初三英語(yǔ)考前輔導(dǎo)

1、.初三英語(yǔ)考前輔導(dǎo) 一、聽(tīng)力：試卷一到手，迅速瀏覽聽(tīng)力測(cè)試題，看準(zhǔn)題型與要求，帶著問(wèn)題去聽(tīng)錄音，聽(tīng)錄音時(shí)要特別注意數(shù)字、時(shí)間、年代等。聽(tīng)對(duì)話與短文時(shí)要做簡(jiǎn)短的記錄（關(guān)鍵詞）。聽(tīng)清、聽(tīng)全整個(gè)對(duì)話或短文，注意干擾項(xiàng)。例：When will the football match star? (C)A. After supper. B. Right now. C. At 2:00 next morning.W: Shall we go out for a walk after supper, Daddy?M: Sorry, Susan! Ill sleep right now and then wat

2、ch a wonderful World Cup football match at 2:00 next morning.聽(tīng)力題解題技巧以平穩(wěn)的心態(tài)去做聽(tīng)力題。先在卷面上用的形式選出正確答案，待全部聽(tīng)完再正確無(wú)誤地將答案涂到答題卡上。(1)穩(wěn)定情緒，邊聽(tīng)邊記。把 聽(tīng)到的要點(diǎn)用簡(jiǎn)單的符號(hào)記下，不必記全、有時(shí)記一二個(gè)字母即可。(2)放過(guò)枝節(jié)，抓住要點(diǎn)。聽(tīng)對(duì)話或短文時(shí)，遇到聽(tīng)不懂的地方要跳過(guò)去，聽(tīng)時(shí)要注意獲取與選項(xiàng)目有關(guān)的信息，或影響文章理解的人名、地名、時(shí)間、數(shù)據(jù)等內(nèi)容，全面了解短文或?qū)υ挘プ∑湟c(diǎn)。 (3) 關(guān)注變化，破解難關(guān)。對(duì)沒(méi)有直接告知答案的題日需推理判斷。要重視過(guò)程的變化，特別是轉(zhuǎn)折連

3、詞but連接的上下文。要留意首句(段)或結(jié)尾句(段)，岡為它們往往是文章內(nèi)容的中心體現(xiàn)。 二、選擇填空單項(xiàng)選擇內(nèi)容涉及語(yǔ)法、詞法、慣用法、句型、口語(yǔ)交際等諸多方面，題目比較靈活，覆蓋面廣。單項(xiàng)選擇題解題技巧。（1） 題目要看準(zhǔn)看全；（2）全面分析題干，冷靜思考選項(xiàng)；（3）找準(zhǔn)題目的考點(diǎn)，反復(fù)比較?？捎弥苯臃ā⑴懦?、推理法、常識(shí)法、反證法解題。但多數(shù)題目都源于課本, 一改過(guò)去只考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的傳統(tǒng)。分析起來(lái)主要有以下一些特點(diǎn)：1題目重視語(yǔ)境的創(chuàng)設(shè)，解答必須首先吃透語(yǔ)境，把握題干的全部信息，進(jìn)行合埋的推斷，作深層的理解，并從詞法、語(yǔ)法和慣用法、搭配等角度全方位考慮。如： 例1：-Would you

4、 like some tea? -Yes, I prefer tea _ sugar. Ato Bwith Cthan Dfrom2強(qiáng)調(diào)在情景對(duì)話場(chǎng)合中考查語(yǔ)言知識(shí)，許多題目是由對(duì)話構(gòu)成題材，使語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的考查更靈活、更生活化。如： 例2：-When shall we meet again? -Make it _ day you like；its all the same to me. Aone Banother C. some Dany解析 選D。這里make it是用來(lái)約定時(shí)間，從下文智its all the same to me (這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)都一樣來(lái)看，只能選擇D any(任何；任意)。

5、3題目命題時(shí)注重干擾和迷惑，通過(guò)各種手段考查綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力。如： 例3 The schools in China are different from _. AAmerica schools Bthat of America C. America Dthose in America 解析 選D?？疾楸容^級(jí)要在同類事物之間進(jìn)行比較”和“替代”(the schools用those來(lái)代替)。做題時(shí)容易受漢語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣思維定勢(shì)的影響誤選C，題目的迷惑性很大。4題目的綜合性增強(qiáng)，同時(shí)考查兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的知識(shí)點(diǎn)；有些題目設(shè)計(jì)了兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的空格；有些題目雖然只有一個(gè)空格，但涉及多個(gè)考點(diǎn)。如： 例4：I

6、dont know if it _ tomorrow. If it _, I wont go. Awill rain；rains Bwill rain；will rain Crams；rains Drains；will rain 解析 選A。這里考查了if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句兩種不同的用法。前面一句中的if引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句，由于主句的時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，因此賓語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)需要用一般將來(lái)時(shí),而后一句if引導(dǎo)的條件是狀語(yǔ)從句，因主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句只能用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。所以做題時(shí)要看清題干，注意常用的語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象，語(yǔ)言環(huán)境和習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)，常采用擇優(yōu)法，排除法、比較法、運(yùn)用邏輯推理法、固定結(jié)構(gòu)判斷法。在做題的

7、過(guò)程中，務(wù)必看清句子的干擾項(xiàng)。1冠詞：字母（單詞）里以元音開(kāi)頭的，如表示一個(gè)（件、只）則用“an” an “f (l,m,n,s,x,a,e,i,o,r,h)” an hour an orange an honest boy an eight-year-old boy an eleven-metre-wide rivera second time (再/又一次) a third chance （又一次機(jī)會(huì)）字母（單詞）中以輔音開(kāi)頭的，如表示一個(gè)（件）則用a “u”a useful book a university an unusual day a one-eyed cat2名詞: the G

8、reen family=the Greens （注意謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）classthe elderly/young/old/rich/poor/police/audience e.g. His family are having supper in the dining room now.The Green family has moved to Paris.two months/years 20 dollars （表示、數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算、重量、金錢、距離、時(shí)間、數(shù)目等復(fù)數(shù)名 10 meters 詞或短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)看作一整體，注意謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)）e.g. Two Months has passed since h

9、e came here.the number of a number of （使用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別） 幾分之幾的 百分之幾的most of （謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞取決于它們后面所跟的主體名詞或代詞）e.g. Three fifths of the money is mine.89%students are from cities.About two thirds of the earth is covered with water.A lot of work has been done by her since yesterday.Many a boy enjoys playing football in

10、our playground.主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)，且后面跟有with, together with, along with, besides, except, like等，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)e.g. The manager, along with his secretary, is going to the meeting room.The worker and writer and所連接的指的是同一個(gè)人或事物謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù) The worker and the writer and連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格：Jims two months (two-month) holiday some

11、one elses Tom and Jacks room each others others Toms and Jacks rooms Its 15 minutes walk. Spend a two-week holiday Its 15-minute walk. Spend two weeks holiday Its 15 minutes on foot.in a few years (days months weeks) time3代詞：注意人稱代詞的主、賓格、形、名詞性物主代詞以及不定代詞。a) one the other(two three) some othersanotherb

12、) some, any little, a little few, a few something, nothing anything (可用于肯定句，作“任何東西/人”講)somebody, nobody, anybody both, all each, none neither, either(注：形容詞修飾不定代詞位置后置，else修飾疑問(wèn)代、副詞，不定代詞位置后置)c) on both sides of the street/river on either side of on every side /all sides of the lake/playground/island/cl

13、assroomon each side of on the other side of not only but alsod) neithernor eitheror （謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用就近的原則）there be bothand （謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)） 4數(shù)詞：a) 數(shù)詞的讀法 1, 000, 000, 000 billion million thousand一萬(wàn) ten thousand 一億 one hundred million 10億 1 billion b)數(shù)詞的表達(dá)法 概數(shù)hundreds of many thousands of 確數(shù) three million several hund

14、red(s) of two thousand of the workers c) 分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)法：分子用基數(shù)，分母用序數(shù)，分子大于1，分母的序數(shù)詞加s，分?jǐn)?shù)后跟名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞依據(jù)名詞形式而定。 d)two and a half days=two days and a halfone or two hours 5動(dòng)詞 a)同義詞辨析 take borrowlook forhear hope bring lendfind listen wish （肯、否） mustseebe made of (from in by) have tolookbe used for (by, in, as) sayar

15、rive in/atsteal sth search speakreachrob sb of sth search for tellget tograb sth buy sth for money used to do talklook return sometimes takebe used to doingseelend some times spendbe used to dohearborrow sometime costbe used for doingwatchkeep some time pay for( )1. What did the teacher _you to_ at

16、the meeting ? A. tell, say B. ask, speak C. tell, speak D. ask, talk ( )2. Do you know who theyre _ about the accident at the school gate? A. talking B. saying C. telling D. speakingb)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)動(dòng)副結(jié)構(gòu)：turn on/off try on keep off put away throw aboutturn up/down try out keep away off put off litter aboutgive

17、 up look up ring up look over shut downwake up look down pick up go over think over動(dòng)介結(jié)構(gòu)：get on (off), look for, work on, complain about, fall off, talk aboutc)時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)，注意幾個(gè)短語(yǔ) have see make hear sb do (doing sth)letsb do sth 改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)要加“to” wacthhelpe.g. The workers make machines to help farmers.d)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：注意ma

18、y, must, should, ought to, must的否定答語(yǔ)，注意語(yǔ)境，以及表猜測(cè)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may, must, may be, must becant be, need作行為動(dòng)詞用。區(qū)別canbe able toe)非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞borrow-keepbuy-have open-be opendie-be deadcome(go)-be inleave-be away(from)begin-be onjoin-be in (a member) begin(start) to do-doget up-be upmake friends-be friendscome back

19、-be backfall asleep-be asleepcatch a cold-have a coldget to know-know get(receive) a letter from-have a letter frombecome interested in-be interested inwake- be awakeget married to-be married to6介詞 a)注意in on at with的用法（注意時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)）b)比較 betweeninover(under) amongafterabove(below)through(desert, forest, d

20、oor, tunnel) without pastacross (bridge, street, road, river) with beyondc)含有一些介詞的短語(yǔ)tieto connectto/with jointocontactona visit toa key to an entrance to solutions tothe way to a trip to a witness tocome up withcatch up with play against(with)by bike=on a bikein red in the treeon the treein the end

21、at the end ofby the end oftowardsto 7反意問(wèn)句a)注意陳述句中有hardly, never, few, little,seldom等詞,反意問(wèn)句用肯定的形式。b)注意主語(yǔ)后面的s（is, has）c)believe，think，suppose后面跟賓語(yǔ)從句，如是否定句，否定前移。反意問(wèn)句，看賓語(yǔ)從句。d)unusual, unhappy, impossible, dislike, unfair等前綴的反義詞，反意問(wèn)句仍用否定形式。注：前否后肯反意問(wèn)句的回答 Lets, shall we? 其余用will you?-Didnt he come to schoo

22、l yesterday? -_, though he didnt feel well.-Its nothing serious, _, doctor?-_, youd better stay in hospital and you need an operation at once.8同義詞辨析 eitherso lonely before long when pleased either allsuch alone long before while pleasant too none pleasure also both as well neither9.特殊疑問(wèn)詞a)對(duì)人口、機(jī)號(hào)、電話號(hào)

23、碼，到哪一年，用特殊疑問(wèn)詞what(what placevisit)b)how soon(often, far away, long)10情景對(duì)話看清上下文，注意說(shuō)話的環(huán)境、對(duì)象。11非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞a)動(dòng)名詞feel like doing finish doing enjoy doing mind doing practice doing miss doing suggesting doing imagine sb doing sthmake a contribution to doingdevoteto doing sth look forward to doing pay attention

24、to doing be used to doing cant stop doingcant help doing sth be well worth doing be busy doingstop sb from doingkeep sb from doing prevent sb from doing(sb sth 帶有被動(dòng)的意味；用stop /prevent sb being done)keep on doingcarry on doing go on doingbe used for doingthank sb for doinghave fun have no time to do s

25、thproblems doing 沒(méi)時(shí)間做某事difficultya good time need doing=need to be done require doinggive up doingdrop doingthe film starring Gong Lispend(in) doing succeed in doing prefer doing to doing 注意區(qū)別：stop, forget, go on, remember, see(hear, watch),doing sth和to do sth 分詞作定語(yǔ)，伴隨狀語(yǔ)b)動(dòng)詞的不定式decide to do, fail to

26、 do, would like to do, try(want, afford) to do, used to do, begin(start)to do, need to do sth, plan to do, prefer to do,cant wait to do, make up ones mind to do, allow sb to do, encourage sb to do, expect sb to do sth, remind sb to do sth (remind sb of sth) ask(tell) sb to do, a pen to write with, t

27、he ice to skate on, the space to stand in, a place to go to, which cities to travel to if Im able to/ if Im told toIm glad to. Id love to (to不能省) c)過(guò)去分詞a book written by Luxun a little time left a borrowed booksee many dinosaurs discovered by you the book borrowed from the libraryfind road covered w

28、ith snow a film directed by sb have sth done12形容詞、副詞a)asasnot so(as)as=lessthanb)形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)可以用even, much, a little, far等來(lái)修飾.c)兩者之間比較用比較級(jí)，三者三者以上用最高級(jí)。Tom is the taller of the two boys.d)比較級(jí)的疊用 fatter and fatter more and more beautiful13掌握以下句型(1)find(think, feel, make)+it +形容詞+to do sth(2) Its time for

29、sth Its time to do sth Its time for sb to do sth(3) It is +形+ to do sth It is +形 for sb +to do sth It is +形+of sb to do sth（表示一個(gè)人品格屬性的用介詞of）(4)It takes sb some time to do sth(5)Its ones turn to do sth (6)Its (has been) +一段時(shí)間+since的從句=一段時(shí)間+has passed +since的從句(7) There is (are)+名詞+介短 There was (were)

30、+名詞+介短 There is (are) going to be +名詞+介短 There have(has) been +名詞+介短 There seem(s) to beThere must/may be(8)計(jì)量的表達(dá)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+be+數(shù)+量+形容詞(9) 祈使句+and(then)+簡(jiǎn)單句（著重鼓勵(lì)） 祈使句+or+簡(jiǎn)單句（著重警告）(10)until notuntil unless(11)so (such)that(enoughto/tooto)(12) why not do what (how) about doing Shall I (we) do sth(13)the+比較級(jí)

31、, the+比較級(jí)(14)so +倒裝 neither/nor+倒裝 so+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ) (15) Will you please do (not do)? Would you please do (not do)?(16)How do you like(last night)?=What do you think of? What do you like about?(17)Would like to do sth(18)There is no need to do sth(19)疑問(wèn)詞+不定式 What to do with=how to deal with What to do=How t

32、o do it (20) sth cost sb sb payfor sth sb buy sth for money/at the price of sb spends on sth (21)find/make/keep+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（形容詞/分詞/動(dòng)詞不定式）(22)prefer sth to sth prefer to do sth(rather than )do would rather do sth than do sth(23)have sth done have sb do sthhave sth to do (有事要做)(24)sound(taste, smell, fee

33、l look等感觀動(dòng)詞,get/become/turn后面跟形容詞做表語(yǔ) stay happy/healthy/alive, keep fit, go wrong/missing/bad(25)數(shù)詞+more+復(fù)數(shù)名詞=another+數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞(26)Its said/ known/ reported +that+從句It seems +that+從句(27)Taking more (enough )exercise is important.(28)倒裝句so, neither, in (out, down, away, not far behind)放句首。Here comes th

34、e bus!(29)be likely to doIts highly possible(30)one of the +adj.最高級(jí)+n.(pl.)(31)This is the +adj.最高級(jí)+n.+定語(yǔ)從句I have ever read/seen(32)the first longest river,the second most useful invention（33）He is the first person to walk in space.十四 直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ) （見(jiàn)書(shū)本）He told me that he had met Lily two days before.I

35、asked Kate if she would go there the next week.三、詞型變化看清題目，根據(jù)所給單詞確定它可能出現(xiàn)的幾種詞性和詞形，從語(yǔ)法的角度，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)考慮一詞的正確用法,判斷該詞在句子中作何種成分，需要何種詞性。1注意名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)形式和所有格形式。mouse-mice true-truth confident-confidence enter-entrance tomatoes potatoes heroes mangoes importantimportance different-difference disabled ability endangere

36、ddecide-decision discuss-discussion describe-description Chinese Japanese sheep deer Englishmen Frenchmen Germans humans walkmansfoot-feet tooth-teeth boot-bootsloaf-loaves leaf-leaves knife-knives half-halves wise-wisdom free-freedom greatgreatness fit-fitnessgrow-growth warm-warmth strong -strengt

37、h long-length weigh-weightinvite-invitation present-presentation performperformance-performerintroduce-introduction instruction stomachsinventor operator visitor conductor feeling(s) building(s) greeting(s) meaning(s) warning(s)twin sisters apple trees sister citiesable-ability（能力）movemovablemovemen

38、t treattreatment achieveachievement agree-agreement activeactivity diedying death dead medicine-medicalnatural disaster nature reservesun-sunny fogfoggy rainrainy stormstormy sportsportypride-proud mix-mixture-mixed 注：表示人的名詞來(lái)修飾名詞用其復(fù)數(shù)的所有格的形式。mens shoes babies clothes womens skirtsGermans the girls 40

39、0 metres=the girls 400-meter race ask two days sick leave Jims two-month holiday=Jims two months holidayhave a sports meeting shoes e.g. His drawing is better than any of his classmates.2.形容詞、副詞要注意它們的區(qū)別以及原級(jí)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的使用。a) asas not so(as)as lessthan（用原級(jí)）b)形容詞、副詞的轉(zhuǎn)換 politely widely safelytrue-truly （去e加

40、ly） simple possible terrible comfortable（去e加y） c)短語(yǔ)less developed countries feel (less) lonely the most/least expensived)例句Kate is a careful girl. She does her lesson carefully every day.John is the cleverer of the two boys.The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai.In which country is t

41、he weather most like Chinas?Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. any city in JiangsuKate is taller than any other boy in her class.e)特殊形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)ill manybad worse worst much more mostbadly little-less-leastfar father farthestfurther furthest a most beautiful city 3數(shù)詞則應(yīng)考慮基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞，倍數(shù)和分?jǐn)?shù)

42、各種形式。 one-first two-second three-third four-fourth fourteenth forty-fortiethnine-ninth nineteenth ninety-ninetieth twelve-twelfth twenty-twentiethhundreds of , many thousands of, several thousand years, two thirds of, most of, on the second half , in the thirtieth minute, in the twenty-first century

43、, in the 2020s（二十一世紀(jì)二十年代）, on the fifteenth floor. a)序數(shù)詞（第幾課、幾頁(yè)、在哪一世紀(jì)，在第幾層，第幾個(gè)生日） b)倍數(shù) twice, three times, once twice as big as c)分?jǐn)?shù) 分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于1，分母序數(shù)詞加s。 4代詞要注意主格、賓格、名、形物主代詞，反身代詞 a)teach sb a subject tell sb a story(代詞一定用賓格) b)say to oneself learnby oneself teachoneself come to oneselfhelp o

44、neself to devote oneself to lose oneself in leaveby oneselfenjoy oneself dress oneself hurt oneself improve oneselfa friend of mine my mothersThis is a picture of me when I was young. 5動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)人稱和數(shù)的變化以及各種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式 a)This kind of book sells(play wash write ) well. feel soft/hard b) the boy has been t

45、old(tell) not to play with fire. c) most of及two thirds of主語(yǔ)時(shí)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)取決于of后面的名詞，the number ofthe population ofthe price of這三個(gè)短語(yǔ)后面謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞均用單數(shù)。this kind of this piece ofthis pair of后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)。而a crowd of a group of a number of 后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 注：Three months is quite a long time.Two years has passed since he c

46、ame to China.1/4 of the population are workers. d)注意中心詞作主語(yǔ)：如the teacher with the students, the windows of our classroom, everyone except the students among them e)ask(tell want get ) sb to do sth 以及give(pass /show /send /lend /teach sb sth), sb作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，則這個(gè)句子一定用被動(dòng)態(tài)) warn sb(not) to do sth f)其它短語(yǔ) promise sb successprovide sb with sthprovide sth for sbpresent sb with stha shopping list (basket)the following week, the book sold on the train,the coming trip, the dinosaur discovered by youthe worker called (named) Tom 區(qū)別 the worker calling Tomthe flight number leaving Bei