[語言類考試復(fù)習資料大全]劍橋商務(wù)英語中級模擬109

1、書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟。祝愿天下莘莘學(xué)子：學(xué)業(yè)有成，金榜題名！語言類考試復(fù)習資料大全劍橋商務(wù)英語中級模擬109劍橋商務(wù)英語中級模擬109READINGPART ONE A Salinas outlines the key qualities of good management m this autobiography. He believes that decisions should be based on facts, not opinions; that peoples strengths should be exploited; and that disagreement i

2、s sometimes necessary. But the main point he makes is that leadership means performing well at all times and setting a good example B In this collection of essays, top business leaders predict how businesses will change over the next few years. They analyse changes in business and society and their

3、efforts on job markets, as well as taking a look at possible strengths and weaknesses of leading economics and their currencies. This collection outlines a vision of tomorrows business world and the type of leaders that will be required. C This book is a well-researched study of the problem of leade

4、rship in global quoted companies, 160 international business leaders were asked how they added value to their companies and their answers form the main part of this book. Both managers and companies are analysed in order to show how they cope with difficult issues. A useful book for all senior manag

5、ers. D 100 well-known US business leaders through this century are described in this book, which analyses how their fortunes were made and sometimes lost. The background, business career, character and personal life of each individual are outlined, creating an impressive collection of biographies an

6、d an excellent reference work. 1. This book looks at how large companies deal with various problem areas.答案:C2. In this book you learn about the lives of business leaders from the past.答案:D3. This is a book about one business leaders experiences.答案:A4. This book describes both successes and failures

7、.答案:D5. This book suggests probable trends in the business world.答案:B6. The writer of this book gives his personal views of what makes a good business leader.答案:A7. This book is based on interviews with business leaders.答案:CPART TWO Decision Making Psychology Made Simple Decisions decisions! Underst

8、anding decision making psychology can enable you to reach a conclusion quicker. Whether its choosing a holiday destination, or project to fund. youll find this outline of decision making psychology a useful addition to your management toolkit. Making up your own mind should (in theory at least) be t

9、he easiest after all, theres only one person involved! So well skip onto the more challenging area of group decision making. Somehow. out of the personality clashes,power struggles and hidden agendas, a perfect solution is expected to emerge. In group decision making, there are a number of methods t

10、hat can be applied, 1 The methods that are closer to the directive range, mean that the decision is made by a limited, small number of decision makers in the group. The methods that are lower on the spectrum.towards the participatory range, mean that the decision is made by all the parties involved.

11、 Individual Dominance is where one person in the group has the authority or power to make the final decision. Minority Minority usually takes the form of decisions delegated from larger groups and made by sub-committees. Majority Rules usually involve the group voting on the alternatives and the alt

12、ernative receiving the most votes, wins. Consensus is achieved through group discussion of the alternatives, where every group member can agree on an option and commit to the outcome. Directive decision making is great when time is tight and decisions need made fast, The risk is that decisions made

13、by one person are owned by one person. People affected by the decision can soon make their feelings known by their actions. 2 If there is a low or negative bank account between people involved, there may be trouble ahead! 3 In simple terms, people want to be involved.Regardless of power or status, k

14、nowing you have control and influence over your working life increases satisfaction and productivity. It is well known in the caring professions that offering choice helps speed recovery. The bed-bound patient who is asked whether they want their curtains open or closed, or has a plant to care for.

15、fares better than those whose life is entirely managed by other people,Involving more people in decision making is risky. It takes more time. It requires skilled facilitation. It doesnt guarantee success. 4 Decision making psychology is simple-involvement gets results. Although power struggles, pers

16、onality clashes and hidden agendas are scary territory, over time,power dissipates, people get on and agendas become more transparent. 5 The decision to work this way is yours! ATo increase your chance of a decision being accepted, a more participatory approach is recommended. BBut what it does do,

17、is increase the likelihood of decisions being owned and acted upon by enough people for a positive change to be effected. CThese methods map out along a spectrum,from directive to participatory decision making. DInvest some time in learning group decision making techniques and getting facilitation e

18、xperience and you will get results. EIf there is a high emotional bank account between people involved, the decision may be accepted although not liked. FCorporate executives have come to learn that to be effective, doing good must be grounded in a firms long-term strategy. GSo well skip onto the mo

19、re challenging area of group decision making. 1.答案:C做題時首先要清楚，選項C中的指代性信息“these methods”一定需要在其前或后有線索來說明指代的具體內(nèi)容。從第8個空格所在的上下文看，其前一句“there are a number of methods that can be applied”提到了核心詞“methods”，而其后兩句分別再次出現(xiàn)了該核心詞，而且還有三個在題干C出現(xiàn)的詞“directive”、“participatory”和“spectrum”(“The methods that are closer to dire

20、ctive range”“the methods that are lower。on the spectrum，towards the participatory range”)，因此可以判斷C是本題的答案。2.答案:E本題的關(guān)鍵也在于理解空格處與其前后句子間的邏輯關(guān)系。在空格前一句說到“受決策影響的人可以通過行動顯示其情感”，而之后一句則是一個條件假設(shè)“如果在相關(guān)人員之間的情感賬戶儲蓄低或呈赤字，就會有麻煩?！?If there is a low or negative bank account between people involved，there may be trouble ahe

21、ad!)，選項E也給的是一個條件假設(shè)(If there is a highbank account between people involved)，情景相反，與它形成對比，故本題選E。3.答案:A本題作為段首句，解題的關(guān)鍵主要看空格后的句子所表達的意思，“簡而言之，人們想?yún)⑴c進來”，這說明其前一句是有關(guān)人們參與到什么事物或過程中來的。用短語“In simple terms”做引子，往往表示其后面的句子是對前面所說內(nèi)容進行解釋，句子意思一樣，只不過換了一種說法而已。選項A中的“a (more)：participatory approach”意思就是have people involved，因此

22、選A。4.答案:B選項B用轉(zhuǎn)折詞“But”引出，說明表達的意思與前面完全不同，從強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)“what it does do”(它的確做到的)可推斷前面一句應(yīng)該是“what it does not do”，表示做不到的。在第11空的前面我們看到的句子是“It doesnt guarantee success”(它不確保成功)，正好與選項B所表達的意思形成對比，因此可以毫不猶豫地選擇B。5.答案:D本題所在段落是文章的結(jié)尾，作者首先總結(jié)說“決策心理比較簡單參與得到結(jié)果”，然后指出，雖然有如權(quán)利斗爭、性格沖突等各種問題，但是逐漸地，“權(quán)利淡化，人們?nèi)谇⑾嗵?，議事日程變得更透明，”在這樣的前提下，作者再

23、做出選項D所描述的假設(shè)，就顯得自然而然了。PART THREE THE DIFFICULTIES OF MANAGING A SMALL BUSINESS The organizational weaknesses that entrepreneurs have to deal with every day would cause the managers of a mature company to panic, Andrew Bidden wrote recently in Boston Business Review. This seems to suggest that the lea

24、ders of entrepreneurial or small businesses must be unlike other manages, or the problems faced by such leaders must be the subject of a specialized body of wisdom, or possibly both. Unfortunately, neither is true. Not much worth reading about managing the entrepreneurial or small business has been

25、written, and the leaders of such businesses are made of flesh and blood, like the rest of us. Furthermore, little has been done to address the aspects of entrepreneurial or small businesses that are so difficult to deal with and so different from the challenges faced by management in big business. I

26、n part this is because those involved in gathering expertise about business and in selling advice to businesses have historically been more interested in the needs of big business. In part, in the UK at least, it is also because small businesses have always preferred to adapt to changing circumstanc

27、es. The organizational problems of entrepreneurial or small businesses are thus forced upon the individuals who lead them. Even more so than for bigger businesses, the old saying is true-that people, particularly those who make the important decisions, are business most important asset. The research

28、 that does exist shows that neither money nor the ability to access more of it is the major factor determining growth. The main reason an entrepreneurial business stops growing is the lack of management and leadership resource available to the business when it matters. Give an entrepreneur an experi

29、enced, skilled team and he or she will find the funds every time. Getting the team, though, is the difficult bit. Part of the problem for entrepreneurs is the speed of change that affects their businesses. They have to cope with continuous change yet have always been suspicious about the latest mana

30、gement solution. They regard the many offerings from business schools as out of date even before they leave the planning board and have little faith in the recommendations of consultants when they arrive in the hands of young, inexperienced graduates. But such impatience with management solutions do

31、es not mean that problems can be left to solve themselves. However, the leaders of growing businesses are still left with the problem of who to turn to for advice. The answer is horribly simple: leaders of small businesses can ask each other. The collective knowledge of a group of leaders can prove

32、to be enormously helpful in solving the specific problems of individuals. One leaders problems have certainly been solved already by someone else. There is an organization called KITE which enables those responsible for small businesses to meet. Its members, all of whom are chief executives, go thro

33、ugh a demanding selection process, and then join a small group of other chief executives. They come from a range of business sectors and each offers a different corporate history. Each group is led by a moderator, an independently selected businessman or woman who has been specially trained to head

34、the group. Each member takes it in turn to host a meeting at his or her business premises and, most important of all, group discussions are kept strictly confidential. This encourages a free sharing of problems and increases the possibility of solutions being discovered. 1. What does the writer say

35、about entrepreneurs in the first paragraph?A.It is wrong to assume that they are different from other managers.B.The problems they have to cope with are specific to small businesses.C.They find it difficult to attract staffs with sufficient expertise.D.They could learn from the organizational skills

36、 of managers in large companies.答案:A2. According to the second paragraph, what has led to a lack of support for entrepreneurs?A.Entrepreneurs have always preferred to act independently.B.The requirements of big businesses have always taken priority.C.It is difficult to find solutions to the problems

37、 faced by entrepreneurs.D.Entrepreneurs are reluctant to provide information about their businesses.答案:B3. What does the writer say about the expansion of small businesses?A.Many small businesses do not produce enough profits to finance growth.B.Many employees in small businesses have problems worki

38、ng as part of a team.C.Being able to recruit the right people is the most important factor affecting growth.D.Leaders of small businesses lack the experience to make their companies a success.答案:C4. What does the writer say is an additional problem for entrepreneurs in the fourth paragraph?A.They re

39、ly on management systems that are out of date.B.They will not adopt measures that provide long-term solutions.C.They have little confidence in the business advice that is available.D.They do not take market changes into account when drawing up business plans.答案:C5. What does the writer say the membe

40、rs of the KITE organization provide?A.Advice on how to select suitable staff.B.A means of contacting potential clients.C.A simple checklist for analyzing problems.D.Direct experience of a number of industries.答案:D6. The writer says that KITE groups are likely to succeed because _.A.Members are able

41、to elect their leader.B.The leaders have received extensive training.C.Members are encouraged to adopt a critical approach.D.Information is not passed on to non-members.答案:APART FOUR The move to self-service has meant that in many shops, fewer tasks are now performed by store assistants.Typical task

42、s which remain are making sure that shelves and counters are fully 1 taking the customers payment, and 2 the purchases.However, in some shops, the more traditional selling skills are still important.In larger stores, it is normal for a range of 3 to be rotated among staff, giving greater work variet

43、y. Every customer has different 4 and different reasons for coming into the store.Some know 5 what they want, ask for it and buy it.Many, however,are not sure, and if they are not 6 correctly they may go somewhere else to buy.The store assistant must 7 when and how to offer help, and gain the custom

44、ers confidence with the 8 amount of questioning about what they are looking for.They can then give information and advice about the products which might 9 the customers requirements.This demands both communication skills and knowledge of the product.Finally, they have to persuade the customer to mak

45、e the 10 to buy, and close the deal If the customer is just 11 the store assistant needs to offer efficient and friendly service, hoping that the customer will return when he or she is ready to buy.It is worth remembering that many stores depend on their 12 customers for a large part of their 13 . T

46、he actual tasks of a store assistant vary with the type of goods sold.In a mens outfitters these could include 14 a customer for a suit.In an electronics store,it is vital to be able to 15 how a computer or hi-fi unit works and to ensure that the customer has any accessories they might need. 1.A.sto

47、redB.providedC.stockedD.packed答案:C解析 這里是在形容店員以前的基本職責，首先就是要確保貨物整齊碼好。故選C。2.A.watchingB.surroundingC.enclosingD.covering答案:A解析 和上題類似，這里也是在形容店員以前的基本職責，這里想表達的意思是監(jiān)視購買。故選A。3.A.actsB.dutiesC.requirementsD.actions答案:B解析 根據(jù)上下文，這里需要表達工作職責。故選B。4.A.needsB.necessitiesC.targetsD.incentives答案:A解析 根據(jù)句意理解這里說明不同的消費者有不

48、同的需求，不同的進店原因。因此，這里需要一個表示需要的詞語。故選A。5.A.obviouslyB.surelyC.carefullyD.exactly答案:D解析 根據(jù)句意理解，有些顧客很清楚自己想要什么，然后就買什么。這里需要一個表示清楚方面的詞語。故選D。6.A.conductedB.treatedC.servicedD.controlled答案:C解析 根據(jù)句意理解，這里說明大部分顧客毫無目的，如果服務(wù)得不好，他們就會去別家。因此，這里需要填寫服務(wù)的詞語。故選C。7.A.assessB.validateC.testD.question答案:A解析 這里采用排除法。c和D意思類似，選項B的

49、意思是“使有效”，放在此處，不合適。選項A的意思是“評價，估計”。放在這里的意思是：店員必須自己評價何時提供服務(wù)，以及如何提供服務(wù)。故選A。8.A.adequateB.calculateC.rightD.just答案:C解析 根據(jù)文義理解，這里需要說明合適數(shù)量的問題，以確定顧客需要什么。故選C。9.A.balanceB.suitC.equalD.reach答案:B解析 根據(jù)句意，這里是說正合消費者的要求，因此，這里需要填入表示“適合，合適”的詞語。故選B。10.A.decisionB.conclusionC.contractD.engagement答案:A解析 make the decisio

50、n to do固定短語，意思是“下定決心做某事”。故選A。11.A.reviewingB.observingC.lookingD.watching答案:C解析 根據(jù)句意理解，這里表示如果消費者僅僅只是看，因此，此處需要一個表示看的詞語。A選項意思是“復(fù)習，檢查”，B和D選項意思是“觀察”，意思都不對。故選C。12.A.regularB.constantC.continuousD.fixed答案:A解析 根據(jù)意思，這里需要填入固定消費者，也就是熟客。故選A。13.A.proceedsB.businessC.assetsD.dealings答案:B解析 選項A意思是“程序，手續(xù)”，選項B意思是“生

51、意”，選項C意思是“資產(chǎn)”，選項D意思是“交易”。這里符合意思的應(yīng)該是B，指的是這些商店的營業(yè)額。故選B。14.A.gradingB.ratingC.estimatingD.measuring答案:D解析 measure這里的意思是量體裁衣，表示給顧客量尺寸。故選D。15.A.presentB.proveC.demonstrateD.acknowledge答案:C解析 這里需要使用一個表示“演示、展示”的詞語。故選C。PART FIVE A Memo to Some Marketing Directors Re: New Ad Campaign Development of our next

52、magazine advertising campaign is underway, our new advertising firm, Marshall and Dupree, has have prepared two contrasting 34. approaches for us to consider. We must ought choose between these two35. concepts at this stage so that Marshall and Dupree can continue the36. development of our choice. D

53、evelopment of two both approaches beyond this37. stage is prohibitively expensive. Therefore, I am enclosing two sketches which38. are intended to give you an my idea of what the final, photographed ads39. would look like. As you will see from the first sketch, this ad reflects our40. the traditiona

54、l advertising approach of presenting our automobiles in an41. attractive setting that would appeal to affluent customers. This particular42. ad shows our spirit model and they associates it with an active, sporting couple.43. To using a new departure for the second ad, Marshall and Dupree has respon

55、ded44. it to the current demand for high quality workmanship, The quote from the45. assembly line worker is intended to instill confidence in the excellence ofour products. In addition, the ad has the effect of humanizing our company in theeyes of the public.1.答案:ought must相當于ought to。2.答案:CORRECT 沒有錯誤。3.答案:two two與both重復(fù)，去掉。4.答案:CORRECT沒有錯誤。5.答案:myan與my同修飾idea，重復(fù)。6.答案:CORRECT 沒有錯誤。7.答案:the the與our不同用。去掉the8.答案:CORRECT 沒有錯誤。9.答案:theyassociate的主語是This particular ad show，不是they。10.答案:to using是動詞ing形式，去掉to。11.答案:itrespond to，對作出反應(yīng)。12