翻譯學(xué)畢業(yè)論文

1、南京大學(xué)2006年度本科優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）一等獎(jiǎng)（2002級(jí)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院唯一一篇獲全校一等獎(jiǎng)的學(xué)士論文） a critical analysis of the translations of public signs in nanjing byzhang yanping under the supervision ofprofessor ke ping submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirementsfor the degree of bachelor of arts department of englishschool of fore

2、ign studiesnanjing universitymay 30, 2006 acknowledgement upon the accomplishment of this thesis, i would like to convey my sincere gratitude to professor ke ping, my supervisor, without whose help and support this thesis would nothave been impossible to be completed and presented in its present for

3、m. his instructions and suggestions guideddirectedme in planning and implementing thisto keep on my study in a methodicalrewarding way. his earnestness in academic research inspired me and motivated me to carry outpersist in my study despite the physically and mentally demanding field work involved

4、in the study. moreoversurvey. besides, his strictness regard toin details promptedencouraged me to refine myrevise this thesis relentlessly in terms of itslanguage and formatand improve my command of english. my thanks also go to professor he chengzhou, who supported me from the very beginning to ta

5、ke up the present topic of study, though itse initial approval of my research subject matter encouraged me to go through my investigation on the spot, which called for tonspiles of work. in addition, he was kind enough to keep giving me a push in his class, which helped me tobring this thesis projec

6、tmy study to a desirable end. besides, i want to give my thanks to my classmate and researchpartner, li xiaosa, for the efforts sheever madetogether with me to collect all thevaluable translation samples needed for the study fromin the public places in nanjing. finally, i wish to thank my parents, w

7、hosefrom the bottom of my heart. theirenormous love and support have accompanied me throughout my four years study at nanjinguniversity. without themircare, i could have gone nowhere. 摘要 本研究文的目的在于揭示公共標(biāo)識(shí)語(yǔ)漢英翻譯中應(yīng)遵守的原則和所采取的翻譯方法和策略技巧，以使公共標(biāo)識(shí)語(yǔ)的譯文遵從目標(biāo)語(yǔ)同類(lèi)可比文本的規(guī)范，獲得目標(biāo)語(yǔ)讀者和觀眾的認(rèn)同，實(shí)現(xiàn)達(dá)到其信息傳遞和呼喚吁大眾的實(shí)際功能。 本研究文主要以紐馬克

8、的翻譯教程（2001）為理論基礎(chǔ)。紐馬克認(rèn)為不同的文體文本翻譯應(yīng)采取不同的翻譯方法。他將文本分成三種類(lèi)型:表達(dá)型、信息型和呼喚吁型；表達(dá)型文本適用語(yǔ)義翻譯，信息型和呼喚吁型文本適用交際翻譯。鑒于公共標(biāo)識(shí)主要向公眾傳遞信息和發(fā)出呼喚吁的功能,作者認(rèn)為公共標(biāo)識(shí)語(yǔ)的翻譯宜采用交際翻譯。 本研究是通過(guò)語(yǔ)料研究和問(wèn)卷調(diào)查進(jìn)行的，研究方法為定性分析。研究作者實(shí)地調(diào)查了南京公共場(chǎng)所的雙語(yǔ)標(biāo)識(shí)牌，收集大量實(shí)例，分門(mén)別類(lèi)地分析了翻譯中存在的問(wèn)題；并選擇部分有代表性的標(biāo)識(shí)語(yǔ)翻譯收入問(wèn)卷,邀請(qǐng)母語(yǔ)為英語(yǔ)的人士回答了問(wèn)卷。 調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)南京現(xiàn)有公共標(biāo)識(shí)語(yǔ)的翻譯多采用直譯而忽略交際翻譯,導(dǎo)致了很多語(yǔ)用失誤之處。在語(yǔ)料研究的

9、基礎(chǔ)上,作者發(fā)現(xiàn)列舉了一些最為常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤類(lèi)型，如詞語(yǔ)的誤用、語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤、譯法不統(tǒng)一致、譯文冗長(zhǎng)累贅、不忠實(shí)原文等等。 針對(duì)以上此現(xiàn)狀,研究本文作者探討了在公共標(biāo)識(shí)語(yǔ)漢英翻譯中為達(dá)到交際效果譯者而須宜采用取的翻譯策略技巧，如解釋性翻譯、增譯、減譯(或不譯)和改譯等，并四種技巧，繼而提出公共標(biāo)識(shí)語(yǔ)翻譯應(yīng)遵守準(zhǔn)確性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性和忠實(shí)性的主要原則，即準(zhǔn)確性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性和忠實(shí)性。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：為了取得預(yù)期的達(dá)到交際效果，公共標(biāo)識(shí)語(yǔ)的譯文還應(yīng)遵從目標(biāo)語(yǔ)同類(lèi)可比文本的規(guī)范，即字?jǐn)?shù)較少、選使用常見(jiàn)用詞語(yǔ)和簡(jiǎn)單的句子結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單。 本研究雖然本研究存在一些缺陷和不足，但其本研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)在實(shí)踐和理論方面都有一定的意義。在實(shí)踐方面，

10、它針對(duì)公共標(biāo)識(shí)語(yǔ)的翻譯現(xiàn)狀提出了可操作性強(qiáng)的翻譯策略與方法和技巧；在理論上，本文說(shuō)明了翻譯研究并非只能用已有的翻譯理論來(lái)解決翻譯問(wèn)題，而是需要把已有的翻譯理論和其他學(xué)科的研究理論（如語(yǔ)料庫(kù)語(yǔ)言學(xué)和語(yǔ)用學(xué)）相結(jié)合,從而更有效地解決翻譯中面臨的實(shí)際問(wèn)題。 abstract the purpose of this research is to find out thesome main principles governing, andtranslation strategies andmethods workable inand skills to guidechinese-english (c-

11、e) translation of public signs so that the informative and vocative functions of such texts can be fulfilled. the theoretical basis of this thesis came from a textbook of translation, written by newmark (2001). newmark points out three main functions of language, namely the expressive, informative a

12、nd vocative functions, and argues that informative and vocative texts should be communicatively translated.considering that the chief functions ofpublic signs arein the light of theinformative and vocativefunctions of public signs, the study concluded that thecommunicative translation approachshould

13、 be adoptedapplied in translatingsuch texts. this research was based on fieldcorpus study and surveys, and involved used comparable corpus andqualitative analysis. the author investigated many bilingual public signs in nanjing, collected a number of them as samples andcritically analyzed the mainexi

14、sting problems identified inof these translations. besides, ten translations of public signs were selected and transcribed in aforthe questionnaire, which was administered to a group of native english speakers (including a linguistics professor) totest their communicative effect.some native english

15、speakers, including a linguistics professor, were asked to respond to the questionnaire. the study found outthat translators of public signs are inclined to translate adoptliterally andtranslation while neglect theing communicative function of the originaltranslation. on the basis of corpus study, t

16、he thesis discovered some most common types of translationmistake, includingnamely, misuse of words, grammatical mistakes, inconsistency in referring to the same object, wordy translations and unfaithful translations, and came up with four translation strategies that are advised to be adopted by the

17、 translator to avoid these mistakesskills, namely, paraphrase, amplification, reduction (or zero translation) and adaptation. the thesis,and concludesd that accuracy, economy and faithfulness should be the main principles to be followed in the c-e translation of public signs. theis research also fou

18、ndout that in order to achieve communicative effect, the translation of public signs should conformadaptto suchthe conventions of english public signs, such as shortness in length, plainness in vocabulary and simplicity in sentence structure. despite itssomelimitations, the present research is signi

19、ficant in that it yields some importantthefindings regarding the problems existing in thec-e translation of public signs in nanjing and offers some feasible solutions to these problems.of this are practically significant in that they provide workable translation methods and skills for c-e translatio

20、n of public signs so that some translation problems can be solved more effectively. table of contents acknowledgement摘要 abstractchapter one introduction.1.1 literature review.1.1.1 basic concepts.(1) public signs.(2) language functions.(3) translation methods.1.1.2 rationale for the research.1.1.3 p

21、revious researches.theoretical study.c-e translation of public signs.1.2 research purpose.1.3 organization of the thesis.chapter two methodology.2.1 samples.2.2 instrument2.3 sampling.chapter three results and discussions.3.1 a critical analysis of the problems in translations of public signs.3.1.1 inaccurate translations.(1) misuse of words and grammatical