初二英語形容詞和副詞的語法精講Word版

1、傳播優(yōu)秀 Word 版文檔 ，希望對您有幫助，可雙擊去除！ 初二英語形容詞和副詞的語法精講 王春娟王春娟 楊凌高新中學楊凌高新中學 教學目標： 集中學習初中英語形容詞與副詞及比較級及最高級的用法。 教學內容： （一）形容詞用法 1. 形容詞可分為兩大類：描繪形容詞和限定形容詞。描繪形容詞是描寫人或物的顏色、 尺寸、形狀、性質、狀態(tài)等的形容詞。限定形容詞用于限定被修飾詞的數(shù)量、距離、所有 關系等。除了 these 和 those 外，形容詞的單數(shù)與復數(shù)形式相同。 描繪形容詞 beautiful, large, red, interesting, colourful important 限 定 形

2、 容 詞 基數(shù)詞 (one, two) 序數(shù)詞 (first, second) 物主代詞 (my, your) 指示代詞 (this, that, these) 數(shù)量詞 (few, many) 冠 詞 (a, an, the) 2. 形容詞的位置 修飾語一般應置于被修飾語之前，但當幾個形容詞修飾同一名詞時，其排列順序一般 如下： 形容詞性代詞數(shù)量詞描 繪 形 容 詞 性質 尺寸 形狀 新舊 溫度 顏色國籍材料 all both the, a(n) this, that firstone goodlargeoldredChineseiron such your, some, many secon

3、dtwofinesmallhotblueEnglishstone Example: that strong young Chinese swimmer 注意：形容詞前有 as, so, no, too, how 等詞時，不定冠詞應置于形容詞之后。 She is too kind a girl to refuse. 在下列情況下，修飾語應置于被修飾的名詞后： （1）名詞之后的數(shù)量詞名詞old, long, wide 等。 a boy six years old, a street two kilometers long （2）為了加強語氣或音調美，將描繪形容詞置于名詞之后。 He had a f

4、ace thin and worn. （3）something, anything, everyone, anybody形容詞。 Theres nothing wrong with the electric cooker. （4）作定語用的分詞或形容詞短語 The judge has talked to all the people involved. 所包含的(形式復雜的) 3. “數(shù)詞名詞”構成的形容詞 （1）數(shù)詞名詞，如 a two-week tour, a ten-page report 等。 （2）數(shù)詞名詞形容詞，如 a seven-year-old boy 等。 （3）名詞（無冠詞

5、）基數(shù)詞=the序數(shù)詞名詞，如 Unit 6=the Sixth Unit （4） “數(shù)量詞復數(shù)名詞”作主語，雖然是復數(shù)形式，但仍然用單數(shù)動詞，作為一個 傳播優(yōu)秀 Word 版文檔 ，希望對您有幫助，可雙擊去除！ 單位來表示。如果強調個別數(shù)，則須用復數(shù)動詞。 傳播優(yōu)秀 Word 版文檔 ，希望對您有幫助，可雙擊去除！ Ten years is quite a long time to him. Two months have passed since I last heard from my parents. （二）副詞 1. 副詞的構成如下： （1）本身就是副詞，如 very, now, t

6、here, quite 等. （2）有形容詞后綴如-ly, 如 happily, carefully 等。 （3）有些副詞與形容詞同形，如 early, high, long, fast, hard 等。 注意：有些-ly 結尾的詞不是副詞而是形容詞，如 manly, friendly, queenly(女王的 威嚴的,慷慨的)等。 2. 副詞的位置 （1）修飾形容詞和副詞時，須放在被修飾詞之前，如： The scenery around here is very beautiful. （2）always, never, often, sometimes, usually 等表示頻率的副詞在一

7、般動詞前，be 動詞 后，有助動詞時，在助動詞和動詞之間。 He usually gets up early, but he got up late today. I have never met him and I hope I will never meet him. （3）有兩個以上不同種類的副詞作修飾語時，其順序為地點（小地點大地點）狀 態(tài)次數(shù)時間（單位小的時間單位大的時間） 。 They arrived in Paris safely the other day. （4）seldom, rarely, never 等具有否定意義的頻率副詞置于句首時，助動詞或 be 動詞 須放在主語的

8、前面（也叫倒裝句） ，如： Never did I hear such a funny story. =I never heard such a funny story. 3. 幾個特殊副詞的用法 （1）enough 須置于所修飾的形容詞和副詞之后；too 須置于所修飾的形容詞和副詞之 前。 She speaks English well enough to be an interpreter 譯員，口譯者 Its too hot a day to work. 但 enough 修飾名詞時須置于名詞之前。 Have you got enough money for this microwave

9、 (微波) oven (烤爐，烤箱)? （2）too(for)不定式（to） ，作“太而不能”解；enough不定式，意思是 “足夠可以” ，這一結構可轉換成 sothat 結構。 The boy was still too young to go to school. He was so young that he could not go to school. The man is rich enough to buy a Roll-Royce. He is so rich that he can buy a Roll-Royce. （3）already 用于肯定句，作“已經(jīng)”解；yet

10、用于否定句，作“還”解，用于疑問句 作“已經(jīng)”解，still 作“仍然”解。 I have already seen the film. Have you seen the film yet? I still prefer tea to coffee. （4）隨著 only 和 also 在句中位置的改變，句意和語氣也會改變。 Only Mr. Li came to see me today. 傳播優(yōu)秀 Word 版文檔 ，希望對您有幫助，可雙擊去除！ Mr. Li came to see only me today. Mr. Li came to see me only today. （三）

11、形容詞的比較等級 形容詞比較等級的規(guī)則變化如下表： 構 成 法原 級比較級最高級 1、單音節(jié)詞末尾加-er 和-est偉大的 greatgreatergreatest 2、單音節(jié)詞如以-e 結尾，只加-r 和-st brave 勇敢的 fine 好的 braver finer bravest finest 3、閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個輔音 字母，須先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-er 和-est big 大的 hot 熱的 bigger hotter biggest hottest 4、少數(shù)以-y,-er,-ow,-ble 結構的雙音節(jié)詞， 末尾加-er，和-est（以-y 結尾的詞，如-y 前

12、是輔音字母，則 y 變?yōu)?i，再加-er 和- est。以-e 結尾的詞仍只加-r 和-st） happy 快樂的 clever 聰明的 narrow 狹窄的 able 能 happier cleverer narrower abler happiest cleverest narrowest ablest 5、其它雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞皆在前面加單 詞 more 和 most. difficult 困難的 more difficult most difficult （四）形容詞比較等級部分不規(guī)則變化表 原 級比 較 級最 高 級 good well betterBest bad ill worse

13、worst many much moreMost little few lessLeast far farther further farthest furthest old older elder oldest eldest late latter later last latest （五）形容詞、副詞比較等級的基本用法 形容詞與副詞都有三個比較等級。 （1）原級常用于“as原級as”結構。 He likes her as much as he likes his sister. 否定的原級用 not asas 或 not soas,二者一般無甚區(qū)別。 He does not smoke s

14、o heavily as his brother. （2）比較級常用于“比較級than”結構。 He is taller than me. 傳播優(yōu)秀 Word 版文檔 ，希望對您有幫助，可雙擊去除！ 否定比較與否定原級一樣，也用 not as(so)as結構，也可用 lessthan 結構. This word is less frequent in British English than in American English. （3）兩個人或物比較時，定冠詞 the比較級表示最高級。 He is the taller of the two. （4）最高級常用于“the最高級比較范圍”結構

15、，比較范圍為短語或從句。 It is the best picture in the hall. （5）含有否定詞的比較級，如 no less than=as much(or many)as “不亞于” not less than=at least “至少” no lessthan =asas “和一樣” not less原級than “至少不亞于” no morethan=notany more than “和一樣不” not morethan=not soas “不像那樣” no more than=only “只不過” ，言其少 not more than=at most “不多于” ，

16、 “至少” （6）表示“幾倍于”用 twice（兩倍） ，three times（三倍）asas, This book costs twice as much as the other one. （7）the比較級,the比較級, 意思是“越就越” ，如： The harder you work , the more you will learn. （8）比較結構之前可用程度狀語加以修飾，如 asas 前可用 almost, nearly, just(about), quite 等詞語修飾，如： John is almost as tall as his father. （9）在 more t

17、han 結構之前可用 far,(so)very much, (quite)a lot, a great deal, (just)a bit, still, far 等詞語修飾，如： He speaks English a lot more rapidly than he does French. （10）比較級and比較級，作“越來越”解，如： The days are getting longer and longer. 當堂檢測： 【典型例題典型例題】 一. 形容詞與副詞練習 1. He is a _ boy. ( good, well ) 2. These are _ classroom

18、. ( bright, brightly ) 3. He is a _ man. ( real, really ) 4. He is _ a man. ( real, really ) 5. They are _ girls. ( careful, carefully ) keys: 1. good 2. bright 3. real 4. really 5. careful 6. They _ walked into the room. ( quiet, quietly ) 7. He is _ hurt. ( bad, badly ) 8. The man was _ ill. ( ser

19、ious, seriously ) 9. _ the man wasnt badly hurt. ( lucky, luckily ) 10. They are carrying some _ boxes. ( heavy, heavily ) keys: 6. quietly 7. badly 8. seriously 9. Luckily 10. heavy 11. English is _ spoken in the world. ( wide, widely ) 12. Knives are _ used for cutting things. ( wide, widely ) 傳播優(yōu)

20、秀 Word 版文檔 ，希望對您有幫助，可雙擊去除！ 13. Rice is _ grown in the south . ( main, mainly ) 14. He is a _ tall man. ( strong, strongly ) 15. He is _ ( careful, carefully ) keys: 11. widely 12. widely 13. mainly 14. strong 15. careful 16. He writes _. ( careful, carefully ) 17. He feels _.( happy, happily ) 18. H

21、e lives _. ( happy, happily ) 19. It rained _ last night. ( heavy, heavily ) 20. The rain was _.( heavy, heavily ) keys: 16. carefully 17. happy 18. happily 19. heavily 20. heavy 21. It blew _ yesterday. ( strong, strongly ) 22. The sun is shining _. ( bright, brightly ) 23. They are working _. ( ha

22、ppy, happily ) 24. He got _. ( angry, angrily ) 25. Things turn _ .( bad, badly ) keys: 21. strongly 22. brightly 23. happily 24. angry 25. bad 26. Lucy was as _ as me. ( careful , carefully ) 27. Lucy wrote as _ as me. ( careful, carefully ) 28. He cleaned the room as _ as Lily. ( quick, quickly )

23、29. He runs as _ as me .( slow, slowly ) 30. How _ the sun shone! ( bright, brightly ) keys: 26. careful 27 carefully 28. quickly 29. slowly 30. brightly 31. How _ the sun is ! ( bright, brightly ) 32. How _ the flowers are growing! ( beautiful, beautifully ) 33. How _ they are! ( happy, happily ) 3

24、4. How _ they are working! ( happy, happily ) 35. How _ the wind blew last night! ( strong, strongly ) keys: 31. bright 32. beautifully 33. happy 34. happily 35. strongly 【模擬試題模擬試題】 （答題時間：45 分鐘） 一. 形容詞 、副詞專項練習題 1. Nowadays science fiction isnt as _ as cartoons among teenagers. A. popularB. more popu

25、lar C. less popularD. the most popular 2. We are glad to see that Shanghai is developing _ these years than ever before. A. quicklyB. less quickly C. more quicklyD. the most quickly 3. The cheese cake tasted so _ that the kids asked for more. A. deliciousB. wellC. badD. badly 4. Why didnt you enjoy

26、the talk? It was _talk that I had ever listened to. A. the most interestingB. the least interesting C. more interestingD. 1ess interesting 5. Guo Yue did quite _ at the World Table Tennis Championship(錦標賽) ，but Zhang 傳播優(yōu)秀 Word 版文檔 ，希望對您有幫助，可雙擊去除！ Yining did even _ 傳播優(yōu)秀 Word 版文檔 ，希望對您有幫助，可雙擊去除！ A. be

27、tter; wellB. well; well C. well; betterD. better; better 6. Whose picture is better, Jacks or Toms Both of them are good. I think Jack draws Tom. A. as good asB. as well as C. better thanD. worse than 7. It gets very here in summer. A. coolB. coldC. warmD. hot 8. Be _, and you will do well in the En

28、glish exam. A. carefulB. politeC. sureD. friendly 9. Lin Tao is good at all the subjects at school, _English. A. reallyB. mostlyC. especiallyD. exactly 10. The coat is too expensive. Look, heres another one. Its_ _and nicer. A. dearerB. cheaperC. olderD. longer 11. The population of Tianjin is _ tha

29、n that of Shanghai. A. largerB. lessC. smallerD. fewer 12. Its raining _. We have to stay at home instead of going fishing . A. badlyB. hardlyC. heavilyD. strongly 13. Kate is as _as Maria. A. tallB. tallerC. tallestD. the tallest 14. She looks very_. I think she needs to have a rest. A. tiredB. har

30、dC. wellD. hardly 15. Tom is terribly ill. Wed better send him to hospital as _as we can. A. slowlyB. quicklyC. quietlyD. easily 16. Do you like the Moonlight Sonata? Sure, it sounds really_ A. clearB. clearlyC. beautifulD. beautifully 17. Supermarkets are necessary. People usually spend_ time findi

31、ng things they want, but they usually spend _ money than they want. A. less; lessB. less; moreC. fewer; lessD. fewer; more 18. “Do you want to improve your score in math? Try staying away from your computer!” A recent report in Britain says, “The _ students use computer at school and at home, the _

32、they do in exams of reading and math.” A. more; betterB. less; worse C. more; moreD. less; better 19. He speaks English _ an American, so we all believe that he has stayed in America for many years. A. as good asB. worse than C. as badly asD. as well as 20. The TV programme is boring. Shall we play

33、chess instead? All right. That is _ than watching a boring programme. A. very goodB. much good 傳播優(yōu)秀 Word 版文檔 ，希望對您有幫助，可雙擊去除！ C. very betterD. much better 21. Even though she looks very young, she is twice my twenty-year-old sister. A. as old asB. older than C. so old asD. as older as 22. The sooner

34、you take your medicine, you will feel. A. the more goodB. better C. the moreD. the better 23. Of the four T-shirts I like the blue one . A. much bestB. the best C. betterD. the better 24. Xiao Yang has learned to study in the U.S. A. English enoughB. enough English C. more EnglishD. much English 25.

35、 He explained it to me, but Im no wiser. A. enoughB. theC. moreD. much 26. Xiao Wangs mother bought him a racing bicycle for his birthday. A. five-speedsB. five-speed C. five-speedsD. five-speeds 二. 形容詞與副詞原級、比較級和最高級練習 1. The snow will be in North China tomorrow. A. very heavyB. much heavyC. heavier

36、2. The child is too to go to school. A. oldB. youngC. younger 3. Jim can jump than Tom. A. farB. fartherC. farthest 4. The Changjiang River is in China. A. the longB. longerC. the longest 5. Exercise One is in Lesson Ten. A. difficultB. much more difficultC. the most difficult 6. Who is , Mr. Green

37、or Mr. Smith? A. very richB. much richerC. the richest 7. This is TV set I have ever seen. A. cheaperB. the cheapestC. the most cheap 8. John is Kate. A. as young asB. as younger asC. young than 9. Do you think which classroom is in our school? A. cleanB. the cleanerC. the cleanest 10. Mr. Zhang is

38、one of in No. 1 Middle School. A. the busiest teacherB. the busiest teachersC. the busy teachers 11. Could you tell me the way to hospital, please? A. nearB. nearerC. the nearest 12. Of all the boxes, the red one is . A. heavyB. heavierC. the heaviest 13. Our school is not so as theirs. 傳播優(yōu)秀 Word 版文

39、檔 ，希望對您有幫助，可雙擊去除！ A. smallB. smallerC. the smallest 14. Miss Li is Miss Zhao. A. so younger asB. not so old asC. as older as 15. Children in the modern time are than those in the past. A. happyB. happierC. more happy 16. China is one of in the world. A. great countryB. the greatest countryC. the greatest countries 17. Kates apple i