中英語語法反意疑問句歸納總結

1、中英語語法 反意疑問句 反意疑問句是由兩部分組成的，前一部分是對事物的陳述（即陳述句），后一部分是簡短的提問（即簡短疑問句），中間用逗號隔開。 如果前一部分用肯定句，后一部分就用否定疑問句；如果前一部分用否定句，后一部分就用肯定疑問句。兩部分的人稱和時態(tài)要一致。其回答是用yes或no來表示。 一、含be(is, are, was, were)動詞的反意疑問句 其句型是：句型1:主語+ be+其它，isnt(arent, wasnt, werent)+ 主語? 句型2:主語+ be not+其它，is(are, was, were) + 主語? You are from America, are

2、nt you? Yes, I am. No, Im not. It isnt very cold today, is it? Yes, it is. No, it isnt. Tom was away yesterday, wasnt he? Yes, he was. No, he wasnt. The Green werent at home last night, were they? Yes, they were. No, they werent. Mary is reading English now, isnt she? Yes, she is. No, she isnt. Your

3、 parents arent going to have a party this Sunday, are they? Yes, they are. No, they arent. The girls were singing when the teacher came in, werent they? Yes, they were. No, they werent. 注意：There be句型 There is an old picture on the wall, isnt there? Yes, there is. No, there isnt. There arent any chil

4、dren in the room, are there? Yes, there are. No, there arent. There wasnt a telephone call for me, was there? Yes, there was. No, there wasnt. There were enough people to pick apples, werent there? Yes, there were. No there werent. 二、行為動詞的一般現在時的反意疑問句 其句型是：句型1: 主語+動詞原形+其它，dont I(you, we, they)? 句型2:

5、主語+ dont+動詞原形+其它，do I(you, we, they)? 句型3: 主語+動詞第三人稱單數+其它，doesnt he(she, it)? 句型4: 主語+ doesnt+動詞原形+其它，does he(she, it)? You often watch TV in the evening, dont you? Yes, I do. No, I dont. The students dont study hard, do they? Yes, they do. No, they dont. Mary studies Chinese hard, doesnt she? Yes,

6、she does. No, she doesnt. The boy doesnt often go to school by bike, does he? Yes, he does. No, he doesnt. The first class begins at eight, doesnt it? Yes, it does. No, it doesnt. 三、 行為動詞的一般過去時的反意疑問句 其句型是：句型1: 主語+動詞過去式+其它，didnt+主語? 句型2: 主語+didnt+動詞原形+其它，did +主語? t. t you? Yes, I did. No, I didn You

7、watched TV last night, didn Jims parents didnt go to Hong Kong last month, did they? Yes, they did. No, they didnt. The rain stopped, didnt it? Yes, it did. No, it didnt. Mr. Clarke didnt buy a car, didnt he? Yes, he did. No, he didnt. 四、一般將來時的反意疑問句 其句型是：句型1: 主語+will+動詞原形+其它，wont+主語? 句型2: 主語+ wont +

8、動詞原形+其它，will +主語? The boys will play games, wont they? Yes, they will. No, they wont. It wont stop raining, will it? Yes, it will. No, it wont. Mr. Smith will visit our school next week, wont he? Yes, he will. No, he wont. 注意：There be句型的一般將來時 There will be a basketball match tomorrow, wont there? Ye

9、s, there will. No, there wont. There wont be too much pollution in the future, will there? Yes, there will. No, there wont. 五、現在完成時的反意疑問句 其句型是：句型1: 主語+have+動詞過去分詞+其它，havent+主語? 句型2: 主語+ havent +動詞過去分詞+其它，have +主語? 句型3: 主語+has+動詞過去分詞+其它，hasnt+主語? 句型4: 主語+ hasnt +動詞過去分詞+其它，has +主語? You have been to Sh

10、anghai before, havent you? Yes I have. No, I havent. You havent been to Shanghai before, have you? Yes I have. No, I havent. Jack has done his homework, hasnt he? Yes, he has. No, he hasnt. Jack hasnt done his homework, has he? Yes, he has. No, he hasnt. 六、現在完成進行時的反意疑問句 其句型是：句型1: 主語+have been+動詞現在分詞

11、+其它，havent+主語? 句型2: 主語+ havent been +動詞現在分詞+其它，have +主語? 句型3: 主語+has been +動詞現在分詞+其它，hasnt+主語? 句型4: 主語+ hasnt been +動詞現在分詞+其它，has +主語? You have been skating for five hours, havent you? Yes, I have. No, I havent. You havent been skating for five hours, have you? Yes, I have. No, I havent. Bob has bee

12、n collecting kites since 1999, hasnt he? Yes, he has. No, he hasnt. Bob hasnt been collecting kites since 1999, has he? Yes, he has. No, he hasnt. 七、含有情態(tài)動詞的反意疑問句 其句型是：句型1: 主語+情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形+其它，情態(tài)動詞否定形式+主語? 句型2: 主語+情態(tài)動詞否定形式+動詞原形+其它，情態(tài)動詞+主語? You can speak French, cant you? Yes, I can. No, I cant. They cant

13、 understand me, can they? Yes, they can. No, they cant. Ann could swim when she was six, couldnt she? Yes, she could. No, she couldnt. The students must study hard, mustnt they? Yes, they must. No, they neednt. 注意：You must go home now, neednt you? Yes, I must. No, I neednt. 值得注意的是有時英語的謂語動詞并不用否定式（即沒加

14、上not）， 而是用上了“never, little, few, hardly, nothing, nobody”等詞，這時該陳述句也屬于否定句，因此，反意疑問句的后半部分應用肯定疑問式。 You have never been to Beijing, have you? Yes, I have. No, I havent. Mr. Fat has few friends here, does he? Yes, he does. No, he doesnt. There is little milk in the bottle, is there? Yes, there is. No, the

15、re isnt. He could do nothing, could he? Yes, he could. No, he couldnt. 八、祈使句用于反意疑問句中 這種類型較特殊，前一部分是祈使句，后一部分是肯定疑問形式?；卮鹨草^靈活。 句型1: Let me+動詞原形+其它，shall I? Let me open the door, shall I? Yes, please. No, thanks. 句型2: Lets+動詞原形+其它，shall we? Lets go for a walk, shall we? Good idea! Sorry, I cant. 句型3: 其它形式

16、的祈使句，will you? Come into the classroom, will you? OK. 反意疑問句綜述 反意疑問句提出情況或看法，問對方同不同意，這種問句都由兩部分組成，前一部分用陳述句的形式，后一部分是一個附著在前一部分上的簡短問句。 1一般情況下，如陳述句中含有助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或系動詞be, 則在附加疑問句中應重復此助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或系動詞be, 問句中的主語應與前面陳述句的主語同指一個(些)人或物。如： He has finished his homework, hasnt he? She cant swim, can she? Mary is a college s

17、tudent, isnt she? 2如陳述句部分中謂語動詞僅為實義動詞。則應借助于助動詞do 的適當形式引導問句。附加疑問句部分的主語與陳述句的主語一致。如： You went home yesterday, didnt you? He likes playing basketball, doesnt he? 3如陳述句部分是 I 引導的主系表結構組成，附加疑問句部分的主語仍用第一人稱單數，但謂語動詞應用are的某種形式，一般不用am。如： Im a teacher, arent I / aint I? 4若陳述句部分為祈使句，則附加疑問句部分中用will you 或 wont you。如：

18、 Be quick, wont you / will you? Let us have a rest, will you / wont you? 但如陳述句部分為否定祈使句，附加疑問句部分用will you。如： Dont smoke here, will you? Dont make so mush noise, will you? 如果陳述句部分為lets 開頭的祈使句，附加疑問句部分用“shall we?”。如： Lets stop here, shall we? 等否定意義的hardly, seldom, never, little, few, never如陳述句部分含有5 詞時，附加

19、疑問句部分要用肯定形式。如： He hardly raised his head, did he? She is never here on time, is she？ 6如陳述句部分的主語為nothing, nobody, none, no one 等含有否定意義的不定代詞時，附加疑問句部分用肯定形式。如： Nothing has happened, has it? No one knows about it, does he? 7如陳述句部分的主語為表示物的不定代詞everything, something, nothing, anything等時，附加疑問句部分主語應是it。如： Not

20、hing has been taken away, has it? Everything is right, isnt it? 8陳述句部分的主語為表示人的不定代詞no one, someone, nobody, everyone, anybody, anyone等時，附加疑問句部分主語用they 或 he。如： Everybody knows how to do it, dont they/ doesnt he? Nobody was there, wasnt he / werent they? 9如陳述句部分的謂動詞或表語是通過加前綴構成的否定詞，附加疑問句部分用否定形式。如： He is

21、 unfit for the job, isnt he? They discovered the secret, didnt they? It is unnecessary to write down all the words and phrases, isnt it? 10.陳述句部分的主語是“none+of+ n.”, 附加疑問句部分的謂語在人稱和數上應和這個名詞保持一致。如： None of the students went there, did they? None of the dish smells good, does it? 11. 陳述句部分是一個復合句，附加疑問句部分的

22、主語謂語在人稱和數上一般與主句保持一致。如： He said he would help me, didnt he? You promised that you would do me a favour, didnt you? 12在復合句中，如果主句的主語是I，謂語動詞是think, believe, suppose, guess等時,附加疑問句部分的主語和謂語應和從句保持一致。當主句或從句中出現否定詞時，則附加疑問句部分一律用肯定形式。如： I dont think you are right, are you? I believe he will come today, wont he?

23、 I suppose you know him, dont you? 13陳述句部分的謂語動詞是wish，附加疑問句部分應用“may+主語”。如： I wish to go there tomorrow, may I? I wish to have a word with you, may I? 14陳述句部分是there be 句型時，附加疑問句部分主語用“be there”的適當形式。 如： There are a lot of students in the hall, arent there? There wont be any trouble, will there? There i

24、s something wrong, isnt there? 15陳述句部分的主語為this 或that，附加疑問句部分的主語用代詞it；如果是these 或those，用they。如： t it? This is a desk, isn These are books, arent they? 16當動詞不定式、動名詞短語、從句作主語時，附加疑問句部分主語用it，謂語動詞由陳述句部分決定。如： To see is to believe, isnt it? What he said is true, isnt it? Where to hold the meeting has not been

25、 decided, has it? Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, doesnt it? 17如果陳述句部分由兩個或以上的并列句組成，則附加疑問句部分的主謂語應和最后一個分句保持一致。如： He studies hard and he is the best one in his class, isnt he? He got up late, and he didnt arrive on time, did he? He has been writing letters all afternoon, and he should

26、be finished, shouldnt he? 18當陳述句部分含有情態(tài)動詞must，且表示推測意義“一定”、“想必”時，附加疑問句部分不能用must，而應根據陳述句部分的不定式結構采用相應的主動詞或助動詞。 (1) must be, must be doing 的反意問句用be not 的簡略式。如： He must be your friend, isnt he? They must be hunting in the mountains, arent they? (2) must +have done (been) 時，若動作在過去發(fā)生，用didnt / wasnt / werent

27、；若動作延續(xù)但現在或已經完成，則用havent/ hasnt。如： He must have been a schoolboy when the war broke out, wasnt he? He must have joined the army when he left home, didnt he? Charlie must have worked here for 12 years, hasnt he? Its one oclock in the afternoon. They must have had lunch, havent they? (3) must+動詞原型（be,h

28、ave除外)，用do / does / did not 的簡略式，若must 后接表示 “有”的意思的have，則用have / has / had not 或 do / did/ dose not皆可。如： He must feel terrible, doesnt he? You must have a lot of jewels, havent / dont you? 19當陳述句部分的must 表示“必須”時，附加疑問句部分用mustnt; must 表示“有 必要”時，附加疑問句部分用neednt；mustnt 表示“禁止”時，附加疑問句部分一般用must,有時用may。如： You

29、 must work hard next term, mustnt you? I must answer the letter, mustnt it? You must go back right now, neednt you? You mustnt walk on grass, must you? 20當陳述句部分含有情態(tài)動詞ought to 時，附加疑問句部分可以用oughtnt ( in British English)，也可以用shouldnt(in American English)。如： You ought to go there, oughtnt you / shouldnt

30、you? 21當陳述句部分含有情態(tài)動詞need，dare 時，如果need, dare 為情態(tài)動詞，則附加疑問句部分應重復此動詞；如果是實意動詞時，則要借助助動詞do。如： You dare to swim in the sea, dont you? He neednt say sorry to me, need he? 22當陳述句部分的謂語動詞是have 時,附加疑問句部分應視不同情況采用不同形 式。 (1) have意為“有”時，附加疑問句部分采用have或do 的形式。如： She has two children, hasnt she?/doesnt she? She doesnt

31、have a new bike, does she? (2) 其他情況下，則應借助于do。如： They had a meeting here yesterday, didnt they? 23陳述句部分以代詞one 作主語時，附加疑問句部分在正式場合用one，非正式的用you。如： One cant be too careful, can one (canyou )? 24陳述句部分用had better結構時，附加疑問句部分用had。如： You had better finish the experiment, hadnt you? 25. 陳述句部分用have to do sth. 結

32、構時,附加疑問句部分借助于助動詞do的適當形式。 如： I have to do the work now, dont I? She had to give up the plan, didntshe? We have to finish the composition in class, dont we? 26.當陳述句部分用used to 時，附加疑問句部分用used to形式或did形式。如： He used to have a walk after supper, usednt he / didnt he? 27陳述句部分是感嘆句時，附加疑問句部分應用否定形式，其主語取決于表示感嘆的對

33、象采用相應的代詞，且用動詞be的現在時。如： What a lovely day, isnt it? What colours, arent they? What a stupid boy, isnt he? How delighted, isnt he? 28陳述句部分用neither.nor.，either.or.并列主語時，附加疑問句部分根據其實際邏輯意義而定。如： Neither you nor I am an engineer, are we? Neither you or he studies politics, dont they? 29當對某人的話表示懷疑或諷刺時，用簡略的形式

34、重復對方的話，然后再加上反意問句，陳述句部分和附加疑問句部分的形式應取得一致，要么都肯定，要么都否定。如： Jack: Tom told me he saw a snake last night. Mary: He did, did he? 30陳述句部分有語氣詞so, ah, oh等時,附加疑問句部分與陳述句部分應該同為肯定或否定，這類反意問句往往帶有感情色彩。 如： So you are a student, are you? So she cant swim, cant she? 反意疑問句的特殊情況如下： 1) 陳述部分的主語是I，疑問部分要用 aren”t I. I”m as tal

35、l as your sister，aren”t I? 2) 陳述部分的謂語是wish，疑問部分要用may +主語。 I wish to have a word with you, may I? 3) 陳述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含義的詞時，疑問部分用肯定含義。 The Swede made no answer, did he / she? Some plants never blown (開花), do they ? 4) 含有ought to 的反意疑問句，陳述部分是肯定的，疑

36、問部分用shouldn”t / oughtn” 主語。t + He ought to know what to do, oughtn”t he? / shouldn”t he? 5) 陳述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑問部分常用don”t +主語（didn”t +主語）。 We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don”t we? 6) 陳述部分的謂語是used to 時，疑問部分用didn”t +主語或 usedn”t +主語。 He used to take pictures there, didn”t he? / us

37、edn”t he? 7) 陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問句部分用hadn”t you? You”d better read it by yourself, hadn”t you? 8) 陳述部分有would rather +v.，疑問部分多用 wouldn”t +主語。 He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn”t he? 9) 陳述部分有You”d like to +v. 疑問部分用wouldn”t +主語。 You”d like to go with me, wouldn”t you? 10) 陳述部分

38、有must 的疑問句，疑問部分根據實際情況而定。 He must be a doctor, isn”t he? You must have studied English for three years, haven”t you? / didn”t you? He must have finished it yesterday, didn”t he? 11) 感嘆句中，疑問部分用be +主語。 What colours, aren”t they? What a smell, isn”t it? 12) 陳述部分由neither nor, either or 連接的并列主語時，疑問部分根據其實際邏輯意義而定。 Neither you nor I am engineer, are we? 13) 陳述部分主語是指示代詞或不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this, 疑問部分主語用it。 Everything is ready, isn”t it? 14) 陳述部分為主語從句或并列復合句，疑問部分有三種情況： a. 并列復合句疑問部分，謂語動詞根據鄰近從句的謂語而定。 Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should