英美概況（第二版）USA chapter 1 Brief Introduction to the United States of America

1、An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Chapter 1 Brief Introduction to the United States of America An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Warming-upWarming-up 1 1 New words and expressionsNew words and expressions 2 2 Brief IntroductionBrief Intro

2、duction 3 3 GeographyGeography 4 4 PopulationPopulation and Languagesand Languages 5 Contents An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Warming-up the symbols of USA An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA New words and expressions contiguous: adj. ver

3、y close or connected in space or time 鄰近的，接觸的，連續(xù)的 California and Mexico are contiguous. insular: adj. relating to or characteristic of or situated on an island 島的，島民的， 島特有的 archipelago: n. a group of many islands in a large body of water 群島，多島海 ethnically: adv. with respect to ethnicity人種上，民族上 ratif

4、ication: n. making something valid by formally ratifying or confirming it 批準(zhǔn)，認(rèn)可 An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA New words and expressions agrarian: adj. relating to rural matters土地的，耕地的， 有關(guān)土地的 The agrarian reform enabled us to form an alliance with the peasants on th

5、e basis of democracy and enabled them to obtain land. dissolution: n. separation into component parts 分解 The President announced the dissolution of Parliament. peninsula: n. a large mass of land projecting into a body of water半島 Pray for newly established Churches to be a great blessing to this Arab

6、ian Peninsula nation. An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA New words and expressions hinge: n. a joint that holds two parts together so that one can swing relative to the other鉸鏈;樞紐；關(guān)鍵 The door is joined by hinge. precipitation: n. the quantity of water falling to earth a

7、t a specific place within a specified period of time墜落，沉淀， 凝結(jié)；冰雹 There will be precipitation on northern hills tonight. diminish: vt. decrease in size, extent, or range使減少；使 變小 No man and no thing can interfere with your use of this power or diminish your spare of it. An Outline of the UK and the US

8、AAn Outline of the UK and the USA New words and expressions elevation: n. the event of something being raised upward 海拔；高地；提高；正面圖；崇高 Mountaineers sometimes have to use oxygen at this elevation. deciduous: adj. (of plants and shrubs) shedding foliage at the end of the growing season每年落葉的，非永久性的 vegeta

9、tion: n. all the plant life in a particular region or period植物，草木；植被 Groundwater is an important affecting factor for vegetation variation. precision: n. the quality of being reproducible in amount or performance精確；精度，精密度 These precision machines look like toys. An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Ou

10、tline of the UK and the USA Brief Introduction An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Brief Introduction Area: 9372614 square km Coastline: 22680 km From east to west : about 4500 km From north to south: about 2700 km Lowest sea-level: -86m (Death Valley) Highest sea-level:

11、 6193m Mt. Mckinley An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Brief Introduction National Flag Stripes: 13 horizontal stripes of red alternating with white representing the original thirteen colonies Stars: a blue rectangle bearing 50 small, white, five-pointed stars arranged

12、in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars alternating with rows of five stars, representing the 50 U.S. states Nicknames: the stars and stripes, Old Glory, the American flag, and the star-spangled banner An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA 5/16/202111 US Great SealUS G

13、reat Seal always ready for war a strong desire for peace a preference for peace E Pluribus Unum Out of Many, One Traditional motto of America a new nation taking its place among other sovereign states The shield: a blue Chief: the Congress blue: vigilance, perseverance & justice white: purity and in

14、nocence red: hardiness & valour on the breast of an Eagle: the US relies on their own Virtue. Number 13: 13 original states Bald eagle: National bird An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Brief Introduction National Bird: Bald Eagle (白頭鷹白頭鷹) An Outline of the UK and the US

15、AAn Outline of the UK and the USA Brief Introduction National Flower: ROSE (玫瑰花玫瑰花) The rose became the official flower of the United States in 1986. The rose is believed to be the symbol of love, beauty, peace, friendship, bravery and sacrifice. An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK

16、and the USA Brief Introduction National Tree: Oak (橡樹橡樹) An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Brief Introduction US National Anthem The Star Spangled Banner (1) O! say can you see by the dawns early light What so proudly we hailed at the twilights last gleaming. Whose bro

17、ad stripes and bright stars through the perilous fight, Oer the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming. And the rockets red glare, the bombs bursting in air, Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there. Oh, say does that star-spangled banner yet wave Oer the land of the free

18、and the home of the brave? 哦，你可看見，透過一線曙光， 我們對著什么，發(fā)出歡呼的聲浪？ 誰的闊條明星，冒著一夜炮火， 依然迎風(fēng)招展，在我軍碉堡上？ 火炮閃閃發(fā)光，炸彈轟轟作響， 它們都是見證，國旗安然無恙。 你看星條旗不是還高高飄揚(yáng) 在這自由國家，勇士的家鄉(xiāng)？ An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Brief Introduction US National Anthem The Star Spangled Banner (2) On the shore, dimly see

19、n through the mists of the deep, Where the foes haughty host in dread silence reposes, What is that which the breeze, oer the towering steep, As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses? Now it catches the gleam of the mornings first beam, In full glory reflected now shines in the stream: Ti

20、s the star-spangled banner! Oh long may it wave Oer the land of the free and the home of the brave! 透過稠密的霧，隱約望見對岸， 頑敵正在酣睡，四周沉寂闌珊。 微風(fēng)斷斷續(xù)續(xù)，吹過峻崖之巔， 你說那是什么，風(fēng)中半隱半現(xiàn)？ 現(xiàn)在它的身上，映著朝霞爛漫， 凌空照在水面，霎時紅光一片。 這就是星條旗，愿它永遠(yuǎn)飄揚(yáng) 在這自由國家，勇士的家鄉(xiāng)。 An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Brief Introductio

21、n US National Anthem The Star Spangled Banner (3) And where is that band who so vauntingly swore That the havoc of war and the battles confusion, A home and a country should leave us no more! Their blood has washed out their foul footsteps pollution. No refuge could save the hireling and slave From

22、the terror of flight, or the gloom of the grave: And the star-spangled banner in triumph doth wave Oer the land of the free and the home of the brave! 都到哪里去了，信誓旦旦的人們？ 他們向往的是能在戰(zhàn)爭中幸存， 家鄉(xiāng)和祖國，不要拋棄我們。 他們自己用血，洗清骯臟的腳印。 那些奴才、傭兵，沒有地方藏身， 逃脫不了失敗和死亡的命運(yùn)。 但是星條旗卻將要永遠(yuǎn)飄揚(yáng) 在這自由國家，勇士的家鄉(xiāng)。 An Outline of the UK and the US

23、AAn Outline of the UK and the USA Geography Climate Geography Location and Area Topograghy Rivers and Lakes Mountains and Hills An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Location and Area The United States is situated in the central part of North America. It is bounded by Cana

24、da on the north and by Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico on the south with the Atlantic Ocean on the east and Pacific Ocean on the west. An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Climate 1) The main feature: varied temperate zone & mild subtropical zone 2) From East to West: A. No

25、rtheast coast & the Great Lakes areas: temperate B. Southeast & the Gulf plain: subtropic C. The Central plain:continental climate 3) Disastrous weather Hurricane， tornado，snowstorm An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Topograghy (1) The eastern part is made of the highla

26、nds formed by the Appalachian Range. (2) The western part consists of high plateaus and mountains formed by the Great Cordillera Range. (3) Between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachians lies the central plain which occupies one second of Americas landmass on the continent. An Outline of the UK an

27、d the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Topograghy An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Topograghy An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Rivers and Lakes The Mississippi River is the largest river in America, over 6000 kilometers. The Mississi

28、ppi has been called father of waters“ or old man river“. An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Rivers and Lakes The Three Major River systems (1) The Mississippi River is the longest and the most important river in the system of the Gulf. (2) There are no long river in the

29、 system of the Atlantic. (3) In the system of the Pacific, there are two major rivers: the Columbia River and the Colorado River. (4) The five Great Lakes An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Rivers and Lakes The total area of five lakes: 245660 sqkm Name Area (sqkm) most

30、 dept（m） Superior （蘇必利爾湖蘇必利爾湖） 82103 405 Huron（休倫湖休倫湖） 59570 229 Michigan（密歇根湖密歇根湖） 57757 281 Erie（伊利湖伊利湖） 25667 64 Ontario（安大略湖安大略湖） 19554 244 An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Mountains and Hills The Rocky Mountains The Appalachian Mountains An Outline of the UK and

31、the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Mountains and Hills The Rocky Mountains： They are located in western North America. They are know for their beautiful scenery with mountains, trees and big game. People visit the Rockies for many recreational activities like hiking, hunting, camping, skiing an

32、d lots of other sports. An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Mountains and Hills The Appalachian Mountains An Outline of the UK and the USAAn Outline of the UK and the USA Population u The current U.S.A. population is over 311 million people (311,800,000 in mid-2011) so the United States has the worlds third largest population (following China and India). u They are the Caucasian (8.4%), the black (13%)，the Mexican, the Arab, the Puerto Rican（波多黎各人, the Indian, the Chinese people and so on. u Official language is English