專業(yè)八級(jí)-911

1、專業(yè)八級(jí) -911（ 總分： 95.00 ，做題時(shí)間： 90 分鐘 ）一、PART LISTENING COMPREHENSIO（N總題數(shù)： 0，分?jǐn)?shù)： 0.00）二、SECTION A（ 總題數(shù)： 0，分?jǐn)?shù)： 0.00）三、Modes of Transportation （ 總題數(shù)： 1，分?jǐn)?shù)： 10.00）（分?jǐn)?shù)： 10.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案： nature ）解析： 聽力原文 1-10Modes of TransportationThere are many means of transportation,and each has its advantages and dis

2、advantages. Sometimes,however, the nature of the goods and the points of distribution limit a firms transportation choices. Messages can be transported by wire, airwaves, and beams of light; McDonalds hamburgers cannot.Railroads, airplanes, ships, trucks, and pipelines are our major means of transpo

3、rtation. Goods are often transported by a combination of carriers. Truck trailers, for example, are loaded on flatcars and transported by rail to their destination, where atractor hitches up to the trailerand speeds the goods on to another point. Ships and barges also are equipped to carry trailers.

4、 The important factors to be considered by a manager who must select modes of transportation are cost and time, for shipping time is an important cost. g recent study of how best to ship fancy fruits from the Pacific Northwest to Scandinavia showed that it would be profitable to fly them by jet-carg

5、o aircraft. The question then arose about what cargo should be flown back. After extensive study, it was decided that the return cargo should be automobiles.Railroads are best adapted to the transportation of bulk products that are low in value in relation to their weight and that must travel great

6、distances. Because trains can go only wherethere aretracks, railroads can directly serve only points on railroad lines. Piggyback loading of trailers, however, allows the advantages of rail and truck combinations.Truck lines are effective for hauling high-value goods short distances. The highway sys

7、tem permits trucks to reach almost every point in the nation and make deliveries directly to destinations without transferring goods. Trucks can stop within a city and move freely from warehouse to retailer and from retailer to consumer. In combination with railroads, trucks can move goods long dist

8、ances and make delivery directly without unloading and reloading.Over the past two decades, the use of air freight has increased greatly. Once thought of as a means to speed perishables or expensive but light products, air freight now uses high speed, supercargo planes, developed for military operat

9、ions, to move bulk goods. If tanks and cannons can be carried by plane, so can many industrial and consumer products. Containerization permits more efficient use of space in planes, and the speed of air transport allows great efficiency. Helicopters have been used to ship large items that could not

10、conveniently be carried by other means. Whole fabricated houses have been moved by helicopters from factory to home site, set on the foundation, and made livable by nightfall. The airplane can land only at airports. The helicopter can land almost anywhere. In rugged timber country, it has proved che

11、aper to use helicopters than to build roads for trucks.Waterways have long served for transportation. Cargo ships and barges move bulky goods at low cost and low speed. The loading of truck trailers directly onto ships and barges brings some flexibility to water transportation. Barges moved by tugbo

12、ats have long been used to move railroad cars. To overcome bad weather, even submarine transport has been tried.New developments in water transportation include container ships, Large quantities of goods can be stored in their holds and also in standardized and easy-to-handle containers on the decks

13、. New superships the oil tankers are too big for many harbors, so offshore ports are beingconstructed for unloading.Pipelines are a special form of transportation used mainly to move gasoline, crude oil, and natural gas. It is now possible to move different petroleum products through a pipeline at t

14、he same time. Some solids have also been moved by pipeline. The Cleveland Electric Company uses a great deal of coal. When railroad freight rates rose, the company built a pipeline from the coal mines inWest Virginia to Cleveland. The coal was ground into a powder that was mixed with water to forma

15、slush. The slush was hydraulically movedthrough the pipeline to Cleveland, where it was driedand burned. Many solid products could be moved in this manner. Pipelines usually move fluids,but in the future air or hydraulic action may help to move many other goods through them.填空項(xiàng)1:_ （正確答案：carriers/mea

16、ns )解析：填空項(xiàng)1:_ （正確答案：bulk )解析：填空項(xiàng)1:_ （正確答案：highway system )解析：填空項(xiàng)1:_ （正確答案：transferring/uploading and reloading解析：填空項(xiàng)1:_ （正確答案：perishables )解析：填空項(xiàng)1:_ （正確答案：containerization )解析：填空項(xiàng)1:_ （正確答案：container )解析：填空項(xiàng)1:_ （正確答案：natural gas )解析：填空項(xiàng)1:_ （正確答案：solids/solid materials）解析：四、 SECTION B（ 總題數(shù)：0，分?jǐn)?shù)： 0.00）

17、五、Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.( 總題數(shù)： 1，分?jǐn)?shù)： 5.00)(分?jǐn)?shù)： 5.00 )A. the demand is too lowB. the supply is too largeC. the cost is too highD. the price is chan

18、geable解析： 聽力原文 1-5INTERVIEWER: Cattle raising in the U.S. is big business, isnt it? BECK: Yes, its the largest business.INTERVIEWER: It must be a very profitable business then.BECK: Uh. not necessarily.INTERVIEWER: Its not necessarily a profitable business?BECK: At times, its not profitable. Your pr

19、oduction costs get Its a supply and demand market, and if your supply is larger than your demand, why at timesINTERVIEWER: So the price is fluctuating all the time.BECK: Right. It fluctuates, and it can get below production costs.INTERVIEWER: But you never know For instance, next year, you dont know

20、 what itll bring onthe market.BECK: No, technically, it takes a year and a half from the time you breed the cow, until you get the calf, until the calfs marketable.INTERVIEWER: Uh-hmm.BECK: Youve got a year, to a year and a half, tied up there.INTERVIEWER: So, youre making an investment all the time

21、.BECK: Right. So youre not sure.INTERVIEWER: It sounds like it might be a very. uh. insecure kind of existence. Wonder why it is that people want to be farmers or ranchers then.BECK: I think the majority of it is you like it. Its one thing. Its a breed of people. They like it. If you dont like what

22、youre doing, why.INTERVIEWER: What is there about it? You live essentially in a rural place. Doesnt that of isolation ever bother you ?BECK: No. Its getting too crowded.INTERVIEWER: Too crowded? !BECK: Too many people!INTERVIEWER: I can see that, for instance, in a city, you have. uh. restaurants to

23、 go to, movie theaters all kinds of things available to people,a lot of conveniences which you donthave in the more rural areas. What to people who farm, ranch, do for recreation and relaxation, for instance.BECK: Well. I think a lot of it is if youre a livestock raiser, you. you just. youll go chec

24、k your cows in the evening instead of going to a movie.INTERVIEWER: Uh-huh.BECK: Thats as much recreation as going driving through a.INTERVIEWER: Uh-hm.BECK: .bunch of cows, and if you like them, why, you., you enjoy that. INTERVIEWER: In terms of the way of life, uh. to a lot of people, it would.it

25、 would seemthat its a very hard life. It means a lot of hard work. I mean, you have a schedule whether you feel like it or not, you have to get out and feed animals, and so forth. Would you regard that as one of the difficult things about it, or is that. ?BECK: No.For me, if I had to go to a desk ev

26、ery morning, thatd kill me.INTERVIEWER: Is there a problem of. uh. on the feeling of security?BECK: What kind of security are you talking about financial security?INTERVIEWER: Uh. yeah, financial security . Uh. the thing is up and down. You dont know what the markets going to bring for beef. You wor

27、k all year, and so forth. uh. Is there any problem of that sort?BECK: Sure, theres the problem of security. Especially, if youvehad one or two bad years. Youfeel awfully insecure.INTERVIEWER: Uh-huh.BECK: If youve borrowed money to buy a farm or to operate, and. and theres no money coming in, you fe

28、el awfully insecure.INTERVIEWER: Uh-huh.BECK: But you do always have. if. if youve got a fairly good amount of your ranch paid off, youve got that to fall back on. You always feel, you know, you can think of that as a security. If everything else fails, if you cant pay for your operating expenses.IN

29、TERVIEWER:H owd o you handle uh. the whole family-lifesituation-children?Youre out almostas much as. uh. as a working mother in the city, arent you ?BECK: Yes. The only difference is were together. INTERVIEWER: That is,.the children too?BECK: The children too When theyre not in school. When they wer

30、e small they were withus when they were very small, of course, I didnt go out as much.INTERVIEWER: Do you feel that there are advantages in growing up in this way?BECK: Yeah, I definitely feel that theres.theres advantages. There are disadvantages too, but I think the., uh. the advantages far outwei

31、gh the disadvantages.INTERVIEWER: What are some of those advantages you think the children have?BECK: Well, theyre a lot more self-reliant. They learn to work. Uh.they learn responsibility.They learn a lot about life by being continually in life uh. with animals and I think it makes them.uh. They gr

32、ow up!INTERVIEWER: What do you think is the most difficult problem or the most difficult thing about ranching? Is it. this marketa marketing problem?BECK: Yes. I think it is. I think were at the mercy of the buyer. We dont set a price on whatever we have to sell. We go to the marketplace and say. Wh

33、at will you give us for what we raise?INTERVIEWERB: ut doesnt the government get into this? Are there any government subsidies on cattle? BECK: No. Never has been.INTERVIEWER:B ut there are subsidies on crops, arent there? BECK: There was. There isnt anymore. Theres a base price. Uh. if the price go

34、es below, then the government will make up the difference. But the price hasnt been that low for a long time.INTERVIEWER: HowBECK: Thats a subsistence price.INTERVIEWER: How do you feel about that? Do you think thats a good thing to or was it a goodthing to.BECK: The support price. ?INTERVIEWER: Yea

35、h.BECK: No. And I think thats whats wrong with the market those kind of prices keeping a false market going.INTERVIEWER: Theres not a natural sort of pricing ofBECK: No. If theres a surplus of wheat, we should stop raising wheat instead of being paid not to raise wheat!A. they like investmentsB. the

36、y like challengesC. they like the jobD. they like the rural area 解析：A. isolation B. insecurityC. povertyD. crowdedness解析：A. they are more responsibleB. they are more self-reliantC. they know how to workD. they are more sophisticated解析：A. helpfulB. reasonableC. wrong D. necessary 解析：六、SECTION C（ 總題數(shù)：

37、 0，分?jǐn)?shù)： 0.00）七、Questions 6 to 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question.Now listen to the news.（ 總題數(shù)： 1，分?jǐn)?shù)： 3.00）（分?jǐn)?shù)： 3.00 ）A. nearest of all planets to the sunB. extremely hotC. little known to peopleD. biggest of all planets

38、解析： 聽力原文 6-8CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. The spacecraft Messenger rocketed away Tuesday on a long quest to reveal the secrets of mysterious, superhot Mercury, the suns nearest planet.A voyage of mythological proportions, a NASA flight controller announced as soon as Messenger shed its final rocket stage hou

39、rs before dawn.The journey will take 6 1/2 years, covering nearly 5 billion miles on a roundabout ramble through the inner solar system. The probe should reach Mercury by March 2011, then spend a year gathering data.Scientists want to know how the planet turned out the way it did, and whether the pe

40、rpetually dark craters at the poles hold ice. Anything scientists can learn about how Mercury formed will shed light on the origins of Venus, Earth and Mars, each one very different.Tuesdays launch came one day later than planned; Mondays attempt had to be scrubbed because of bad weather.It was a bu

41、sy night for the U. S. space agency with the Mercury send-off coming less than an hour before another NASA unit directed a spacewalk by the astronaut and cosmonaut aboard the international space station.The Messenger mission is part of NASAs bargain-focused Discovery program costing 427 million for

42、the launch and all the scientific analysis years later in a mission devised by John HopkinsUniversity.A. six B. nineC. twelveD. sixteen 解析：A. The spacecraft will fly direct to Mercury.B. The spacecraft will fly three times past Mercury. C. The spacecraft was launched a week later than planned.D. The

43、re is no specific task for this journey. 解析：八、Questions 9 to 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question.Now listen to the news.（ 總題數(shù)： 1，分?jǐn)?shù)： 2.00）（分?jǐn)?shù)： 2.00 ）A. Eastern Europe B. Northern EuropeC. Western EuropeD. Southern Euro

44、pe 解析： 聽力原文 9-10 OSWIECIM,P oland Gypsies from across Europe gathered at Auschwitz on Monday to remember hundreds of thousands of their murdered ancestors and to call for wider recognition of their suffering in the Nazi Holocaust.Those at the ceremony, held exactly 60 years after the night the Nazis

45、 gassed the final 2,900Gypsies in the Auschwitz-Birkenau death camp, also heard warnings that todays Gypsies still face discrimination, especially in Eastern Europe.Up to a half-million European Gypsies are thought to have perished at the Nazis hands duringWorld War II along with 6 million Jews, tho

46、ugh the exact number is not known. Others were sterilized or subjected to pseudomedical experiments.The Nazis considered Gypsies racially inferior and anti-social. Many were deported to a special section of the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp complex in occupied Poland.The Nazis liquidated the

47、 Gypsy camp Aug. 2, 1944, and gassed most of the remaining inmates, including many women, children and old people. Others were sent to German factories as forced laborers.On Monday, several hundred mourners, including camp survivors and envoys of several European governments, walked to the ruins of

48、a gas chamber and crematorium where Gypsy representatives placed candles on the wall.Mondays anniversary was observed with speeches and mournful music amid the ruins of dozens of prison barracks on a vast grassy area, still ringed by concrete fence posts, watchtowers and birch trees.Germanys envoy,

49、Environment Minister Juergen Trittin, noted that Gypsies have struggled for wider awareness of their suffering under the Nazis. This genocide is part of our history. As Germans, we carry the historic and the political responsibility./A. speechesB. mournful musicC. parade D. visit 解析：九、PART PROOFREAD

50、ING & ERROR CORRECT（IO總N題數(shù)： 0，分?jǐn)?shù)： 0.00） 十、 Many artists today are in what is called applied art.（ 總題數(shù)： 10，分?jǐn)?shù)： 10.00）1.（分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案： advertise advertisement ）解析：2.（分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案： which who）解析：3.（分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案： artist artistic ）解析：4.（分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案： who）解析：5.（分?jǐn)?shù)： 1

51、.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案： requiring required ）解析：6.（分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案： to as ）解析：7.（分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案： prepare for ）解析：8.（分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案： for with ）解析：9.（分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案： andor ）解析：10.（分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1: （正確答案： even you if ）解析：十一、 PART READING COMPREHENSIO（ 總N 題數(shù)： 0，分?jǐn)?shù)： 0.00） 十二、 SEC

52、TION A（ 總題數(shù)： 0，分?jǐn)?shù)： 0.00）十三、 TEXT A（ 總題數(shù)： 3，分?jǐn)?shù)： 3.00）11.Leacocks account of being summoned to look at a stewardesss knee .（分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 ）A. tells us that he was always ready to help othersB. indicates that he was an incompetent doctorC. reveals that he was very proud of his degreeD. shows that he could b

53、e playful sometimes解析： 12.Speaking of Disraeli, a conventional professor would probably have （分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 ）A. focused on his accomplishments as a statesmanB. talked about his family lifeC. explored the little-known aspects of the personD. looked at him from a fresh perspective解析：13.Stephen Leacock coul

54、d be described as all the following EXCEPT .（分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 ）A. careless about his appearanceB. witty and eloquentC. an inspiring professorD. an absent-minded person解析：十四、 TEXT B（ 總題數(shù)： 3，分?jǐn)?shù)： 3.00）following EXCEPT14. As can be gathered from the passage, people past 100 can be described as the分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 ）A. m

55、any of them had lived independently until their early 90sB. they enjoy better health than people in their 70sC. their longevity could be attributed to heredityD. their medical expenditures are surprisingly low 解析：15. The author seems to suggest that .（分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 ）A. the aged should not go to the nursi

56、ng homeB. we can lengthen our lives through high-tech medicineC. centenarians die faster than those who are youngerD. the ever-growing segment of centenarians has caused concern 解析：16. A century ago, how many lived to, or past 100, within a population of 5 million? （分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 ）A. 5,000,000.B. 10,000. C. 50,000.D. 1,000. 解析： 十五、 TEXT C（ 總題數(shù)： 3，分?jǐn)?shù)： 3.00）17. The author argues that .（分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 ）A. crime decreases are not to be taken seriouslyB. minor cases should also be registeredC. administrativ