定語(yǔ)從句長(zhǎng)難句解析

1、精品辦公文檔定語(yǔ)從句之長(zhǎng)難句解析1. It was what sen time ntalists call a year ning after theideal, and means that women they are not satisfiedun til they have husba nds and childre n.【要點(diǎn)】 who 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 who deal in very big words用來(lái)修飾sen time ntalists （ 情感主義者）whom 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 on whom theymay center affections用來(lái)修飾husba nds a

2、nd childre no which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句which arespent elsewhere,as itwere,in small changes用來(lái)修飾affecti ons【譯文】一般情感主義者喜歡用大字眼，稱(chēng)之為對(duì)于理想愛(ài)情的渴望。換言之，他們認(rèn)為女人的情感平時(shí)只能零星發(fā)泄,必須有了丈夫和孩子，情感收聚起來(lái)有了歸宿，自己才能得到滿(mǎn)足。2. . Smart cards, which can carry as much as 80 times morein formati onon them tha nconven tio nalcards with amagneticstripe,

3、are already widely used in Europeancoun tries where cen tralized banks can roll out new serviceson a n ati on wide basis.【要點(diǎn)】 本句為簡(jiǎn)單復(fù)合句。句架為 Smart cards, which，arealready widely used in European coun tries where.。which為關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 修飾smart cards ; where為關(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句 修飾countries nationwide:全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)的。rol

4、l out:本意為展開(kāi)（卷起之物），此處為引申義，指展開(kāi)工作?！咀g文】智能卡載有的信息量是普通磁卡信息載量的80多倍，已經(jīng)在歐洲各國(guó)廣泛使用，因而使歐洲各國(guó)中央銀行得以在全國(guó)范圍展開(kāi)新型的服務(wù)。3. We may define chemistry as the scienee in which we dealwith the chemical cha nge in matter as a result of which it isp ossible to form a new substa nee.【要點(diǎn)】本句中有兩個(gè)由 which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句：第一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是scienee,而不是

5、chemistry;第二個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是 chemical change, 而不是 result 或 matter?！咀g文】 我們可以說(shuō)，化學(xué)是論述物質(zhì)化學(xué)變化的科學(xué)，通過(guò)化學(xué)變化可能獲得新的物質(zhì)4. Time goes fast for one who has a sense of beauty, whenthere are p retty childre n in a pool and a young Diana on theedge, to receive with won der any thi ng you can catch!【要點(diǎn)】本句由一個(gè)主句（Time goes fast

6、）、兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句（who.禾n you can catch)禾B個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句 (when.)組成。you can catch前省略了 that。按照先發(fā)生的事情先敘述以及條件在先結(jié)果在后的漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣，翻譯時(shí)應(yīng)采用逆序法?！咀g文】對(duì)一個(gè)有美感，能以好奇心接收你所能抓到的任何東西的人來(lái)說(shuō)，時(shí)間總是過(guò)得很快，比如當(dāng)戲水池里有幾個(gè)可愛(ài)的孩子，池邊還有一位如黛安娜似的年輕女子時(shí)前置法：如果定語(yǔ)從句較短，限制能力較強(qiáng)，一般我們將此類(lèi)定語(yǔ)從句譯成帶“的”的定語(yǔ)詞組，放在被修飾的先行詞的前面。后置法：如果定語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜，譯成前置的定語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)顯得太長(zhǎng)而不符合漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣時(shí)，我們往往把定語(yǔ)從句與主句分譯， 譯成后

7、置的并列分句5n the railroads p rime years, betwee n 1890 and 1920,there were a few in dividuals in the Un ited States, most of them with solid railroadi ng exp erie nee beh ind them, who made a pro fessi on of writi ng about railroad ing - works offeri ng the ambie nee of stati ons, yards, and locomotive

8、cabs【解析】(同位語(yǔ) most of them ;定語(yǔ)從句 who made a profession of writi ng)分句 1. there were a few in dividuals in the Un ited States句 2. most of them with solid railroading experienee behindthem分句 3. who made a profession of writing about railroading分句 4. works offering the ambienee of stations, yards, and l

9、ocomotive cabs1是主句2和3是嵌套 2作為1中a few individuals 的同位語(yǔ),對(duì)它進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)明【譯文】在1890年到1920年間鐵路的黃金時(shí)期，美國(guó)有幾個(gè)人（他們大多有豐富的鐵路經(jīng)驗(yàn)）以寫(xiě)鐵路題材為職業(yè)一一作品圍繞車(chē)站、停車(chē)場(chǎng)和機(jī)車(chē)。6n agriculture, the tran sformatio n was marked by the emerge nee of the grain elevators, the cott on p resses, the warehouses, and the commodity exeha nges that seemed

10、 to so many of the n ati ons farmers the visible sig n of a vast consp iracy aga inst them【解析】（特殊結(jié)構(gòu)marked by ;定語(yǔ)從句that seemed thevisible sign )分句 1 : In agriculture, the transformation was marked by theemerge nee of the grain elevators, the cott on p resses, thewarehouses, and the commodity excha ng

11、es分句 2: that seemed to so many of the nations farmers thevisible sig n of a vast consp iracy aga inst them分句1是整個(gè)長(zhǎng)句子的主句，其中賓語(yǔ)部分是由幾個(gè)并列短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的。分句2是分句1的定語(yǔ)從句，進(jìn)一步解釋了這些東西何以成為了“標(biāo)志”，1和2嵌套。【譯文】在農(nóng)業(yè)上，這一變化的標(biāo)志是谷物升降機(jī)、皮棉打包機(jī)廠、貨棧和商品交換的出現(xiàn)，對(duì)全國(guó)的眾多農(nóng)民來(lái)說(shuō)它們是反對(duì)農(nóng)民的大陰謀的明顯標(biāo)志。7. And there were factories in occ up ati ons such as me

12、talwork where in dividual con tractors p resided over what were esse ntially han dicraft prop rietorsh ips that coexisted withi n a sin gle buildi ng【解析】（where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；what引導(dǎo)的從句作presided over的賓語(yǔ)） 分句 1 : And there were factories in occupations such as metalwork分句 2: where in dividual con tractors p resided over分句 3: what were esse ntially han dicraft prop rietorshi ps分句 4: that coexisted within a single building分句1是整個(gè)長(zhǎng)句子的主句，分句2是分句1的定語(yǔ)從句，分句3是2的賓語(yǔ)從句分句4是3的定語(yǔ)從句。1和2嵌套，2和3嵌套，3和4 嵌套.【譯文】仍然有像金屬制造廠一類(lèi)的工廠，在那里個(gè)體承包商管理在同一幢樓里的本質(zhì)上是手工藝品