淺析《霧都孤兒》中費(fèi)金人物形象

1、 學(xué)號(hào)：1005114159 淺析淺析霧都孤兒霧都孤兒中費(fèi)金人物形象中費(fèi)金人物形象 學(xué) 院 名 稱： 外 國(guó) 語(yǔ) 學(xué) 院 專 業(yè) 名 稱： 英 語(yǔ) 教 育 年 級(jí) 班 別： 2010 級(jí) 5 班 姓 名： 李 佳 瑜 指 導(dǎo) 教 師： 周 桂 芝 2014 年 5 月 河南師范大學(xué) 本科畢業(yè)論文 an analysis of the image of fagin a thesis submitted to faculty of international studies of henan normal university in partial fulfillment of the requi

2、rements for the degree of bachelor of arts by li jiayu supervisor：zhou guizhi may, 2014 acknowledgements with the composition of the thesis coming to an end, i have at last obtained an opportunity to express my gratitude to my supervisor, zhou guizhi, who has not only given me her generous and instr

3、uctive advice, and valuable materials, but also spent much time reading and correcting the manuscript of the thesis. besides, teachers constant encouragement and help during my study here could not be underestimated for the fulfillment of this thesis. i am also thankful to other teachers of english

4、department, whose courses i have attended and from whom i have learned much. i would also like to acknowledge my deep indebtedness to my parents who spare no pains bringing me up. 摘要摘要 費(fèi)金是狄更斯作品霧都孤兒中的一個(gè)反面人物的典型代表。他被譽(yù)為是邪惡的 化身。費(fèi)金是個(gè)悲劇性的人物，而他的悲劇人生是自身因素和社會(huì)環(huán)境共同作用的結(jié)果。 本論將從其雙重人格，多面性以及內(nèi)心世界來(lái)深刻的剖析和展示這個(gè)人物形象，以揭示 造

5、成人物悲慘命運(yùn)的種種原因以及家庭與社會(huì)環(huán)境對(duì)個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)的影響。 ，展示因果報(bào)應(yīng)的 人生哲學(xué)以及人性的脆弱。 關(guān)鍵詞關(guān)鍵詞：費(fèi)金; 人物形象; 霧都孤兒; 分析 中文摘要要求在 200 字左右abstract fagin is a typical representative of villain in dickens oliver twist. he is often hailed as the embodiment of evil. fagin is a tragic figure, and his tragic end is the interaction results of his ow

6、n defeets and the social environment. this paper will analyze the figure from his dual personality, multi-faceted as well as the inner world . at the same time, a variety of reasons to cause the tragic fate of this figure will be discussed, the family background and social environment play a vital r

7、ole in individual development, and the karma philosophy of life, and the fragility of human nature be illustrated. key words: fagin; image; oliver twist; analysis 根據(jù)中文摘要，重新修改英文摘要 table of contents 格式不對(duì)格式不對(duì) acknowledgements. 摘要 . abstract. table of contents. chapter one fagin with dual personality.1

8、1.1 a brief introduction to oliver twist.j建議這里增加一節(jié) 1.2 fagin of cruelty and evil.3 1.3 fagin of mildness and kindness.5 chapter two fagin with two faces.8 2.1 fagin with a devils face.8 2.2 fagin with an angels face.9 chapter three fagin, reasons for his tragic fate 你的目錄太短，這里要加上小標(biāo)題，擴(kuò) 充內(nèi)容 3.1.11 3.2

9、3.3 3.4 conclusion.14 works cited.15 chapter one fagin with dual personality 1.1 a brief introduction to oliver twist oliver twist is dickens early socialistic work that reveals the social condition at that time. many readers focus on the writing techniques, writing styles or writing features of the

10、 work. some do research on the detailed expression of characterization and make comment on the creative background and literary values. this paper intends to analyze another key character fagin in the work through his dual personality and his different attitude to people. probing his inner world, hi

11、s mind experience will be revealed. both good and evil will be rewarded. fagin ends up his life with being hanged. however, his inner world is colorful. with the unknown loneliness, weakness and even sadness，though he is guilty of the most heinous crimes and is driven into an impasse. its possible t

12、hat just because of these reasons, a criminal is made, and his evil is more vicious. this paper attempts to call on all the society to pay attention to the true fact hidden under the surface so that it draw the whole societys focus. there is a wide range of research on oliver twist at present. for e

13、xample, mr. lu jingo has published an article “charles and his oliver twist” in 2004, providing detailed information about the creative background and literary values of oliver twist and also commenting on dickens writing techniques so that readers can have a relatively deep understanding of the gre

14、at master. and also dickens works have constantly studied on by some other writers of literature classes in foreign universities, among which university of california in america is the most famous one. oliver twist is charles dickenss first fully crafted novel created at the age of 25. this young no

15、velist set english socialist painter william hogarth as his example and faced life bravely, truly exposing the poor life of london slums at that time. it contains a lofty moral purpose that protests the inequality of the society, calls for the public opinions and carries out the revolution so that t

16、he poor people can receive rescues. accordingly, dickens has been defined as “the founder and the greatest representative in british socialist literature” by some scholars in china. chen ting “charles dickens”( liaoning people publishing 1982 )in oliver twist, good and evil are everywhere. developin

17、g in clash and making a clear contrast, good and evil are the two opposite sides in humanity. but in general, the evil will never be prosperous, and virtue will be successful for ever. the novel, oliver twist just wants to reveal the moral principles. at the end of it, different characters gain thei

18、r different destiny. their fates present themselves in two different ways, that is, the fagin gangs miserable end and the twist gangs perfect end. in fagins gang, fagin is hanged, which can be seen as a most tragic end. of course, his fate is decided by his most evil crimes. as for sikes, he is shot

19、 to death because of his attempting to escape when is arrested. maybe this man is the most irritable one of all the thieves. his personality makes even fagin to be afraid of him. then, what about nancy? she is the most controversial character in the novel. she is brought up by fagin and she is also

20、a member of the gang. but when she encounters twist, she begins to change. she tries her best to explore the angel side of her personality and makes all her efforts to help the poor orphan. what she has done damaged the benefits of her gang, so finally, she is cruelly killed. how about jack dawkins

21、and tom? justice cant let them go. they are finally put in prison. on the contrary, the oliver gang all take an excellent end, especially, olivier twist himself. he is adopted by a gentleman who is his fathers best friend and lives near his aunty. so there cannot be such a good ending any more. fagi

22、n is the main character to be discussed in the paper, and also he is a key role in the novel. dickens meticulously portrays a fagin with broken-up personality who is both normal and crazy at times .that is, in daily life, he is a lively old man, but he is a devil when connected with money and desire

23、. in fact, he is a rebel of british social order and a chief criminal who forces the weak to step on the criminal road, and also an output of british corrupt reality. although he is evil, he is also weak when encountering the more powerful forces. he has a dual personality and many different faces p

24、repared for different people. he is cruel and evil in appearance. but what does it look like in his inner world? everyone should be responsible for what he does, though there must be reasons for him do the thing. however, even criminals are not bad from head to feet. they still have the kind side or

25、 something thats worth pity. so we should try our best to look at people and things dialectically. thus we can have a more comprehensive and objective understanding about everything. so in this thesis, an in-depth analysis of the image of fagin, the key character in the novel will be given out, thro

26、ugh his dual personality, his different faces to different people, and then probe into his inner world. only in this way, the figure will be made clear before readers. this paper consists of five main parts : chapter one fagin with dual personality , chapter two fagin with two face , chapter three r

27、easons for his tragic fate, chapter four conclusion . 1.2fagin of cruelty and evil dickens meticulously portrayed a personality-divided figure whose name is fagin in his oliver twist. “sometimes he is normal and sometimes he is crazy, that is, when he gets along with his complacent disciples, jack d

28、awkins, charles bates and others in daily life, he is a lively, mild and humorous old man. but once he has connected with money and desire, he will become as evil as a devil at once.” (chen ting, 1982:85) with the development of the story, he is always accompanied with the dual personality until he

29、is dead, which leaves readers a deep impression . as a matter of fact, fagin cannot be regarded as one of the most cruel and malevolent characters in the novel. but his cruelty and evil are the dirtiest and make people feel disgusted and hatful the first appearance of fagin in the novel is that when

30、 he is introduced by dodger to oliver who arrives london after 7-day hard and tough travel on foot. as soon as oliver gets to london, he becomes a target of dodger who is roaming in the street. with the guard of dodger, they come across countless roads and streets and many dirty and wretched places

31、that even oliver has never seen, then at the bottom of hill, they get to the fagins place. fagin is fiddling with some sausages: “in a frying pan which was on the fire, and which was secured to the mantelshelf by a string, some sausages were cooking; and standing with them, with a toasting fork in h

32、is hand, was a very old, shriveled jew, whose villainous-looking and repulsive face was obscured by a quantity of matted red hair.” (dickens, 2003:87) this is fagin. his face cant be clearly seen and his expression can be easily read. a man with red hair implies a symbol of evil itself, especially o

33、n a head who is not young and not for fashion. so when dickens decides to describe him as a red-hair old man, he has already poured some bad emotion even discrimination into the character. also his ugly appearance can be easily connected with his soul. chinese people always believe the superstition

34、that ones facial feature can tell something of ones nature. accordingly, it is true of fagin. after dodger introduces oliver to the old jew, he does a series of actions to “welcome the small poor boy. “the jew ginned, and, making a low obeisance to oliver, took him by the hand; and hoped he should h

35、ave the honor of his intimate acquaintaces.” (dickens, 2003:87) in common sense,“an old man, who is at his age, doesnt do such things especially to a ten-year-old boy.”（ lu jingo, 1981:87） but fagin is not a common person, he is a thief. yet oliver has become his target since he stepped into the roo

36、m. of course, he doesnt have anything that is worth stealing. he is a big treasure himself to fagin. he is unfortunate to be the next one who is used as a victim and tool by fagin. an evil seal is fixed to the old jew. in the novel, fagins association with sikes, who is his another gangster also sho

37、ws his inferior position. sikes is crueler and easier to get angry. in his eyes, fagin is an aged man who should have been dead long ago. he hates him and curses him as much as possible, but never did he really want to kill the old man. however, fagin doesnt slightly think like this. he gets lots of

38、 humiliation from the man, and he hates him and wants to kill him when he gets a proper chance. so after the failure of stealing for their common benefits, sikes has to disappear for a while in order to escape from being arrested. the chance is coming. fagin asks his complacent follower nancy to kil

39、l sikes when he steps into that room and warns her that if not, she will regret forever. he does these only because of his greedy emotion, his selfish characteristics and desire for more benefits. he is the real monster who drops stones on his fellows when they have fallen into a well. his series of

40、 actions to fiddle with his own property are unfortunately noticed by oliver showing his greedy. then he states furiously upward bills with rage, prepares to kill oliver with a knife. “he closed the lid of box with a loud crash: and, lying his hand on a bread knife which was on the table, started fu

41、riously up. he trembled very much though.；for, even in his terror; oliver could see that the knife quivered in the air.” (dickens,2003 :91)oliver is frightened to death. as a matter of fact, he doesnt know anything about what is happening, he doesnt even know what his fault is. he is puzzled. his ex

42、perience can not make him clear that something is so social, and so vulgar. his soul is still purely white with no flaw, but the jews is not. “he has already influenced by too many dirty things, unpleasant experience and even some disgusting common practices in the society. so its easy for him to us

43、e colored eyes to examine everyone, even a 10-year-old small boy.” (wang zuoliang 1996:78) finally he finds himself to be too hypersensitive, and have high assess of olivers intelligence, so he abruptly resumes his old manner and becoming a lively and mild old man again. there is a clear spark of so

44、mething split in his personality, but his cruelty and evil goes without doubt. 1.3 fagin of mildness and kindness the same as most of the contradictory things are in the world, good and evil are also a unity of the opposites. “yet humanity is not absolutely good or evil.” (andre maurois, 1984:43) th

45、e old jew-fagin who makes people boil with anger in the novel, he is left with black stage, the crossbeam, the rope and all the hideous apparatus of death finally. but what can we learn from his lasting echo? maybe he is regretting for everything he had done, maybe he is crying for the deplorable fa

46、te of himself, and maybe he is self-questioning for what he has left to the common people. the humanity is originally good, and there is no distinction between good and evil originally. fagin, a big devil in the novel, is also mild and kind. just as what has being narrated in the chapter above, the

47、old jew will become an evil devil until he is connected with money and desire. “the author dickens has endowed him with a kind aspect of humanity originally when he portrays this character with broken-up personality, even though its just a fine hope of dickens, which makes fagin become a person with

48、 dual personality.” (chen jia, 1986:54) the kind side of humanity aslo presents itself in fagin. “thinking that perhaps his fondness for the dodger and the other boy cost him a good deal of money, he only cost a deferential look at the jew.” (dickens, 2003:92) here fagin is a great image in olivers

49、mind at the moment. although this is the first time he meets with the old man and other boys, but he can obviously feel that the old man brings a lot of happiness to these boys. and also they seem to like him very much. at this point, he should be regarded as a mild and kind person. once when oliver

50、 is sent to steal with bill sikes as an assistant, while oliver is waiting for someone to pick him up, fagin warns oliver: “oliver saw the jew was gazing fixedly at him, with lowering and contracted brows, from the dark end of room. take head, oliver! take head! said the old man, and thinks nothing

51、of blood when his own is up. whatever falls out, say nothing; and do what he bids you. mind！” dickens, 2003:222) the old jew tries his best to persuade oliver to take the sikess order without preconditions, because he knows sikes too much better than oliver. he knows the cruelty and evil of the roug

52、h man. he is just as mad as a lunatic that he is possible to do anything, even to drive oliver to his death, maybe, just because of a small improper word of action. fagin clearly knows the boys mind which is still pure and innocent, and obviously he is still not a member of his gang. the boy is much

53、 more likely to make all his efforts to do something unprofitable to them, to the gang. all these are easy for fagin to read from olivers first failure experience of his trade. now he uses his experience and conscience to persuade the poor boy not to do foolish things, because all his revolts will n

54、ot be effective, but make him lose his own life. when he is gazing fixedly at oliver with lowering brows from the dark end of room, he also inspects himself, including his past, his present and even his future. he has already been lost in thought. “his solely existing conscience reminds him of somet

55、hing that should not be done,” (pan mingyuan, 1996:2) because the boy is absolutely possible to lose his young life in this trade. but just a few seconds later, he comes back to reality again. the boy must be sent to do the most dangerous business for his own benefits, and what he can do now is just

56、 stressing again and again that oliver must say nothing and do anything sikes bids him. he does this just in order to reduce his sense of evil. he doesnt want to get the information of olivers death at all. without considering what wishful thinking is made by fagin for his future plan, but now, his

57、care about olivers safety is a truth. in this sense, the conscience of the old man does not vanish completely. “every person is made of blood and fresh.” (liu binshan, 1993:41) at the end of the novel, fagin is hanged. oliver goes the cell with mr. brownlow to see him for the last time. they embrace

58、 each other and he doesnt do harm to oliver who can be regarded as one witness sending him to prison, and he even tells oliver some secrets that he is not willing to tell any other person. from this point of view, oliver seems to be more ungrateful. however, this means a single hair out of nine hide

59、s compared with whose monstrous crimes. he can never get clear of his fate. finally oliver wishes that god can forgive the wretched man, and the boy cries with a burst of tears. a chinese saying says, “the poor people must have something that deserves to be hated.” “his fate completely is determined

60、 by what he has done.” (wang zhiguo, 1991:126) all these show olivers good and purity. but if fagin treats him too bad in the past, he will not come here, or even make a prayer for him. olivers actions have already shown the old jews warmhearted side with which oliver has ever being treated. sage co