最全初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之-形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)[1]

1、形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)一 .形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化方法如下(1) 符合規(guī)則的：情況加法例詞一般情況直接加 -er ; -estall-taller-tallest以 e 結(jié)尾的詞加 r ; -stnice-nicer-nicest以 “輔音 +y”結(jié)尾的詞變 y 為 i 再加 -er ; -estdry-drier-driestheavy-heavier-heaviest以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的詞輔音字母雙寫(xiě)，再加 -er ; -estthin-thinner-thinnest多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)單詞在詞前加 more ; mostmore deliciousmost delici

2、ous(2)幾個(gè)不規(guī)則的形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)如下表：原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good , wellbetterbestbad , illworseworstmany , muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther / furtherfarthest / furthest二形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)的用法級(jí)別比較程度表達(dá)方式和意義例 句備注原同肯Art is as interesting等定As+ 原級(jí) +asas music.程形(像 一樣 )Play as well as you級(jí)度式can.否定not + so (as) + 原級(jí)+as形(不如那樣 )式不同程度比較

3、級(jí) +than（用于兩(比 )者比較）比較比較級(jí) +and+ 比較級(jí)級(jí)（越來(lái)越）程度加深The + 比較級(jí)， the+ 比較級(jí)（越,越）最高程度The + 最高級(jí) +of最高（用于三(in)級(jí)者或三者(最 )以上）English is not so difficult as science. She does not study so well as I do.Jim is older than Luky.I like pork betterthan beef.He is growing taller and taller.He studies better and better.The mo

4、re books she reads, the better she understand.Spring is the best season of the year. Lin Tao jumped (the) farthest of all.比較級(jí)前面可以加much, far, even, still, a lot, a little, a bit 等副詞最高級(jí)前面的the 往往省略注意：有些形容詞，如dead, empty, round, sure, woolen等受本身含義的限制，沒(méi)有比較級(jí)。例題解析1. He is _ friends than I.A. much moreB. man

5、y moreC. very moreD. too more解析：后面有可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，many 的比較級(jí)形式為many more 修飾。應(yīng)選 B.2. Which is the _ country, Japan or Australia?A. more developedB. more developingC. most developedD. most developing解析： 兩者比較用比較級(jí)，表示 發(fā)達(dá) 用 developed, 而 developing 是 發(fā)展中的 意思3 There were _ shops in the city in 1982 than in 1990.A.

6、littleB. fewC. fewerD. less解析： little不能修飾可數(shù)名詞，兩者比較需用比較級(jí)，所以應(yīng)選C.4. If you are not free today, come another day _.A. tooB. soC. insteadD. yet解析： instead 作副詞用時(shí)意為代替，頂替 ， 表示前面的事情沒(méi)做，而是做了后面的事。 Instead 一般位于句首。應(yīng)選C.5 He cant tell us _, I think.A. important anythingB. anything importantC. important somethingD.

7、something important.解析：不定代詞與形容詞聯(lián)用需后置，否定句中應(yīng)該用anything 而不是 something. 因此應(yīng)選 B6. The Huang River is the second _ river in our country.A. longB. longerC. longestD. the longest解析： 定冠詞 the+ 序數(shù)詞+ 形容詞最高級(jí) 表示 第幾大 應(yīng)選 C.7. The light in the office wasnt _for him to read.A. enough brightB. bright enoughC. brightly

8、D. enough brightly解析： enough 修飾名詞時(shí)可前可后，修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)，要后置。應(yīng)選B.8. There was an accident at the corner. _, the girl wasnt _hurt.A. luckily, badlyB. luck, hardlyC. Lucky, heavilyD. Lucky, strongly解析：第一空修飾全句需用副詞，第二空修飾形容詞hurt 也要用副詞，因此選 A.9. You must keep your eyes _ when you do eye exercises.A. closeB. openC.

9、 closedD., opened解析 : 此處需用形容詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。應(yīng)選 C.10. Five days has passed , but I havent finished half of the work. _,A. alreadyB. stillC. tooD. yet解析： already 與 yet 都可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。Already 常用于肯定句，而 yet 常用與否定句。應(yīng)選D.三形容詞副詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)的其他用法（ 1）和冠詞連用the 形容詞原級(jí)v(復(fù) )，指一類人或物the 形容詞比較級(jí)，指兩者中 “較 的 ”的那一個(gè)， eg. the younger of the t

10、wo a/ an 形容詞比較級(jí) eg. The pen is expensive. I want a cheaper one.( a) most形容詞最高級(jí)“非常 ”eg. a most beautiful city(2) 相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)1)原級(jí)比較：肯定句as .as .否,定句 not so / as.as. .2)比較句： 比較級(jí) than 或. more (less).than .The furniture in this shop is less beautiful than that in that shop.(注意代詞that 的用法 )3) 比較級(jí) and比較級(jí) 或 more and

11、 more比較級(jí) “越來(lái)越”richer and richer, more and more interesting4) The more., the more越 .，“越 ”The more you look at the picture, the better youwill like it.5) 比較級(jí) than any other n. （單） （適用于范圍一致時(shí)）(all) other n.（復(fù)）any n.(單)（適用于范圍不一致時(shí)）He is taller thanany other student / all other students in his class.any st

12、udent in my class.6) 倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B.A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B.A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B.timestwicedouble.The new building is four times the size (the height)of the old one.這座新樓比那

13、座舊樓大三倍（高三倍）。Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亞洲比歐洲大三倍。Your school is three times bigger than ours. 你們的學(xué)校比我們的學(xué)校大三倍。7) more thanrather than “ ” “ ”That little girl is more tired than hungry.那個(gè)小姑娘是累了而不是餓了。She is more a mother than a wife 或 She is more of a mother than a wife.她是賢妻，更是良母。8) A is to

14、B what C is to DABCDAir is to man what water is to fish.空氣對(duì)于人類就像水和魚(yú)的關(guān)系。9) no more than= only“ ” not more than=at most“不多于 ”， “至少 ”，指事實(shí)。no morethan 和 一樣不如單音節(jié)使用比較級(jí)形式not morethan 不比更 no less than= as much as“多達(dá) ”no fewer than= as many asI have no more than five yuan in my pocket.我口袋里的錢(qián)只不過(guò)I have not mor

15、e than five yuan in my pocket.我口袋里的錢(qián)不多于He is no richer than I. 他和我一樣窮。He is no less determined than you.他的決心不亞于你。5 元。5 元。(no less determined than 等于 “其決心不亞于你”，言其大 )He is not less determined than you.他的決心不比你小。(not less determined than 等于 “其決心不小于”，無(wú)言其大或小的含義)10)of/ in/ among .He is the tallest of the t

16、hree/ among them/ in is class.四相關(guān)詞語(yǔ)辨析1.verymuchA ）very 修飾形容詞、 副詞的原級(jí)； much 修飾比較級(jí)； 修飾動(dòng)詞用much 或 very much ,eg. I very like English.( B) 表示狀態(tài)的過(guò)去分詞前用),因改為： I like English very much.very 。a very frightened boy, a very tired child .一般的情況下，以 -ed 結(jié)尾的分詞多用much、 very much / greatly 等修飾。如： We were greatly /much

17、shocked by the news about Tom.C) 已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞的現(xiàn)在分詞前用very 。如： very interesting / worrying / excitingD） too 前用 much/ far , 不用 very。You are much / far / a lot too nice.另外，在 too many/ much, too few / little前用 far。We ve got far too many eggsand far too few egg cups.E)還有修飾詞既不用very,也不用 much.eg. be well worth do

18、ing, be well above the tree2. so和 suchA)sothatsuchthat與的區(qū)別。so +形容詞 /副詞+thatso + 形容詞 + a（n） +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+ thatso + many / much / little / few + 名詞 + thatsuch + a(n)+ 形容詞 +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+ thatsuch +形容詞 +不可數(shù)名詞 + thatsuch +形容詞 +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + that注意： 但當(dāng)little表示小時(shí)用?！?”such如： These are such little boys that they canhemselvest

19、dresst.下列 so 的用法是錯(cuò)誤的：so a difficult problem, so difficult problems, so hot weather。B) some/ any/ every/ no/ each/ all/ another/ several/ few/ many/ one/ two +such+n. eg. no such word3. be too much + n. be much too+ adj.be too much for sb. 對(duì) 太過(guò)分了4. can t be too +adj.= can t be +adj.+ enough無(wú)論都不為“過(guò) ”Y

20、ou can never be careful enough.= You can never be too careful. 你越小心越好。練習(xí)與鞏固選擇最佳答案填空：1 Dont worry, sir. Im sure I can run _ to catch up with them.A. slowly enoughB. enough slowly C. fast enough D. enough fast2.The text is very easy for you. There are _ new words in it.A. a few B. a littleC. fewD. lit

21、tle3.Its such an _ film that all the students are _ in it.A. interesting; interestedB. interested; interestingC. interesting; interestingD. interested; interested; interested4.Mingming got up very _,so he came to school half an hour _.A. late; latelyB. lately; lateC. lately; latelyD. late; late5.I a

22、m _ worried about y parents healthy conditions.A. some timesB. sometimeC. sometimes D. some times6.We dont have _ every day.A. a lot of school worksB. many school workC. any school works D. much schoolwork7. -Look! How fast the two horses are running! -Oh, yes! They are nearly _.A. up and downB. slo

23、wer and slowerC. more or lessD. neck and neck8. _ children there are in family,_ their life will be.A. The less; the betterB. The fewer; the betterC. Fewer; richerD. More; poorer9. Most of the people in Guangdong are getting _.A. more and more richB. more rich and more richC. richer and richerD. ric

24、her and richest10. Which lesson is _, this one or that one?A. difficultB. much difficultC. more difficultD. the most difficult11. A _ accident happened at 7:30 a.m. said the policeman _.A. serious, seriousB. seriously, seriouslyC. seriously, seriousD. serious, seriously12. _ is it from our school to

25、 Lupu Bridge?A. How longB. How oftenC. How farD. How much13. In our city, it is _ in July, but it is even _ in August.A. hotter; hottestB. hot; hotC. hotter; hotD. hot; hotter14. This pencil is _ that one.A. so long asB. as longer as C. longer thanD. not as longest as15. The station is two kilometer

26、s _ the hospital.A. away toB. far awayC. far fromD. away from16. Beijing has _ many buses that there is often a traffic jam in rush hours. A. so B. very C. too D. much17. This box is _ heavy _ I cant carry it.A. too, toB. so, thatC. very, thatD. too, that18. India has the second _ population in the

27、world.A. largerB. mostC. smallestD. largest19. Mary received _ many postcards at Christmas.A. soB. suchC. tooD. even20. The cake smells _. Please throw it away.A. goodB. badlyC. badD. well21. - What was the weather like yesterday?- It was terrible. It rained so _ that people could _ go out.A. hardly

28、hardB. hardlyhardlyC. hardhardlyD. hardhard22. The meeting will be held in half an hour, but they havent got everything ready_.23. - What about the English novel?- Its not very difficult. There are only _ new words in it.A. fewB. a fewC. manyD. a little24. How beautiful she sings! Ive never heard _.

29、A. the better voiceB. a good voiceC. the best voiceD. a better voice25.Mr Smith always has_ to tell us.A. some good pieces of news B. some pieces of good news C.some good piece of news D. some piece of good new 26. Im afraid the headmaster is _ busy to meet the visitors. A. too much B. much too C. s

30、o much D. very much27. - Dad , when will you be free? You agreed to go to the seaside with me four days ago.- I am sorry, Jean. But I think I will have a _ holiday soon.A. four-daysB. four-day C. four daysD. four day28.The scenery in Sanya looks _, especially Tian Ya Hai Jiao is _.A, well, bestB. fi

31、ne, the most famousC. nice, better D. beautifully, the best29.What a _ day it is! Lets go out for a walk.A. windyB. lovelyC. rainyD.cloudy30.Of the two Australian students , Masha is _ one. I think you can find her easily.A, tallestB, the tallerC. tallerD. the tallestKey1-5 CCADC6-10DDBCC11-15 DCDCD

32、16-20 ABDAC 21-25CCADB26-30BBBBBHomework選擇最佳答案填空：1. John told me that _nothing important have ever happened.A. hardlyB. rarelyC. nearlyD. almost2. - Why don t you like the shirt?-Its neck is not big for me at all. Have you got a shirt of this kind with _ neck?3. -The temperature today is 10 below ze

33、ro.- Oh, it s _cold.4. -Do you think him naughty enough?- I m afraid hes _than naughty.A. more cleverB. cleverC. much clever D. much more clever5.Exercise is _as any other to lose unwanted weight.A. so useful a wayB. as a useful wayC. as useful a wayD. such a useful way6.- What s wrong? You seem res

34、tless.-I was reduced to paying _ price for it.A. double theB. double of theC. doubleD. double of7._, the boys were shouting and singing.A.Happy and excitedB. Happily and excitedlyC. To be happy and excitedD. To be happily and excitedly8.I m glad to say that he s already finished _50% of the book in

35、these three days.A. no less thanB. no more thanC. not more thanD. much less than9.I ll get there by six, if_.A. not soonerB. no soonerC. not more quicklyD. no quick10. The US is about the same size as China, but its population is five times _.A.as littleB. smallerC. as fewD. fewer11. -Is this _book?

36、- Yes, it s _whatafterI. mA. the very; justB. the just; exactlyC. a very; justD. the right; only12.He has given up drinking. He drinks _.A. never againB. not any moreC. no moreD. once again13.He hurried away, _to meet his old friend.A. looking forwardB. hopedC. anxiouslyD. eager14.Everything was ver

37、y expensive. I didn t buy _fruit, but I ve got some _apples.A. any; big redB. any; red bigC. much; big redD. some ; red big15. -Are you going to the football game?-No, the tickets are _expensive for me.A. very muchB. so muchC. far tooD. highly16. We ll have to wait a _two weeks to know the examinati

38、on result.A. otherB. furtherC. anotherD. more17. The little town has now grown into a modern big city, and is _ what it used to be.A.twice the size thanB. two times the size asC. twice the size asD. twice the size of18. The living carried away the dead and the healthy helped _.A. the illB. the woundedC. the braveD. the rich19.He likes going fishing. He usually uses a _.A. bamboo long fishing poleB. long bamboo fishing poleC. pole long bamboo and fishingD. bamboo fishing long pole20.He was the _at that moment.A. only awake personB. only person awa