地球信息科學(xué)與技術(shù)(地質(zhì)學(xué)類)本科專業(yè)規(guī)范（Scientific and technical (geology) undergraduate professional standard）

1、地球信息科學(xué)與技術(shù)(地質(zhì)學(xué)類)本科專業(yè)規(guī)范（Scientific and technical (geology) undergraduate professional standard）Scientific and technical (geology) undergraduate professional standard2010-09-30 geophysical and geological teaching sub-committeeThe history, status and development of educationSince cole (1998) proposed th

2、e concept of digital earth, the earth information science and technology caused wide attention throughout the world, and has set up a mineral resources in research, environmental monitoring, water and soil resources evaluation, disaster monitoring and assessment, city construction planning and inves

3、tment environment and risk assessment, the government and the military decision-making, etc, showing a strong advantage and vitality. However, how to get the huge rock the earth observation and digital information, reveal the occurrence of all kinds of material flow and energy flow in the interior o

4、f the earth development rule, can be said to be the major challenges faced by the earth information science, and earth information science and the important development direction of the corresponding information processing technology. In response to these challenges, talent cultivation is the comman

5、ding point. In our country, the geographic information system (GIS) specialized in geography subject, only focused on the surface of the earth and the talent of professional knowledge of the fluid part of the earth, in the earths surface under all kinds of information processing and the correspondin

6、g application software development. Therefore, it is necessary to cultivate the knowledge of solid earth science and to master the new-type earth science talents with information science and technology. To this end, the ministry of education of institutions of higher learning earth science teaching

7、steering committee of geophysics and geology engineering teaching subcommittee held meetings in 2001 and 2002, respectively, for discussion, put forward in the geological Settings earth information science and technology undergraduate professional advice. By 2003, zhejiang university, China universi

8、ty of geosciences, ocean university of China, tongji university, zhongnan university and other universities had declared the major and began to recruit students.1. Overview of major subjects of this majorEarth information Science (Geo - information Science) is the earth Science and information Scien

9、ce combine to form a new subject of earth Science its tasks from the Angle of the information flow of earth material properties and spatial distribution, as well as the occurrence and development of earth material flow and energy flow process and evolution law, so as to achieve for human resources,

10、environment, society, the purpose of the implementation of macroeconomic regulation and control.The earth information science has been put forward since the disciplines of research has been focused on the earth surface and the fluid, and the main reasons why the current information technology have y

11、et to be rapid and mass to get information about solid the earths interior. Humans, however, in the last more than two centuries, the formation of the solid earth observation and research of the information about the interior of the earth, in fact has a few astronomical, the question is how to conve

12、rt the knowledge of the geology information, to modern earth information system can process digital information, and on this basis, the modern information analysis technology combined with geological process of research, to reveal the interior of the earth material flow and energy flow and predict t

13、he development law as a result, the information for earth science and the main scientific problems need to be solved at present.Earth information technology is the support system of earth information science. Geographic information systems (GIS) is the core of the system,It integrates the unique vis

14、ual and geographical analysis of maps and the operational functions of general databases (such as query and statistical analysis). GIS and GPS (global positioning system), RS (remote sensing information acquisition system) and the information transmission system (information highway), constitutes th

15、e data acquisition, management, query, calculation, analysis, transmission and visualization output and other functions of earths information technology system.Although the earth information science, especially its exploration on solid earth, is in its infancy both in theory and practice, the discip

16、line system is far from perfect. The technical supporting system of it, however, shows a strong advantage, and resource environment pressure faced by human societys development and the requirement of earth science, make the subject has great prospects for development, has caused widespread concern a

17、nd attention from all over the world.2. Introduction of the main discipline methodologyThe solid earth information acquisition system has the following three:Surface information acquisition system - obtaining the spatial information of the distribution of various geological bodies on the earth surfa

18、ce, including surface geological survey, mapping, satellite remote sensing, etc.Deep information acquisition system - to obtain the spatial information of geological bodies below the surface, including drilling, various underground works, and various geophysical exploration, etc.Attribute informatio

19、n acquisition system, access to the physical and chemical properties of geological body, such as chemical composition, isotopic composition, age, and a variety of physical properties, such as using the method includes a variety of experiments and analysis.In the above three systems, information obta

20、ined from artificial sensors (such as remote sensing and geophysical detection) belongs to source information directly mapped from information sources; The body sensor of the observer receives the information in some way, such as text, graphics, forms, etc., and belongs to knowledge information with

21、 a specific format. The method of earth information science is: (1) to extract knowledge information from the analysis and processing of a large number of source information obtained by artificial sensors; (2) to a large number of existing format information into digital information, with modern inf

22、ormation technology on the earth, storage, management and analysis for all kinds of information of space and time distribution, thus for human search and the development and utilization of resources, geological environment evaluation, prediction and assessment of geological disaster, geological expl

23、oration and engineering construction to provide decision basis; (3) the analysis of the information technology and the geology of theoretical thinking, the combination of simulation of the interior of the earths energy flow and material flow in the process of development, the forecast effect or resu

24、lt of the process, finally to human beings on the earths resources, environment and social development of the implementation of the macroeconomic regulation and control of scientific purposes.3. Related disciplines and influences of this majorEarth information science is the product of the combinati

25、on of earth science and information science. Solid earth information science mission, that is, from the perspective of information flow to reveal the interior of the earth material properties and spatial distribution, as well as the material flow and energy flow of the occurrence, development proces

26、s and the rule of the evolution. The earth information technology provides powerful technical support for the study of solid earth information science, but is engaged in the research of earth information science.In addition to mastering information technology, the earth also must to all kinds of geo

27、logical body or geological process of solid earth have deeper understanding, such as blister Ding Xieniu, both with a sharp knife, more to understand the structure of cow. Only the solid earth in all kinds of geological body or geological process have a deeper understanding, can be correctly extract

28、 the feature information of all kinds of geological body or geological process, and to analyze information in earth science thinking and information processing. Therefore, basic geology knowledge is essential to our major. However, different schools set up this major and should have a clear entry po

29、int to build the students knowledge system based on their own school basis and characteristics.2. Professional training objectives and specifications1. Professional training objectivesThe earth information science and technology professional talent training goal is: to cultivate all-round developmen

30、t of morality, intelligence and physique, has a solid mathematical foundation and geology theories, to master the basic theory of the earth information science, able to skillfully use modern information science and technology, the solid earth all kinds of information extraction, analysis and process

31、ing, and has a certain ability to develop and research new earth science talent.2. Training specifications and requirementsThe earth information science and technology program is four years, and students are awarded a bachelors degree after graduation. The requirements for talent training are:(1) th

32、e quality structure requirementsThis professional training of students must be love of the Peoples Republic of China, uphold the leadership of the communist party of China, should have a strong sense of responsibility for society, has the good moral quality and legal concept at the same time, have a

33、 professional spirit and the collective sense of honor, have good cultural quality and artistic accomplishment, strives for realism the innovation of scientific spirit, and have good physical quality and psychological quality.(2) ability structure requirementsAbility to think independently, analyze

34、problems and solve problems. Good oral and written communication skills; Ability to coordinate and handle interpersonal relationships; Have strong ability of social activities; Ability to use professional knowledge and skills to solve practical problems; Having the ability to acquire knowledge and t

35、o some extent innovate.(3) knowledge structure requirementsHave professional learning the necessary mathematical foundation and basic computer, have a solid knowledge of basic geology, to master the basic theory of the earth information science and the 3 s technology, have engaged in the development

36、 of the earth information engineering construction and technical ability; At the same time, it is required to learn about culture, art, history, philosophy, politics, economics, law and psychology through the study of political and cultural quality courses.Iii. Knowledge system and curriculum system

37、Knowledge systemThe overall framework of the professional knowledge system is shown in figure 1:Figure 1 overall framework of the earth information science and technology professional knowledge system(1) basic knowledge of university (integrated education) : this is the provisions of the state of co

38、llege students (not nothing, science, engineering) must have the basic knowledge, including politics, philosophy, literature, history, law, society, economy, management and psychology knowledge and art.(2) basic knowledge in science and engineering, the basic knowledge of science and engineering stu

39、dents must have, including the university of mathematics, university physics, general chemistry, etc., the professional basic course for studying the necessary basic knowledge;(3) basic knowledge: this is the basic knowledge necessary for the study of specialized courses, which is the precursor of s

40、pecialized courses. The professional basic specialized knowledge includes two aspects: (1) basic computer, including computer principle and application, computer language and program design, data structure and database knowledge; Basic knowledge of geology, including mineral petrology, stratigraphic

41、 paleontology, structural geology, and other aspects of geology.(4) professional knowledge: this specialized graduation, or in this professional work or study must have the knowledge and skills, including the earth information science basic theory and method, data collection technology and types of

42、information, the 3 s technology and its applications in solid earth information acquisition and processing, etc.2. Recommended course system(1) credit and time allocationAccording to the regulations of the ministry of education, the scores and hours of the courses are distributed as follows:Dont cou

43、nt the number of classesNormal education core courses 58 32% courses are set according to the ministry of educationElective course 23, 13%Professional education core curriculum 61. 34 practice teaching for 12 weeksElective courseTotal credit of 180The total study time of 2880 hours is 1 credit in 16

44、 hours(2) suggested curriculum systemAccording to the requirements of the professional knowledge structure, the proposed curriculum system is as follows:Notes on class name of class attribute courseThe core courses of basic political science of education university are courses prescribed by the mini

45、stry of education, and the elective courses are set according to their own characteristicsEnglishsportsA lawsociologyhistoryliteratureComputer fundamentals and applicationsScience foundation core curriculum advanced mathematicsGeneral physics (including experiments)Elective course general chemistryC

46、ore curriculum linear algebra and analysis geometry of professional foundation 1 (mathematics and computer foundation)Computer language and programmingData structures and databasesComputer network technologyElective course discrete mathematicselectroelectronicsBasic 2 (geology) core curriculum earth

47、 science introductionMineral petrologytectonicsPaleontological stratigraphyEarth detection techniqueGeological cognition practiceIntroduction to earth information science in core courses of professional coursesCartography and computer graphicsGPS principles and applicationsPrinciple and application

48、of GISRemote sensing information and image processingGeological mapping and geological map databaseField digitization mapping practiceThe courses are set according to their own characteristicsProfessional basic courses of geology, including mineralogy, petrology, strata paleontology, tectonics, geoe

49、xploration technology and other courses. Curriculum can be independent to open, and can be incorporated into a geology basis, plus one or two special geology courses (for example, the earth physics or petroleum geology or deposit, etc.),Schools can set themselves up according to their own characteri

50、stics and graduates. However, there should be no less than 240 academic hours in the course of geological basic courses (excluding field practice).Geology is a very large knowledge system, and the learning of an undergraduate is impossible to complete. In order to strengthen students awareness of so

51、me aspect of geological information, reflect characteristics of different schools, the schools according to the flow of their own teachers and graduates, etc., set up different direction of geology course group, as a professional elective courses.(3) practical teachingThe evolution of solid earth ha

52、s solidified into various geological phenomena. To understand these phenomena and understand the information conveyed by these phenomena, it is possible to use various techniques to carry out information analysis and information processing. Therefore, field practice is an indispensable teaching link

53、 of the major. Three internships should generally be arranged:(1) the field cognition practice: an introduction to earth science, or general geology course teaching internship arrangement (time 2 3 weeks), its purpose is to make the student to the solid earth information transfer by various phenomen

54、a and have a preliminary understanding.2. Internship in digital geological mapping: an internship with a specialized course teaching arrangement, usually between 6 and 8 weeks. Geological map is a comprehensive embodiment of various evolutionary processes of solid earth, and is also the concrete app

55、lication of various basic theories of geology. Students through the field of digital mapping, for all kinds of geologic body contains time, space and attributes information of understanding, and deepen the students basic theory of geology and the understanding of the traditional information retrieva

56、l methods, so that the students can effectively combine the earth information acquisition and information processing skills.Graduation thesis (design) internship: according to the thesis (design) requirement arrangement.Iv. Teaching conditions of this major1. FacultyWith age, and reasonable knowledg

57、e structure, relatively stable, higher levels of teachers, which has higher academic attainments leader professor (1), bear the teacher of the main course for the specialty of not less than 10 people, including senior title of professional teachers not less than 4 people, senior and () at the beginn

58、ing of class the teacher proportion of not less than 1:2.Teaching material of 2.The textbook should conform to the syllabus or professional specification. The basic course should choose the traditional textbook, the specialized course should be used as the official publication of the teaching materials, at least should be in accordance with the teaching outline of the lecture notes.3. Book informationThere are a number of specialized books, publicati