書寫論文的步驟，可推知，本句為肯定上文的說法，說明寫研究論文的確具有挑戰(zhàn)性，以及分析具有挑戰(zhàn)性的原形。上文中challenging可對應(yīng)到E選項(xiàng)中challenging。故E選項(xiàng)“的確，它需要深入的研究和需要一些基本的技巧來降低它的挑戰(zhàn)性”符合語境，故選E。7.本句為本段主旨句，后文主要說明了如何整理筆記，且后文中note something down可對應(yīng)到B選項(xiàng)

19、中your notes。故B選項(xiàng)“其次，整理好你的筆記”符合語境，故選B。8.本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)承接上文說明編寫大綱的步驟，且上文提到了確定每個(gè)主題適合的位置，且論文包括開頭、中間和結(jié)尾，故C選項(xiàng)“簡單地記下哪些部分是開頭，中間和結(jié)尾即可”符合語境，故選C。9.本句屬于過渡句，承接上文說明初稿的意義和目的，上文the first draft可對應(yīng)到F選項(xiàng)中This is the part。故F選項(xiàng)“這是你在論文中加入更多細(xì)節(jié)的部分，以便人們可以閱讀并真正理解它”符合語境，故選F。10.本句應(yīng)當(dāng)承接上文繼續(xù)說明寫終稿的注意事項(xiàng)，故G選項(xiàng)“檢查拼寫和語法錯(cuò)誤，并且你使用的每一個(gè)來源都列在論文的

20、參考書目中”符合語境，故選G。CRunning is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. Given that its so easy to take up the sport, a lot of beginners jump right into running without actually knowing what it takes to establish a healthy routine._11_. If you are just starting out, avoid the follow

21、ing things to help you increase your chances of running success.Doing too much too soonOne of the biggest mistakes beginners make is doing too much too soon. Picking up a new hobby like running is no doubt exciting. Runners need to ease into the sport before increasing the distance._12_._13_Beginner

22、s might think they need to run nearly every day to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldnt be further from the truth._14_,especially for beginners whose muscles and bones havent yet been conditioned for such intense (劇烈的) exercise. So its important to give your body ample rest betw

23、een workouts. Follow a training plan that includes rest days.Comparing yourself to others_15_, Youre excited about running, so you are probably reading running blogs, magazines and message boards where you might start to feel inadequate about your own running pace. Instead of getting down on yoursel

24、f，remember that every runner was once a beginner and use their success as motivation! A. Not running every dayB Not taking rest daysC. Running is a demanding activity which can be really hard on your bodyD. As mentioned, a healthy routine is what they attach importance toE. When starting out with ru

25、nning, its tough not to compare yourself to othersF. Many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (干擾) with training or lead to injuryG. It will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue with your new running routine【答案】11-15 FGBCE【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了對于剛開始跑步的人，要避免哪些事項(xiàng)來提高成功的機(jī)會。11.上文提到的跑步是一項(xiàng)很容易參與的運(yùn)動，所以許多跑步初學(xué)者并沒有形成一套健康的跑步方式。引出下文Many make a number of common mistakes, which