名詞性從句學(xué)案優(yōu)

1、名詞性從句復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案班級(jí)組別姓名【自主學(xué)習(xí)，明確目標(biāo)】1. 教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1） 了解名詞性從句的立義、種類，及英位置。2）掌握劃詞性從句的語序，引導(dǎo)詞的選擇及貝技巧。2. 教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：熟記that, whether, if, what, which等引導(dǎo)詞的特殊用法。3. 易混淆點(diǎn)：1） whether, if的區(qū)別；2） that, what的區(qū)別：3） what, which的區(qū)別 4）主語從句中的主謂一致問題?！咀灾鲗W(xué)習(xí)，問題生成】一、感受名詞性從句：猜猜下列諺語的漢語意思，并判斷各句中的名詞性從句分別是什么從句。1. Whats lost is lost.（句意： 從句）2. It is kn

2、own to all that the earth turns around the sun.（句意：從句）3. Dont put off till tomorrow what should be done today.（句意：從句）4. Children are what the mothers are.（句意：從句）5. We hold this truth that all men are created equal.（句意：從句）二、基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)回顧：1. 名詞性從句的定義、句法功能和分類由連接詞引導(dǎo)，在復(fù)合句中起詞作用的從句叫名詞性從句（Noun Clauses）0名詞性從句在復(fù)合 句中

3、的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組,它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任語、語、語和 語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的句法功能，劃詞性從句又可分別分為從句、從句、從句，和從句。2. 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞，及其在句中的作用。名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞在從句中的作用連詞thal（無意義），whether/ if （是否）不充當(dāng)句子成分，只起連接作用連接代詞what, who, whom（賓格），which, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever主語，賓語，表語， whose只作泄語連接副詞when where, why, how, because whenever, wherever,

4、 however狀語3. 解題方法：1）.找岀主句的謂語，確定是什么從句。2）.分析從句的句子成分，缺什么，補(bǔ)什么；不缺句子成分，不缺意思，就選；不缺句子成分，只缺“是否”，就選或if；缺主語/賓語/表語，就補(bǔ)連接詞，選what, who. whom,which等；缺狀語，就補(bǔ)連接詞，選when, where, why, how等。3）.確泄詞性后，再根據(jù)句子的意思選擇適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞。我的問題：（你在預(yù)習(xí)中有哪些未能解決的問題和有疑問的地方？寫在下面做個(gè)備忘吧！等待課堂上與 老師和同學(xué)他就討論解決。）【合作探究，解決問題】探究一：觀察句子，找出主句謂語，劃出從句，判斷從句類型。1. Whoeve

5、r comes is welcome. （從句）2. It is reported that three people were killed in the traffic accident yesterday. （從句）3. The question is whether the film is worth seeing（從句）4.1 wondered why you were so angry. （從句）5.1（ all depends on how we solve the problem. （從句）6.1 （hink it necessary that we should do our

6、 homework（從句）7.1 have no idea which one I should choose（從句）小結(jié)一 ：1.從句在復(fù)合句中作主語。從句一般位于主句詞或介詞之后（如例1）,為避免主語冗長，句子頭重腳輕，經(jīng)常用作形式主語，而把主語從句放在句末（如例2）。2. 在復(fù)合句中作賓語的從句叫作從句。它常位于詞或介詞之后（如例4.5）。當(dāng)賓語后面還有賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，常用作形式賓語，而把作真正賓語的賓語從句放到（如例7）3. 在復(fù)合句中用作表語的從句叫作從句。它一般位于 動(dòng)詞之后。（如例3）。4同位語從句一般位于 fact, news, promise, tnith, belief, thou

7、ght, idea, information, doubt, hope, opinion, plan, suggestion等抽象詞之后，進(jìn)一步解釋和說明前面劃詞的具體內(nèi)容或含義。（如例8） 探究二：名詞性從句的語序問題：選擇最佳答案。1. No one can be surein a million years.A. what will man look likeB. what man will look likeC. man will look like whatD. what look will man like2. You cant imaginewhen they received

8、these luce Christmas presents.A. how they were excitedB how excited they wereC. how excited were theyD they were how excited小結(jié)二：名詞性從句在句中要用語序，(即連接詞+主語十謂語),從句的引導(dǎo)詞必須始終置于從句的句首。探究三：主謂一致問題：(用括號(hào)中的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。)1. When the meeting will begin(have) not been decided yet.2. When and where the meeting will begin(ha

9、ve) not been decided yet.3. When they will start and where they will go(be) still unknown.4. What we need(be) more time5. What we need（be） more dictionaries小結(jié)三：1.單個(gè)的主語從句作主語時(shí)，主句的謂語動(dòng)詞一般用數(shù)形式。（如例1）2. 由兩個(gè)或多個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語從句，謂語動(dòng)詞用數(shù)形式。（如例2）3. 如果是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語從句作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞則用數(shù)形式。（如例3）探究四：連接詞的選用：()whether 和 if 的選用 (用 A.

10、 whether/if1 I asked hershe had a bike3.he will come is not clear.5.1 havent decidedto go there.7.1 dont knowor not he is well.小結(jié)：1.用whether, if均可的情況:(1)引導(dǎo)詞后的賓語從句(如例1):4. 由訶曲引導(dǎo)從句作主語時(shí)，主句的謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)一般與后而的語的數(shù)保持一致。（如例4、5）B. whether C. if 填空)2.11 is doubtfulhe will come here4. The question ishell come.6. It

11、all depends onthey will support us.8.1 have no ideathe meeting will be put off.(2)當(dāng)it作形式主語，主語從句在時(shí)(如例2)2下列情況下只能用whether.不能用if引導(dǎo)名詞性從句：（1）引導(dǎo)從句并在句首時(shí)（如例3）、引導(dǎo)從句（如例4）、同位語從句（如例8）：Enjoy English, enjoy ourselvek!/ 61 / 61 / 64引導(dǎo)詞后的賓語從句（如例6）；（3）從句后緊跟著時(shí)（如例7）;后接不上式時(shí)（如例5）（二）that 和 what 的選用 （選擇 A. that B. what 填空）

12、1. he wants is encouragement.2.1 have no doubtyou will succeed3. Tliis iswe want to know.4. He is no longerhe used to be.小結(jié)：l.That在名詞性從句中任何成分，只起連接作用，即當(dāng)從句是完整的也不缺任何意義時(shí)，就選o2. 除起連接作用外，還在需詞性從句中充當(dāng)成分，可作從句的語、語、或語,即當(dāng)從句中缺主語、賓語或表語時(shí)，就選（如例1.3,4）。what的含義是：“什么”、“所的人/地方/樣子”等。（三）which與what的選用（選用which或what填空）1. The I

13、ndians used to live in is now part of the USA2. There are many kinds of bikes in the shop I dont know to choose3. I want to buy something for my mother as a gift, but I dont know to buy.4. It is still unknown team will win the match.解題點(diǎn)撥：表示泛指的事物，常譯為”什么”或”所的事物”：which表示范圉內(nèi)的“哪一個(gè)（些）（四）that, because, why

14、 的選用（選用 A. that B. because C. why 填空）1. He failed the exam. Thatshe didnt study hard enough2. Tom is ill. That washe was absent from school this morning3. The reason why he was late washe missed the train by one minute解題點(diǎn)撥：1. Thars because.那是因?yàn)椋◤?qiáng)調(diào)原因）;Thats why.那是的緣故（強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果）。2.在表語從句中，當(dāng)reason做主語時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞只能用

15、，不能用because （如例3）。固定句型:The reason why（定從）is that 的原因是。探究五：連詞that（）that 的省略 （選擇 A. that B. （that）填空）1. The result iswe won the game.2.1 thinkit will clear up this afternoon andthey will come to say goodbye to us.3. This is a very good composition exceptthere are a few spelling mistakes.4.1 （hink it n

16、ecessaryyou should read English aloud every day.解題點(diǎn)撥：l.That引導(dǎo)主語從句.從句和同位語從句時(shí)不能省略（如例1）。2. that引導(dǎo)從句時(shí)，?？墒÷裕谙铝腥N情況下不能省略：當(dāng)that引導(dǎo)的從句作詞的賓語時(shí)（如例3）：當(dāng)有作形式賓語，而that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句放于句末時(shí)（如例4）；當(dāng)有兩個(gè)或多個(gè)并列賓語從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)第一個(gè)從句的that可省略，其余的不可省略（如例2）。（二）介詞后的that賓語從句（選用A. it that B. that填空）1 He is a good student excepthe is a little bit

17、 careless.2. You may depend onwe shall never lose heart解題點(diǎn)撥:that從句一般不作詞的賓語，偶爾可作except, but, in等的賓語（如例1）：其他介詞后而需要用that從句作賓語時(shí)，需要用 作形式賓語（如例2）o【問題拓展，能力提升】讀下而一篇作文，劃出文中的名詞性從句，并說明是什么從句（主語、賓語、表語從句）。My name is Li Qing. What I like most are sports and English I like making friends and I am ready to help other

18、s .In my opinion success in life depends mainly on whether one can get along well with others Im sure that I can be your good friend. It is known that a man who has a settled purpose（明確的目標(biāo)）will surely succeed. My hope is that I can be admitted to a key university Fm dreaming of. However, it is a fac

19、t that I dont do very well in study. All in all, I will make more efforts to make my dream come true第二課時(shí)1-教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1）學(xué)習(xí)需詞性從句的時(shí)態(tài)運(yùn)用；2）學(xué)習(xí)名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣；3）學(xué)習(xí)同位語從句。2. 教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)：1）同位語從句及其引導(dǎo)詞的選用;2）疑問詞+cvcr引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句3. 易混淆點(diǎn)：）同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞whether與that的區(qū)別;2）同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別。探究一：易錯(cuò)易混淆點(diǎn)：（一）it作形式賓語（選擇最佳答案）1. We all findimportant th

20、at we （should） make a quick decisionA. that B. it C. this D. which2.1 hatewhen they talk with their mouths full of food.A. itB. that C. these D. them3. I d appreciateif you can come to help me.A. that B. it C. this D. you解題點(diǎn)撥：1若主句謂語動(dòng)詞是t fech consider, make, believe等，常用作形式賓語，而將賓語從句置于賓補(bǔ)后（如例1）。2.有些動(dòng)詞接從

21、句作賓語時(shí)要用作形式賓語，這類動(dòng)詞主要有，take,love like, see to, depend on, count on 等（如例 2 3）。（二）名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣（選擇最佳答案）1.11 is required that the workfinished before darkA. will be B. would beC. should be D. must be2. It is strange that heyou thisA. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told3. My suggestion is that

22、 weout early.A. will start B. would start C. start out D. started4. We suggested that the meetingA. should put off B. be put off C. was put off D. putting off5. The smile on his face suggested that hesatisfied with our workA. was B. is C. be D. has been6. The boy insisted that henothing wrong and in

23、sisted that hepunishedA. should do; not punishB did; not punishC. had done; not be punishedD do; should not be punished小結(jié)一：1.在 “Itis+ 形容詞（necessar7 natural/ strange/ advisable/.）+ that句型中，謂語動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語氣，即（如例2）。2.表示建議、要求、命令，堅(jiān)持要求/主張等動(dòng)詞如：、advise、propose、demands、advice、Enjoy English, enjoy ourselvek!/ 64 /

24、64 / 66request、command、order等后的賓語從句、表語從句謂語動(dòng)詞要用表示虛擬（如例1、4、6注意:suggest當(dāng)表示“暗示、表明“，insist表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時(shí)，從句不用虛擬語氣，而按需要來 選擇時(shí)態(tài)（如例5、6）。3.在suggestion, proposal, plan, order, advice等表示“建議、計(jì)劃、命令、勸告”的名詞后的同位語從 句、從句中要用語氣，即（如例3）。（三）wh-ever與no matter wh-的用法區(qū)別1. Sarah hopes to become a friend ofshares her interestsA. any

25、one B whomever C. whoever D. no matter who2. He would believeyou saidA. anything what B whatever C. no matter what D. what ever3. I said, he wouldift listen to meA. Whatever B. No matter what C. Whatever/No matter what D. Anything what解題點(diǎn)撥：wh-ever既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，又可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句（如例1、2）；而no matter wh只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句（如

26、例3）。探究二：同位語從句（一）同位語從句中引導(dǎo)詞的選用（用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞完成句子）1 I have no ideahe has gone2.1 have no ideahe did it.3.1 have no ideahe did解題點(diǎn)撥：在have no idea之后常用wh-引導(dǎo)同位語從句。4. A saying goespractice makes perfect.熟能生巧是一句諺語。5. Word（消息）camethe mayor（市長）will visit our school next week.解題點(diǎn)撥：同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞有時(shí)與它所解釋說明的名詞被其他成分隔開，構(gòu)成分隔式同位語從

27、句。（二）選用whether或that填空6. There is no doubthe will keep his promise.7. We have some doubtthey can complete the task on time8.1 dont doubtyou will succeed.9.1 doubt he will come tonight.解題點(diǎn)撥：doubt（懷疑）即可作動(dòng)詞，也可作名詞，用于肯左句時(shí)，其后的賓語從句和同位語從句 常用 引導(dǎo)（如例7、9）； doubt用于否定句時(shí)（不懷疑），其后的賓語從句和同位語從句常用引導(dǎo)從句（如例6、8）。在同位語從句中表示是否”

28、時(shí)，只能用不能用if。（三）選用 A. that B which C. that/which 填空10. The news（whicli/ that） our team has won the match is true. （從句）11. The news（which/ that） he told me just now is true. （從句）連詞珊hl引導(dǎo)同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別:引導(dǎo)從句that在從句中 的作用有無意義可否省略可否用 which代替從句的作用同位語從句連接詞成分， 只起連接作用，不省略不可代替說明前面名詞的具體內(nèi)容定語從句關(guān)系代詞、.表語， 起連接作用，有意義作語時(shí)可

29、省略指時(shí)?？捎脀hich代替或限制先行詞【問題拓展，能力提升】一、單項(xiàng)填空1.11 is generally considered unwise to give a childhe or she wantsA. however B. whatever C. whichever D whenever2. It is none of your businessother people think about you. Believe yourself. （2007 福建）A. how B. what C. which D. when3. He didift makeclear when and w

30、here the meeting would be held. （2007 天津）A. this B. thatC. itD. these4. Id appreciateif you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A. that B. itC. thisD. you5. she couldnt understand wasfewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. （2000 全國卷）A. that; what B. what; whyC. what; beca

31、useD. why; that6. Word cameNapoleon（拿破侖）himself was coming to inspect them.A. which B. when C. what D. that7. It suddenly occurred to himhe had left his keys in the office. （2012 年江西卷）A. whetherB. whereC. which D. that8. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knewshe was so angry. （2010湖南卷） A. whereB. whether C. that D. why9. I prefer shutting myself in a