初一英語語法-時態(tài)專題復(fù)習(xí)

1、初一英語語法，時態(tài)專題復(fù)習(xí)一、一般現(xiàn)在時：（1、現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。2、經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性動作。3、主語所具備的性格和能力。4、真理。1、標(biāo)志：often（經(jīng)常）,usually（通常）,sometimes（有時）,always（總是）,never（從不）,on Sundays（在星期天）every day/month/year（每一天/月/年）2、結(jié)構(gòu)：（1）主語+連系動詞be(am/is/are)+名詞/形容詞/數(shù)詞/介詞短語/副詞等做表語表狀態(tài)（包括There be +n.）練習(xí)：1.I_(be) a student. My name_(be) Tom. 2. Where _(be) my shoes

2、? They_(be) here.3.Who _(be) the girl with long straight hair? I think she _(be) Kate. 4. You and I _(not be) in Class Six.5._(be) there a supermarket on the Fifth Avenue? Yes, there_(be). 6. _ her parent tall? No, he_.（2）主語（非第三人稱單數(shù)）+行為動詞原形+其他 （用助動詞do 幫助構(gòu)成否定句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問）（3）主語（第三人稱單數(shù)）+行為動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)+其他（

3、用助動詞does 幫助構(gòu)成否定句、一般疑問句和特殊疑問句）行為動詞第三人稱單數(shù)加-s的形式1.- s 2. 輔音+y: study-studies 3.以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾watch-watches teach-teaches4特殊have-has do-does go-goes.1)His parents _(watch) TV every night. 肯定句 1) My brother _(do) homework every day. 2)His parents _(not watch) every night.否定句2)My brother_(not do)homework ev

4、ery day. 3)_his parents_(watch) TV every night?一般疑3)_ your brother _ homework every day?Yes, they _. No, they _. Yes, he_. No, he _. 4)When_ his parents _(watch) TV? 特疑 4)When _ your brother _(do) homework? They watch TV every night. He does homework every day. 二現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：表示說話瞬間或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。1、標(biāo)志: now（現(xiàn)在）

5、listen（看）look（聽）at the moment（此刻）2、結(jié)構(gòu):主語+助動詞be(am/is/are)+行為動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：1.-ing: eat-eating,sing-singing 2.輔音字母+e: take-taking 3. sit, put, begin, run, swim, stop, get, shop,get（雙寫最后一個輔音字母，再加ing.）4、特殊變化：lie-lying,die-dying練習(xí)：1. Jim _(take) photos in the park now. 2. Jim_(not take) in the pa

6、rk now. 3. _Jim_(take) photos in the park now? Yes, he _. No, he _. 4. Where _Jim _ photos now? In the park. 1.我們正在吃晚餐。 2、我們每天6點起床。 We _. We _ at six every day.3你們在聊天嗎？是的。 4、他們常常聊天嗎？不是。 _ they _? Yes, they _. _ they often _ ? No, they _.5、他在做什么？他在做作業(yè)。 6、他晚上常干什么？他常做作業(yè)。 What _he _? He_. What _he usual

7、ly _ in the evening? He usually_.答案： 1.are having dinner 2. get up 3. Are , talking , are 4. Do , talk, dont 5. is doing, is doing homework 6. does, do, does , homework綜合練習(xí)：1.Mr Green _(be) a worker. Now he _(work) in the field. 2.Listen! Who_(sing)?3.What time _ your brother usually _(do) his homew

8、ork? 4.You can_(come) here by bus.5. Who _(have) a ruler? 6.Are they_(clean) the room? 7.-_ you_(eat) dinner? Yes, we are.8.Jack _(have) a soccer ball, but he _(not have) a basketball. 9._Jim _(like)_(run)?10.They _(be) from Canada. They_(not speak) Chinese. 11. He wants _(be) tall.三一般過去時態(tài)：英語中表示過去某時

9、發(fā)生的動作或情況的時態(tài)是一般過去時。 1、標(biāo)志: yesterday（昨天）、 two days ago（兩天前 ）、 last year（去年）、 the other day（前幾天）、once upon a time（很久以前）、 just now（剛才）、in the old days（過去的日子里）、before liberation（解放前）、 When I was 8 years old（當(dāng)我八歲時）、at+一個時間點 2.、表現(xiàn)形式：動詞過去式（規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種） 3、規(guī)則變化：（1）一般情況+ed ，如pulled visited(2)以不發(fā)音e字母結(jié)尾的單詞+d,如l

10、iked, danced(3)以輔音字母y結(jié)尾去y變ied,worried,studied(4)重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，末尾只有一個輔音字母雙寫詞尾字母+ed,stopped,shopped 4.不規(guī)則變化參考不規(guī)則動詞表5、練習(xí)： He a student.他曾是一名學(xué)生。否定句 He a student.一般疑問句 he a student? 肯定回答 ， .否定回答 ， . They had a meeting last night.他們昨晚開了一個會。 否定句They a meeting last night. 一般疑問句 they a meeting last night? 肯定回答

11、， .否定回答 ， . 提問： they last night?四冠詞：英語中冠詞分為定冠詞（the）、不定冠詞（a/an）和零冠詞（不用冠詞）1.a用于輔音音素（不是輔音字母）前；an用于元音音素（不是元音字母）前。如，An hour ago, an honest man accepted an honorable task In a university, a European and a one-eyed man walk along a one-way road with a usual tool. This is a usual thing.2.定冠詞the的用法：定冠詞the與指示

12、代詞this，that同源，有“那(這)個”的意思，但較弱，可以和一個名詞連用，來表示某個或某些特定的人或東西。（上文提到過的人或事；指世界上獨一無二的事物；用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級，形容詞等前面；樂器的名詞前；用在慣用語中；姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前表示一家人專有名詞前等等）例如the sun，the rich 富人，on the second floor，the United States 美國play the piano，the Greens 格林一家人(或格林夫婦)in the day,在白天 3.通常我們在三類名詞前不帶冠詞：復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞和專有名詞。但是，用來指特定的事物時，th

13、e可以出現(xiàn)在復(fù)數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前面。Girls like shopping when they are free. 女孩總是喜歡在空閑的時候購物Rice is very important to our country. China is a big country.1. He has already worked for _ hour. A. the B. an C. a D. 不填 2. Alice is fond of playing _ piano. A. the B. an C. a D. 不填 五數(shù)詞：基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞（一）. 基數(shù)詞.1.基數(shù)詞的讀法. 1)1-12 : one

14、two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve 2)13-19: 詞尾加-teen :thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen 3)20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90 : 逢十詞尾加-ty :twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety 4)21-99: 在十位與個位之間加連字符構(gòu)成.5)101-999 :先說幾百, 再加and ,再加末尾兩位數(shù)或個位數(shù). 101-one

15、 hundred and one 238-two hundred and thirty-eight （二）. 序數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞，基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞口訣一二三，特殊記，結(jié)尾字母t,d,d; (first second third )八減t（eighth）,九減e(ninth),f來把v e替(twelfth)；ty變y為i e,然后再加th(twentieth);如果遇到遇到幾十幾，只變個位就可以(twenty-one- twenty first)。（三）. 數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用.1.序數(shù)詞前一般加定冠詞the 2. hundred / thousand /million /billion 1).若hun

16、dred / thousand /million /billion 前有基數(shù)詞時,其后不加s,也不加of .若沒有時 ,既加s 也要帶of .Every year _ visitors come to China.There are two _ students in our school. A. thousand B.thousands C.thousands of D.thousand of 2).日 月 年 (the +序數(shù)詞+of +月, 年)2007年3月21日-the twenty-first of March ,two thousand and seven.六名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，不可數(shù)名

17、詞，名詞所有格可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則變化一、直接加S (清輔音后發(fā)s的音，濁輔音，元音后面發(fā)z的音，在字母t后面發(fā)ts的音) 二、以s .x .ch .sh.結(jié)尾的單詞加es ，class- classes,box-boxes,dish-dishes,watch-watches（通常發(fā)成iz） 三、以fe或f結(jié)尾的通常變fe或f為v再加es leaf-leaves, knife-knives 四、輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，變y為i再加es baby-babies 五. 元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s monkey-monkeys toy-toys 六. 以o為結(jié)尾變復(fù)數(shù)有的加s, piano-pianos,

18、photo-photos,有的加es ,黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)愛吃西紅柿(tomato)土豆(potato)有時也吃一點(mango)但最喜歡的還是zero(零)可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)不規(guī)則變化：child children，man men woman women，foot feet tooth teeth,mousemice；sheep, Chinese, Japanese，people單、復(fù)數(shù)同形不可數(shù)名詞：物質(zhì)名詞或抽象名詞，及動名詞，一般都是不可數(shù)名詞，不可數(shù)名詞只有單數(shù)形式。如，news 新聞 advice 建議water 水 ice 冰 tea 茶 meat 肉 milk 牛奶

19、 age 年齡 time 時間 help 幫助 luck 運氣 work 工作swimming游泳名詞所有格：名詞所有格的用法 所有格 s 或 s形式主要用于人或一些動物的名稱，表示所有或修飾的關(guān)系。如Johns father 約翰的父親， spidersweb 蜘蛛網(wǎng)；事物的的所有格常用of表示，如a map of china,a photo of my family七介詞: 一、早、下午、晚要用in 例in the morning/ afternoon/ evening /day 在早上/下午/白天二、at黎明、午、夜、點與分 ，例: at dawn, at daybreak 在黎明時候

20、at noon 在中午 at night 在夜間 at midnight 在午夜 at six oclock 在6點鐘 三、年、月、年月、季節(jié)、周 ，即在某年，某月，在某年某月 (具體日則用on)，在四季，在第幾周等都要用in。 in 1986 在1986年 in April 在四月 in December 1986 1986年12月in spring 在春季 in summer 在夏季 on May 1st練習(xí)：1.We begin classes _ about 8：002. We all like working _ China. 3.What do you like doing_the

21、 evening？4.Our school has an Art Festival _ December 31st every year . 5.What can you see _the picture?. 6.The speech contest is _ January.八人稱代詞： 我 你 他 她 它 我們 你們 他/她/它們 主格： I you he she it we you they 賓格： me you him her it us you them形容詞性物主代詞： 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我們的 你們的 他/她/它們的 my your his her its our y

22、our their名詞性物主代詞： mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs練習(xí)：1._(我) am a worker. _(你) are a doctor. _(她) is a teacher. 2.This is (他的 )shirt. 3. This is _(我的)pen. 4._(他們的) trousers are there. 5. I like this picture. Please give _(它) to _(我). 6. People get _(他們的) money from _(我). 7._(他們) are new stud

23、ents. _(他們的) names are Lucy and Lily. 8. These are _(我們的) shoes. Can _(我們) wear _(它們). 9Thank _ for _(你的) help. 10. _(他) loves _（她）, and _(她) loves _（他）,too. _(我) love _（你）, and _(你) love _（我），too. 九情態(tài)動詞：1、任何主語+can/may/must等+動詞原形 2、主語+ cant/may not/ mustnt等+動詞原形 3、Can/May/Must等 + 主語+ 動詞原形？ 4、疑問詞+can

24、/may/must等+主語+動詞原形？練習(xí)： you swim?Yes,but Im not a good swimmer. A.Can B.May C.Need D.Must Tom,you play computer games too much. Its bad for your eyes.A.mustntB.didntC.neednt D.wouldnt十非謂語動詞（是固定搭配）1. like+ to do不定式/doing動名詞 2.want to do sth. 3. love to do 4. would like to do sth.5. enjoy doing sth. 6.

25、 thanks for doing 7. stop doing sth 8. let sb. do sth. She wants _(have) a party. Does he like _(swim)? Thanks for _(enjoy) CCTV show. She never stops _(talk).十一祈使句：無人稱、動詞開頭，帶命令色彩的句子。Go straight and turn left/ right. 否定 Dont go straight and turn left/ right.Go through Fifth Avenue. 否定 Dont go throug

26、h Fifth Avenue.Take a taxi（Take a bus，Take a walk）否定Dont Take a taxi（Take a bus，Take a walk）No parking. 禁止停車。例_ in the street. Its dangerous.A. Not playB. Not to playC. Dont playD. Dont to play十二感嘆句感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)： what + a / an + 形容詞 + 名詞 + 主謂 What a clever boy he is! 他是多么聰明的孩子啊What an interesting book you

27、have!你的書多么有趣??！ what + 形容詞 + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)： What clever boys you are! 你們是多么聰明的孩子?。?what + 形容詞 + 不可數(shù)名詞： What difficult work it is! 那是多么困難的工作?。?How + 形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語！How nice she is! How fast he runs!練習(xí)：1. It is quite a nice present._ _ nice present(it is)! _ nice the present is! 2. We have fine weather today. _ _

28、 weather we have today! 3. The children are working hard._ _ the children are working! 4. She played basketball wonderfully._ _ she played basketball!十三.There be(be單復(fù)數(shù)由be后名詞決定)句型表示某地有，have/has,主要表示某人有句型轉(zhuǎn)換1)There is a bank on the street. 2) There are some cars in front of the park.否定句：There _a bank o

29、n the street. 否定句：There _ _cars in front of the bank.一般疑問句：_ _ a bank on the street? 一般疑問句：_ _ _cars in front of the bank?就劃線部分提問：_ on the street? 就劃線部分提問：_ _ in front of the bank? Theres a bank on the street. There are some cars in front of the bank.同上：_ _ _are there on the street? 同上：_ _ _ are the

30、re in front of the bank Theres only one. Therere some.3）He two sons. 他有兩個兒子。There two men in the office. 辦公室里有兩個男人。4）There_abasketballmatchtomorrow. A.isgoingtohave B.aregoingtohaveC.isgoingtobe D.aregoingtobe用have /has填空：1.A dog our legs. A bird two legs.2.Our school a library.3.We 37 chairs in our

31、 classroom.4.My sister a nice toy car.5. that girl a doll? No, he 6. Tom and his brother a big bedroom? Yes, they 十四將下列句子改為否定句、一般疑問句，并就劃線部分提問。1. We are eating lunch. We eat lunch at noon. 2He is swimming at a pool. He swims at the pool every day. 3.Jim and Tony are playing basketball at school. Jim

32、and Tony play basketball on Sundays. 4.Sandra is running. Sandra likes running 5. There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：_一般疑問句：_ 肯定回答：_否定回答：_6. They played football in the playground.否定句：_一般疑問句：_ 肯定回答：_否定回答：_初一代詞練習(xí)一、用適當(dāng)?shù)娜朔Q代詞填空： 1. _ is my aunt. We often visit _. 2. China is a developing

33、 country. _ lies in the east of Asia. 3. Professor Wang sets _ a good example. We must learn from _. 4. What day is _ today? _ is Thursday. 5. How far is the thunder ? _ is three kilometers away. 6. I own a blue bike. The red one doesnt belong to _. 7. These new houses are so nice. _ are very expens

34、ive. 8. _ say that those old houses will be rebuilt. 9. Is _ the milkman at the door? Yes, thats _. 10. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didnt _? 11. Ling Ling is a girl. _ studies in a primary school. Her brother lives with _ and helps _ to prepare the lessons. 12. The ship is lying at anchor (停

35、泊) . _ comes from Shanghai13. This photo of your mother is very much like her. I like _. 14. Mike is my classmate. _ is good at physics . 15. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to _ ? 16. Whats the weather like today ? _ is cloudy. 二、用形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞填空 1. I ate all _ sandwiches yesterday.

36、 Can I have one of _ ? 2. Tell Tom not to forget _ book. And you mustnt forget _ . 3. George has lost _ pen. Ask Mary if（是否）she will lend him _ . 4. Jack has a dog and so have I. _ dog and _ had a fight (打架). 5. The teacher wants you to return that book of _ 6. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of _ a

37、re coming to see us. 7. Mary wants to know if（是否） youve seen a pair of gloves of _ . 8. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of _ 三、用適當(dāng)?shù)娜朔Q代詞和物主代詞填空 A. 從括號內(nèi)選擇正確的代詞填空 1. Your football clothes are on the desk. Please put _(they，them，their，theirs) away. 2. (We，Us，Our，Ours)_ English teacher

38、 is Mrs. Green. We all like _(she，her，hers). 3. (I，Me，My，Mine)_ cant get my kite. Could you help _(I，me，my，mine)? 4. Tom cant get down from the tree. Can you help _(he，him，his)? 5. Her kite is broken. Can _(you，your，yours) mend it? 6. We cant find our bikes. Can you help _(we，us，our，ours)? 7. These

39、are _(he，him，his) planes. The white ones are _(I，me，mine). 五、根據(jù)句意用適當(dāng)?shù)娜朔Q代詞、物主代詞填空： 1. Mary works in a book store. likes work very much. 2. John and I are in the same school. go to school together. 3. Everybody likes that sport, do ? 4. She is a friend of . We got to know each other two years ago. 5.

40、Her sister makes all own dresses. 6. I have many friends. Some of are good at English. 7. May I use bike? is broken. 8. Everybody is here except Ann and _ friend Jane. _ are in the library now. 冠詞的練習(xí)Choose the best answer （選擇最佳答案）: 1. There is _ house in the picture. There is _old woman near_house.A

41、. an; a; the B. a; an ; the C. the ; a; an D. a; the; an 2. He has already worked for _ hour. A. the B. an C. a D. 不填 3. Alice is fond of playing _ piano. A. the B. an C. a D. 不填 4. Beyond _ stars, the astronaut saw nothing but _space.A. 不填；the B. the ; the C. 不填，不填 D. the; 不填 5. _ terrible weather

42、weve been having these days! A. How a B. What a C. How D. What 6.- Where is Jack? - I think he is still in _ bed, but he might just be in _bathroom. A. 不填；不填 B. the; the C. the;不填 D. 不填; the 7.When do you have _breakfast every day? A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 8. Many people are still in _ habit of writi

43、ng silly things in _public places. A. the ; 不填 B. 不填 ; the C. the ; the D. 不填; 不填 介詞專項練習(xí)55題in,on,under,at,of,about,for,from,to,with,after,beforeAt:1.We begin classes _ about 8：00 2. We all like working _ China.3. Her mother usually gets up _ six thirty. 4. The store has shirts_ a great price.5.Look

44、_ the picture. 6.Please call Jim _ 9876543.After:7. The student often showers _ dinner. 8.The girl likes running _class. 9._ that, the old man begins to run. 10.He likes to play soccer _ school.before,to: 11. The kid usually does his homework _ going _ bed.For:12.Thanks _ your letter 13. _ kids, the

45、 movie is too scary.14. We have vegetables and fruit _ lunch. 15.They sell the sweaters _ $40 each.16. She plays the piano _ an hour every day. 17.The kid buys a cake _ his uncle.About:18.Can you tell me _ your day? About,from:19.Dont you think we can learn much _ Chinese history _ the documentaries?At,from,to:20.We are _ school _ Monday _ Friday.In,with,in:21.Fill _the blanks _ the words _ the box.With:22.Can you help me _ my math? 23.Her cousin likes t