unit 3 inventors and inventions高二下英語全單元精品學(xué)案新課標(biāo)人教版高中英語模塊8選修八學(xué)案導(dǎo)學(xué)案新課標(biāo)人教版高中英語模塊8選修八學(xué)案導(dǎo)學(xué)案

1、unit 3 inventors and inventionsthe first period warming up & skimming. warming uptask 1 look at the pictures below and discuss in pairs which pictures show inventions and which show discoveries. an amphibious car stephensons “rocket” dna_ _ _ task 2 work out the rules that will help you decide what

2、a discovery is and what an invention is?a discovery is _.an invention is _.task 3 have a look at the following modern inventions and try to explain how they changed peoples lives.discoveriesinventions1. _ 1. systems of delivering electrical light and heating to homes and offices2. household machines

3、 for washing, ironing, keeping food cold, etc3. computers, telephones, television, etc2. _1. airplane jet engines2. air balloons, etc3. _machines to help people with serious disease (like kidney failure)4. _1. body scanners to see whether you are ill2. machines to tread illnesses (like cancer). skim

4、mingtask 1 do you know the stages every inventor must go through before they can have their invention approved? inventing is a scientific activity and so follows similar stages to those used in research. work out a suitable order.1. applying for a patent ( )2. finding a problem ( ) 3. doing research

5、 ( ) 4. testing the solution ( ) 5. thinking of a creative solution ( ) 6. deciding on the invention ( )task 2 skim the whole passage and get the main idea.the text narrates _ and presents _and applying for _.task 3 divide the passage into several parts and find out the main idea for each paragraph.

6、part 1(para.1): _part 2(para.2-3): _part 3(para.4-6): _part 4(para.7-8): _ task4 summarywhat have you learnt in this period?1. i have learnt the following new words:_2. i have learnt these useful expressions:_3. i have learnt to talk about:_task5 homeworkfind out beautiful sentences and phrases you

7、like most in the text.1. _2. _3. _teaching/learning reflection:_the second period reading & language points. share the sentences you like most with your partners. readingtask 1 read the text carefully and fill in the blanks.finding a problemsnakes came near my mothers house now and then and she want

8、ed me to get rid of them without _ them.doing researchi set out to research the _ of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them.thinking of a creative solutionthree possible approaches:1) removing the snakes_2) attracting the snakes into a _ using male or female perfume or food3) _ the snakes so th

9、at they would become sleepy and could be easily caughti decided to use the _ approach. testing the solutionthree attempts: 1) putting the frozen bowl over the snakes habitat early in the morning2) putting the frozen bowl over the snakes habitat _3) putting the frozen bowl over the snakes habitat in

10、the evening and carrying a small _ to collect them the next morningthe third attempt was a success.applying for a_1) the patent office makes a search to check that your product really is _ from everyone elses.2) patent examiners examine whether your claim is _ or not.3) your application for a patent

11、 will be published _ months from the date you apply if your claim passes all the tests.task 2 read the text carefully and choose the best answer.1. how did the writer catch the snakes? ( ) a. using something the snakes were interested to attract them into a trap. b. taking their habitat to another p

12、lace. c. placing the snakes at a low temperature for them to sleep and then caught them. d. all the above.2. the writer was successful to catch the snakes in _ attempt. a. the first b. the second c. the third d. every3. the following are used in the three attempts except _. a. perfume b. a bowl c. j

13、elly d. ice-cubes4. why did cooling the snakes make them less active? ( ) a. because snakes are warm-blooded animals.b. because snakes like high temperature.c. because snakes are reptiles and their body temperature depends on the heat around them. d. none of the above.5. which of the following may g

14、et a patent according to the text? ( )a. a computer programme.b. a new animal variety.c. a work of literature.d. a truly novel and useful invention.6. the purpose in writing this text is _.a. to show us how to trap the snakes but not to kill themb. to tell people how to apply for a patent of the wri

15、ters new ideac. to introduce the writers new idea of trapping the snakes and her application for a patentd. to tell the readers how to get a new idea and make it a patent7. the biggest advantage of the writers new idea is that _a. it makes the snakes move slowlyb. it makes the snakes hardly bite usc

16、. it is easier for us to kill the snakes without hurting ourselvesd. it is easier for us to catch the snakes without killing them8. which statement is true according to the text? ( ) a. the snakes were so sleepy in the second attempt that they couldnt bite the writer at all.b. your product must be d

17、ifferent from everybody elses if you want to receive a patent.c. the writer decided to send her invention to the patent office the moment she succeeded in catching the snakes.d. if an application for your product proves to be valid, you can get a patent immediately.task 3read and answer the question

18、s.1. what was the mother upset about?2. why was the writer happy to help her mother?3. why did cooling make the snakes less active?task 4 summary fill in the blanks according to the text. 1_the writer called up her mother in the country on the phone, she learned that snakes came near their house and

19、 that the snakes seemed 2_ (make) their home near their house. the writer felt proud and considered 3_a chance for her to distinguish 4_by inventing something 5_would catch snakes but not harm them. she set about 6_ (research) the habits of snakes. she decided to cool them so that they could be 7_ (

20、easy) caught. however, her first two plans were not successful. as a result, she had to attempt a 8_time, which helped her fulfill her aim successfully. she was 9_delighted that she was determined to send her 10_ (invent) to the patent office to get recognition for her successful idea. homework1. re

21、view and retell the text.2. discuss with your partner what the advantages might be of getting a patent. language pointstask 1 let us learn some useful expressions!1. here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.這回我有機(jī)會來表現(xiàn)自己,我

22、要發(fā)明某種東西,既可以把蛇捉住,而又不會傷害它們?！驹~語歸納】distinguish right from wrong 明辨是非distinguish good from evil 分辨善惡distinguish sb. in a crowd 在人群中認(rèn)出某人distinguish oneself by scholarship 學(xué)問超群distinguish oneself 使自己與眾不同;使自己出名distinguish.from.= tell.from. 辨別,識別;把和區(qū)別開 be distinguished for 以而著名 【即學(xué)即練】將下列句子譯成英語。(1)不能辨別顏色的人稱為色

23、盲。_ (2)這人憑著智慧使自己揚名。_ (3)明辨是非當(dāng)然要緊。_2. i set about researching the habits of snakes so i could trap them in the easiest way.于是我就著手研究蛇的習(xí)性,以便能用最簡易方法來捕蛇。 【詞語歸納】set about(doing)sth. 開始做某事set out to do sth. 開始做某事set out 出發(fā),啟程set off 出發(fā),動身,使爆炸set aside 留出,對不予以考慮set down 記下,寫下set up 設(shè)置,造成,產(chǎn)生【即學(xué)即練】選用上述短語完成句子。

24、(1)we _ discussing when and how we should finish the task.(2)the sooner we _ it, the sooner well finish it.(3)as a traditional way to celebrate the new year, _ firecrackers is welcomed by most chinese people.(4)he is used to _ his important thoughts in his diary.3. they abruptly disappeared into a c

25、onvenient hole in the wall.它們突然一下子就消失在墻壁附近的洞里去了。閱讀下列句子，學(xué)習(xí)convenient, convenience的用法。(1)will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow？(adj.方便的)(2)i keep my reference books near my desk for convenience. (n.方便)(3)for your convenience, the bank is open until 7 p.m. (n.方便)【短語歸納】for(ones)convenienc

26、e 為了(某人的)方便at ones convenience 在某人方便時it is convenient for sb. 方便某人it is convenient to do sth. 方便做某事4. leave the beaten track occasionally and dive into the woods.偶爾離開平路，深入到林子里去。 閱讀下列句子,學(xué)習(xí)dive/dive into的用法。(1)he dived into the history of china. (潛心研究)(2)he dived into his pockets and fished out(掏出)one

27、 dollar. (迅速把手伸進(jìn))(3)the boy dived from the bridge to rescue the drowning child. (跳入)【即學(xué)即練】根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的漢語提示完成句子。(1)she _to save the boy. (跳入水中)(2)they _. (潛心鉆研癌癥的治療辦法)(3)when the rain started, we_. (立即跑進(jìn)了一家小餐館)5. i cant get through.我接不通電話。閱讀下列句子，學(xué)習(xí)get through的不同的含義。(1) the passage is too narrow for cars to

28、 get through.（穿過；通過）(2)our message doesnt seem to have got through; weve had no reply though it was sent several days ago.（到達(dá)目的地）(3)ive pile of papers to get through before the meeting.（讀完；理解；消化）(4)i rang you several times but wasnt able to get through. (接通電話)(5)i got through the novel in one evenin

29、g.（看完；完成）(6)he has got through all the money i lent him. (用完，花光)(7)we wish to get through the business quickly. (辦完，做完)【詞語歸納】get a prize獲獎 get a telegram收到電報 get a bad cold患重感冒 get rid of擺脫,除去 get together收集,聚集 get angry生氣 get caught in the rain遇雨 get away from(使)擺脫,對置之不理get down to doing sth.著手辦理(某

30、事)【即學(xué)即練】選用上述詞組完成句子。(1)could you _ the bad habit of smoking?(2)he has _ the rain and is wet through.(3)he didnt come because he couldnt _ his work.(4)its time i _ doing some serious work.task 2 go through the text again, find out the difficult sentences and discuss with your partner. if necessary, tu

31、rn to the teacher for help.task 3 當(dāng)堂檢測1.過街道時你要更加小心。you must be careful_ the street.2.問到她的私人問題時，她不回答。_ 3.如有必要,你可以參看筆記。 _4.我做夢也沒想到這些人生活在如此差的環(huán)境中。 _ in my wildest dreams _ i imagine these people are living in such poor conditions.5.他也不知道句子的意思。_task4 summarywhat have you learnt in this period?1. i have l

32、earnt the following new words:_2. i have learnt these useful expressions:_3. from the text, i have learnt:_. homework用本單元所學(xué)詞組、句型翻譯下列短文我和同學(xué)不時去爬白云山。昨天我們又去那里了。一大早，我就開始給同學(xué)打電話以防他們遲到。七點整我們出發(fā)。 但沒多久就開始下起小雨,我們都沒帶雨傘。所以我們迅速走進(jìn)路邊的一家商店買雨傘。我很喜歡一把綠色雨傘，可是，我忘記帶錢包。我只好與朋友共用一把雨傘，繼續(xù)向白云山前進(jìn)。我們到達(dá)山腳時，雨還在下個不停。所以我們是在雨停了之后才開始爬山

33、的。從山頂上望下去，廣州看起來更美麗。在山頂，我們玩得很開心。我們正要下山時，我的手機(jī)響了，是我媽媽。不幸的是,當(dāng)我準(zhǔn)備接聽電話時,發(fā)現(xiàn)電話有問題,我只好借用同學(xué)的手機(jī)告訴她回家后我再給她回電話,然后就掛了電話。這一天雖然發(fā)生了一些小意外,但我仍然感到很興奮和開心。_teaching/learning reflection:_the third period grammar過去分詞作定語、表語、賓補. lead in1、過去分詞作定語1）一般來說，單個的過去分詞作定語時放在被修飾的詞之前，過去分詞短語作定語時放在被修飾的詞之后。如：the old man is an honoured gues

34、t. 這位老人是一位貴賓。 most of the people invited to the conference were my old friends.大多數(shù)被邀請參加會議的人都是我的老朋友。2）如果單個的過去分詞所修飾的詞是代詞those或是由some / any / no / every + thing / body / one所構(gòu)成的不定代詞時，通常過去分詞要放在被修飾的詞之后。如：there is almost nothing changed since i left the town two years ago.自從我兩年前離開以來，這個鎮(zhèn)幾乎沒有什么變化。3）一般來說，a)及

35、物動詞的過去分詞作定語時，表示一個被動的、已完成的動作；b)不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語時，只表示完成，不表示被動意義。如：a damaged bridge 一座被毀壞的橋 polluted air and water 被污染的空氣和水fallen leaves 落葉 a retired teacher 一位退休的教師2、過去分詞作表語1）表示主語的特點或所處的狀態(tài)，其前可有quite, very, rather等修飾詞。如:when he came to the door of his house, he found the door was locked.當(dāng)他到達(dá)家門口的時候，他發(fā)現(xiàn)門是鎖著

36、的。he seemed quite delighted at the idea.聽了這想法他似乎很高興。2） 過去分詞作表語時，系動詞除了是be之外，還可以是appear, feel, remain, seem, look, sound, get, become等。如：he appeared very satisfied with the result of the exam. 他好像對這次考試結(jié)果很滿意。the children looked very puzzled when they heard what the teacher said just now.孩子們聽了老師剛才講的話看起來

37、很困惑。3) 作表語的過去分詞主要來自及物動詞, 少數(shù)不及物動詞(如go, come等)的過去分詞作表語時, 不表示被動意義, 只表示動作的完成。如: they are gone for vacation. 他們度假去了。3、過去分詞作賓語補足語1）所表示的動作和賓語有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。如：you should raise your voice to make yourself heard. 你應(yīng)該大聲點, 以便讓別人聽見。2）跟過去分詞作賓語補足語的詞可以是表示感覺或思維活動的動詞(短語)，如: see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, list

38、en to, find, feel, think, consider等。如：when he returned, he found his room thoroughly cleaned. 他回來的時候, 發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的房間已被徹底打掃了。3）跟過去分詞作賓語補足語的詞可以是表示“致使”意義的動詞，如：have, make, get, keep, leave等。如：he couldnt keep his eyes shut to all this. 他不能對這一切視而不見。4) 跟過去分詞作賓語補足語的詞可以是表示“愛憎”、“要求”、“意愿”等意義的動詞，如：like, hate, order, w

39、ant, wish, expect等。如：i wish my homework finished before five oclock.我希望五點前完成我的作業(yè)。5) 除了動詞外，介詞with也可跟過去分詞作賓語補足語。如：the great writer died with his works unfinished. 這位偉大的作家去世時，他的著作還沒有完成。.summary一、 動詞-ed形式作定語過去分詞作定語往往與被修飾的詞靠得很緊, 漸漸地成為一個復(fù)合詞。這種分詞叫分詞形容詞 (the participle adjective), 實際上相當(dāng)于一個單純的形容詞, 除表示“完成”的動作

40、之外, 還表示“被動”的意義。如：spoken english (英語口語)；iced beer (冰凍啤酒)；cooked food (熟食); fried chips (炸土豆條); 但要注意不及物動詞的過去分詞常表示“完成”的動作, 而不表示“被動”意義。如: boiled water(開水); fallen leaves(落葉) ; the risen sun(升起的太陽)等。1.the tall man is a returned student高個子的那個人是個歸國留學(xué)生。2. my parents are both retired teachers 我的父母都是退休教師。(一)

41、前置定語單個的動詞-ed形式,一般放在被修飾的名詞的前面, 作前置定語。 the excited people rushed into building. 激動的人們沖進(jìn)大樓。 (=the people who were excited) lost time can never be found again 虛度的時光, 無法挽回。 (=time which is lost)(二) 后置定語少數(shù)單個動詞的-ed形式, 如left等, 只能作后置定語。 1. everything used should be marked 所有用過的東西應(yīng)該做好標(biāo)記。 2. among the invited

42、were some ladies 被邀請的人中, 有些是女士。 3. the books left are for my students 剩下的書是給我的學(xué)生的。動詞-ed形式短語作定語時, 通常要放在被修飾的名詞的后面, 在意思上相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。及物動詞的過去分詞作定語用來表示被動,可改為帶被動語態(tài)的定語從句;不及物動詞的過去分詞(僅限于單個過去分詞,且不能后置)則表示完成,可改為帶有完成時態(tài)的定語從句。 1. is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活動嗎? (=that has been planned for tonight)2.

43、the meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success這次會議有很多人出席, 開得很成功。 (=which was attended by a lot of people)3. we drank some boiled water(=which had boiled )and went on with our work.我們喝了一些開水后就繼續(xù)工作。注意:這里的過去分詞的邏輯主語應(yīng)是被修飾的詞, 改為定語從句時關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)與之一致。當(dāng)堂檢測一：1. most of the artists_ to the party were from so

44、uth africa. a. invited b. to invite c. being invited d. had been invited 2. the first text books_ for teaching english as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. a. having written b. to be written c. being written d. written3. the olympic games,_ in 776 bc, didnt include women players until

45、 1912.a. first playing b. to be first played c. first played d. to be first playing4. prices of daily foods_ through a computer can be lower than prices in stores. a. are bought b. bought c. been bought d. buying5. mr. smith, _ of the speech, started to read a _ novel. a. tired, boring b. tiring, bored c. tired, bored d. tiring, boring二、動詞-ed形式作表語過去分詞作表語并無“完成”或“被動”之意，而是表示主語的狀態(tài)或思想感情等。如：he looked worried after reading the letter看完信后, 他顯得很憂慮。when we heard of it, we were deeply moved當(dāng)我們聽到這件事時, 被深深地感動了。 he seemed quite