四級選詞填空

1、選詞填空 What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel 1_ about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. Were 2_ with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity(肥胖). Perhaps the 3_ to this ambivalence(矛盾情結) lies in our his

2、tory. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(經濟作物) wasnt eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 4_ ways of doing it. The immigrant experience, too, has been one of in

3、 harmony. Do as Romans do means eating what “real Americans” eat, but our nations food has come to be 5_ by importspizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the countrys most treasured cooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles. Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a

4、medium for the nations defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sitins at southern lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat for political 6_ But strong opinions have not brought

5、 7_ . Americans are ambivalent about what they put in their mouths. We have become 8_ of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they contain. The 9_ in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness. Its no coincidence, then, that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imaginat

6、ion in such bondage(束縛). Its what we eatand how we 10_ it with friends, family, and strangersthat help define America as a community today.A. answer B. result C. share D. guilty E. constantF. defined G. vanish H. adapted I. creative J. belief K. suspicious L. certainty M. obsessed N. identify O. ide

7、als1. D feel是一個系動詞，可以判斷此處應填入一個形容詞，通過上下文意思，以及后面介詞about, 可以確定選項為D項guilty, 短語feel guilty about sth. “對感到有愧”。全句的意思為“我們很愛吃，但是往往在吃完之后又有負罪感”。2.M be obsessed with 為固定搭配，原意為“被附上/纏住/迷住心竅”，放在本句表示“十分重視”。全句的意思為“我們很關心健康和減肥，但肥胖卻又空前地在蔓延”。3. A 本句缺一個名詞作主語，并且根據(jù)和介詞to的搭配，可以推斷出正確選項answer.4. I本句根據(jù)more和ways可以判斷出需要填入一個形容詞構成

8、比較級，根據(jù)上下文，表示“旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，卻激發(fā)了更多新奇的方法來酗酒”，可以確定I為正確選項。5. F 本題較難。根據(jù)be 和by 確定應填入一個過去分詞。再根據(jù)上下文，上文表示“應該吃典型的美國人吃的食物”，下文通過 but 轉折，表示實際上“美國的食物已經被諸如比薩和熱狗這樣的舶來品所詮釋了”，因此可以確定F為正確選項。6.B政治結果，可根據(jù)宗教原因religious reasons來推斷此處填政治結果。7. L由于橫線后面沒有賓語，可以確定不是形成bring的短語，這樣本句所缺的為一名詞，做bring的賓語。根據(jù)下文解釋，“美國人對他們所吃的食物的態(tài)度是矛盾的”，可以推出本句意義

9、為“堅定的觀點也不是確定不變的”。因此可以確定L為正確選項。8. K系動詞become后應填入一個形容詞，和后面介詞of形成短語be/become suspicious of “對感到懷疑”。9. J本句缺一個名詞作主語，并且根據(jù)和介詞in的搭配，可以推斷出正確選項belief，(have)belief in sth.“ 相信”。10. C本句是一般現(xiàn)在時，缺一個動詞，且和with 搭配，確定選項為share, share sth. with sb.,“與某人分享某事”。【全文翻譯】美國人如何看待食物呢?我們愛吃，但是過后會覺得內疚。我們說我們只要最好的，但是卻熱衷于享受垃圾食品;我們很重視健

10、康和減肥，但是肥胖卻又空前地在蔓延。也許，這種矛盾源于我們的歷史。首批來到這個大陸的歐洲人是為了尋找新的香料，但卻一無所獲;首種經濟作物不是用來吃的，而是用來吸得。那時，旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，實際上卻激發(fā)了更多新奇的方法來酗酒。移民的經歷也與此有內在的關系。入鄉(xiāng)隨俗意味著要吃“典型的美國人”的飲食，但是美國的食物已經被諸如比薩或者熱狗這樣的舶來品所詮釋了。美國最珍貴的一些烹飪來自于戴著鐐銬而來的人們。無論是在波士頓傾茶事件中，還是在南部午餐柜臺前的靜坐中，食物都曾被用來作為界定斗爭的一種手段，這也許是不足為奇的。無論是出于宗教原因而戒酒，還是由于政治避難而戒肉，這都與我們的健康甚至是道德的觀念

11、相一致。 但是，這些堅定的觀點并不是確定不變的。美國人對他們所吃的食物的態(tài)度是矛盾的。我們懷疑我們的食物，特別是當我們更清楚地了解了它們的成分時。對食物的信仰一直存在于美國人的意識之中。第一個感恩節(jié)就把美國人的想象力束縛在食物之中，束縛在我們與朋友對它的分享之中，這并不是偶然的。Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. The way you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually 1_ you money or

12、can add to the cost. Take the 2_ example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you might think that you are making the 3_ buy if you choose one whose look you like and which is also the cheapest 4_ price. But when you get it home you may find that it takes twice as long as a more expensive

13、5_ to dry your hair.The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well make your hairdryer the most expensive one of all. So what principles should you 6_ when you go out shopping? If you keep your home, your car or any valuable 7_ in excellent condition, youll be saving money in the

14、long run. Before you buy a new 8_ , talk to someone who owns one .If you can, use it or borrow it to check it suits your particular purpose. Before you buy an expensive 9 _, or a service, do check the price and what is on offer. If possible, choose 10_ three items or three estimates.Apossession Bsav

15、e Cbest Dappliance EmaterialFfrom Gsimple Hwith Iin JelementKmodel Litem Measy Nadopt Oreasonable1.【解析】Bsave 本文主要講理智的購物可以省很多錢的問題。你購買一件物品或者一份服務的方式真的可以給你省錢或者讓你多花錢，所以此處空格填save，節(jié)省。2.【解析】Gsimple 就拿吹風機作一個簡單的例子。空格處用simple形容例子符合文章所表達的意思。3.【解析】Cbest 如果你要買一個吹風機，當你選了一個外觀你非常喜歡而且價格又是最便宜的，你一定認為你買了最好的東西。make the b

16、est buy即是說買了最好的東西。4.【解析】Iin 以怎樣的價格用固定短語in price。最便宜的價格就是the cheapest in price。5.【解析】Kmodel 意為樣式，型。當你把它買回家，你才發(fā)現(xiàn)它要花兩倍于較貴的吹風機所花的時間來吹干你的頭發(fā)。a more expensive model更貴的一款。6.【解析】Nadopt 意為采用。那么你外出購物時應該采用什么樣的原則呢?adopt principles 采用原則，principles 需要用adopt 來搭配。7.【解析】Apossession 意為擁有物。如果你保持你的家、你的車，或者任何一件值錢的物品處于一種良

17、好的狀態(tài)中，從長遠的眼光來看你會省錢。8.【解析】Dappliance 意為用品，器具。在你買一個新的用品之前，先與有這個物品的人交流一下。9.【解析】Litem 在買一個貴的東西之前，要看好價格和正在出售的物品。item可用來指代物品。10.【解析】Ffrom 這個空格前是動詞choose，從中作出選擇即用介詞from來搭配。全文翻譯理智購買是一種積極的方式，可以讓你的錢更值錢。你購買一件物品或者一份服務的方式真的可以給你節(jié)省錢或者多花錢。以吹風機作一個簡單的例子。如果你要買一個吹風機，當你選了一個外觀你非常喜歡而且價格又是最便宜的，你一定認為你買了最好的東西。但是，當你把它買回家，你才發(fā)現(xiàn)

18、它要花兩倍于較貴的吹風機所花的時間來吹干你的頭發(fā)。電費加上你的時間成本很可能使你的吹風機成為最貴的。 當你外出購物時，你應該采取什么樣的原則呢?如果你保持你的家、你的車，或者任何一件值錢的物品處于一種良好的狀態(tài)中，從長遠的眼光來看，你會省錢。在你買一個新的用品前，先與有這個物品的人交流一下。如果可能的話，你可以試試或者借來看看是否適合你的特殊要求。在購買一個貴重物品或者一項服務之前，要看好它的價格和功能。如果可能的話，一定要貨比三家。Theres no question that the Earth is getting hotter. The real questions are: How

19、much of the warming is our fault, and are we 1_ to slow the devastation by controlling our insatiable 2_ for fossil fuels? Global warming can seem too 3_ to worry about, or too uncertain-something projected by the same computer 4_ that often cant get next weeks weather right. On a raw winter day you

20、 might think that a few degrees of warming wouldnt be such a bad thing anyway. And no doubt about it: Warnings about 5_ change can sound like an environmentalist scare tactic, meant to force us out of our cars and restrict our lifestyles. Comforting thoughts, perhaps. Unfortunately, however, the Ear

21、th has some discomforting news. From Alaska to the snowy peaks of the Andes the world is heating up right now, and fast. Globally, the 6_ is up 1F over the past century, but some of the coldest, most remote spots have warmed much more. The results arent pretty. Ice is 7_ , rivers are running dry, an

22、d coasts are 8_ , threatening communities. The 9_ are happening largely out of sight. But they shouldnt be out of mind, because they are omens of whats in store for the 10_ of the planet.Aremote Btechniques Cconsisting Drest EwillingFclimate Gskill Happetite Imelting JvanishingKeroding Ltemperature

23、Mcuriosity Nchanges Oskillful1.【解析】E此處應填入E項，be willing to 為固定搭配。2.【解析】H此處應填入一個名詞，而appetite通常和介詞for搭配，此處句子的意思為控制我們無止境的欲望。3.【解析】A此處應填入一個形容詞，根據(jù)上下文意思應選A項，意即:全球氣候變暖似乎離我們太遙遠，以至于我們無需為此擔心。4.【解析】B此處應填入一個名詞，而與computer 搭配的名詞在選項中根據(jù)上下文意思B為正確選項。5.【解析】F根據(jù)上下文意思此處應表達氣候變化之意，因此F為正確選項。6.【解析】L該題較為簡單，表示上個世紀全球的氣溫上升了1華氏度，應

24、能迅速找出正確答案。7.【解析】I顯然ice 與melt 搭配，因此I為正確選項。8.【解析】K此處應填入一個現(xiàn)在分詞，表示海岸受到侵蝕，因此應選K項。9.【解析】N該題較為簡單，應填入一個復數(shù)名詞，所以填入N項。10.【解析】D選D項，the rest of 為固定搭配。全文翻譯 毫無疑問，地球正變得越來越熱。但是，真正的問題是：氣候變暖的程度是我們的錯，我們愿意通過控制我們對礦石燃料無止境的欲望來減緩地球變暖嗎? 全球氣候變暖似乎離我們太遙遠，以至于我們無需為此擔心;或者太難以確定，我們無法用計算機技術來測定，同樣的計算機技術往往難以正確地預報下周的天氣情況。在一個陰冷的冬日，你可能會覺得

25、，變暖幾度無論如何也不是件糟糕的事情。毫無疑問，氣候變化的警告聽上去就像一個環(huán)保主義者的恐嚇策略，迫使我們遠離汽車，限制我們的生活方式。 這些也許是安慰的想法。然而，不幸的是，地球給我們帶來一些不安的消息。從阿拉斯加到安第斯山的雪峰，全球都在快速升溫。上個世紀，全球溫度上升了1華氏度，但是有些最冷、最偏遠的地方卻遠不止如此。這些結果非常不妙。冰層正在融化，河流正在干枯，海岸正在受侵蝕，我們的社區(qū)正在受到威脅。 很大程度上，這些正在發(fā)生的變化處于我們的視野之外。但是，他們不應該被忽視，因為他們預示著地球的其他地方將會發(fā)生什么樣的情況。長篇閱讀Definitions of ObesityA) Ho

26、w does one define when a person is considered to be obese and not just somewhat overweight? Height-weight tables give an approximate guideline as to whether one is simply overweight or has passed into the obese stage.B) The World Health Organization recommends using a formula that takes into account

27、 a persons height and weight. The Body Mass Index (BMI) is calculated by dividing the persons weight in kilograms by the square of their height in meters, and is thus given in units of kg/m2. A BMI of 18.5-24.9 is considered to be the healthiest. A BMI of between 25 and 29.9 is considered to be over

28、weight, while a BMI of over 30 is considered to be obese.C) However, it is recognized that this definition is limited as it does not take into account such variables as age, gender and ethnic origin, the latter being important as different ethnic groups have very different fat distributions. Another

29、 shortcoming is that it is not applicable to certain very muscular people such as athletes and bodybuilders, who can also have artificially high BMIs. Agencies such as the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) in the USA and the International Diabetes Foundation (IDF) are starting to define

30、obesity in adults simply in terms of waist circumference.Health Effects of ObesityD) Over 2000 years ago, the Greek physician Hippocrates wrote that persons who are naturally very fat are apt to die earlier than those who are slender. This observation remains very true today. Obesity has a major imp

31、act on a persons physical, social and emotional well-being. It increases the risk of developing diabetes mellitus type 2 (mature onset diabetes) and also makes Type 2 diabetes more difficult to control. Thus weight loss improves the levels of blood glucose and blood fats, and reduces blood pressure.

32、 The association between obesity and coronary heart disease is also well-known.CancerE) Furthermore, in 2001 medical researchers established a link between being overweight and certain forms of cancer, and estimated that nearly 10,000 Britons per year develop cancer as a result of being overweight.

33、This figure was made up of 5,893 women and 3,220 men, with the strongest associations being with breast and colon cancers. However, it is thought that being overweight may also increase the risk of cancer in the reproductive organs for women and in the prostate gland for men.F) The link between brea

34、st cancer and nutritional status is thought to be due to the steroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone, which are produced by the ovaries, and govern a womans menstrual cycle. Researchers have found that the more a woman eats, or the more sedentary her lifestyle, the higher are the concentrations

35、of progesterone. This link could explain why women from less affluent countries have lower rates of breast cancer. Women from less affluent nations tend to eat less food and to lead lifestyles which involve more daily movement. This lowers their progesterone level, resulting in lower predisposition

36、to breast cancer.G) The Times newspaper, in 2002 reported that obesity was the main avoidable cause of cancer among non-smokers in the Western world!AgingH) Research published by St Thomas Hospital, London, UK in 2005 showed a correlation between body fat and aging, to the extent that being obese ad

37、ded 8.8 years to a womans biological age. The effect was exacerbated by smoking, and a non-overweight woman who smokes 20 cigarettes a day for 20 years added 7.4 years to their biological age. The combination of being obese and a smoker added at least ten years to a womans biological age, and althou

38、gh the study only involved women, the lead researcher Professor Tim Spector believes the finding would also apply to men.I) The aging effect was determined by measuring the length of telomeres, tiny caps on the ends of chromosomes, which help protect the DNA from the ageing process. Indeed, telomere

39、s have been dubbed the chromosomal clock because, as an organism ages, they become progressively shorter, and can be used to determine the age of the organism. Beyond a certain point, the telomere becomes so short that it is no longer able to prevent the DNA of the chromosome from falling apart. It

40、is believed that excess body fat, and the chemicals present in tobacco smoke release free radicals which trigger inflammation. Inflammation causes the production of white blood cells which increases the rate of erosion of telomeres.DementiaJ) Recent research (2005) conducted in the USA shows that ob

41、esity in middle age is linked to an increased risk of dementia, with obese people in their 40s being 74% more likely to develop dementia compared to those of normal weight. For those who are merely overweight, the lifetime risk of dementia risk was 35% higher.K) Scientists from the Aging Research Ce

42、ntre at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden have been able to take information such as age, number of years in education, gender, body mass index, blood pressure level, physical activity and genetic factors, assigning each a risk score. They then used this information to devise a predictive test for

43、dementia. This test will enable people at risk, for the first time, to be able to affect lifestyle changes which will reduce their risk of contracting dementia.Other ProblemsL) The world-wide upsurge in obesity, particularly in children, is of major economic concern, liable to drain economies. Of fu

44、rther concern is that research conducted in Australia and published in 2006, shows that up to one third of breech pregnancies were undetected by the traditional palpation examination, the danger being greatest for those women who are overweight or obesea growing proportion of mothers. This means tha

45、t such women are not getting the treatment required to turn the baby around in time for the birth, and in many cases require an emergency Caesarean section.M) This is a true health-care crisis, far bigger than Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and ultimately, even bigger than AIDS.對應題目：1. You

46、 can judge whether one is simply overweight or has passed into the obese stage according to the height-weight table.2. Using the Body Mass Index to define a persons weight ideal is limited, because it does not takes into account many variables such as age, gender and ethnic origin.3. A persons emoti

47、onal well-being would be affected by obesity.4. Obesity has something to do with cancer in the prostate gland for man.5. Women from less affluent nations tend to have much less breast cancer.6. A non-overweight woman who smokes 20 cigarettes a day for 20 years added 7.4 years to her biological age.7

48、. The excess body fat, like the chemicals present in tobacco smoke, can lead to inflammation.8. Obese people in middle age run an increased risk of dementia .9. The predictive test for dementia will help people to affect lifestyle changes that will reduce their risk of contracting dementia.10. The w

49、orld-wide upsurge in obesity, particularly in children, will possibly drain economies.參考答案：1.A 2.C 3.D 4.E 5.F 6.H 7.I 8.J 9.K 10.LPreparing for Computer DisastersA) Summary: When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disaster

50、s and minimize their effects is quite straightforward.B) Fires, power surges, and floods, theyre all facts of life. We read about them in the morning paper and see them on the evening news. We sympathize with the victims and commiserate over their bad luck. We also shake our heads at the digital con

51、sequencesmelted computers, system failures, destroyed data. Yet, somehow, many of us continue to live by that old mantra of denial: It wont happen to me. Well, the truth is, at some point youll probably have to deal with at least one disaster. Thats just how it goes, and in most aspects of our lives

52、 we do something about it. We buy insurance. We stow away provisions. We even make disaster plans and run drills. But for some reason, computer disaster recovery is a blind spot for many of us. It shouldnt be. Home computers contain some of our most important information, both business and personal,

53、 and making certain our data survives a disaster should be a priority. Moreover, even the smallest disaster can be a serious disruption. Personal computers have become an integral part of the smooth-running household. We use them to communicate, shop, and do homework, and theyre even more vital to h

54、ome office users. When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward. With a good offsite storage plan and the right tools, you can bounce back quickly and easily from mino

55、r computer disasters. And, should a major calamity strike, you can rest assured your data is safe.Offsite Storage: Major DisastersC) House fires and floods are among the most devastating causes of personal computer destruction. Thats why a solid offsite backup and recovery plan is essential. Althoug

56、h many home users faithfully back up their hard drives, many would still lose all their data should their house flood our burn. Thats because they keep their backups in relatively close to their computers. Their backup disks might not be in the same room as their computerstucked away in a closet or

57、even the garagebut theyre not nearly far enough away should a serious disaster strike. So, its important to back up your system to a removable medium and to store it elsewhere.D) There are many ways to approach offsite storage. It starts with choice of backup tools and storage medium. Disaster situations are stressful, and your recovery tools shouldnt add to that stress. They must be dependable and intuitive, making it easy to s