廣東高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解考點(diǎn)突破--最佳標(biāo)題

1、2021/2/2111、主旨?xì)w納題、主旨?xì)w納題(main idea)2、細(xì)節(jié)理解題、細(xì)節(jié)理解題(questions of details)3、推理判斷題、推理判斷題(questions of inference)4、詞義猜測(cè)題、詞義猜測(cè)題(words in context)2021/2/212“得閱讀者得閱讀者, ,得天下得天下” 讓我們一起努力讓我們一起努力, , 征服閱讀征服閱讀, ,戰(zhàn)勝高考戰(zhàn)勝高考! ! Lets conquer English 2021/2/2132021/2/214最佳標(biāo)題（最佳標(biāo)題（Best titleBest title） 該題型考查考生對(duì)文章的主題、標(biāo)題、該題

2、型考查考生對(duì)文章的主題、標(biāo)題、中心思想的理解程度及辨別中心思想的理解程度及辨別主要信息主要信息和次要信息和次要信息的能力。常見(jiàn)題型為最佳的能力。常見(jiàn)題型為最佳標(biāo)題（標(biāo)題（titletitle）或中心思想（）或中心思想（main main ideaidea）。做這類題時(shí)常用跳讀法?？欤?。做這類題時(shí)常用跳讀法?？焖匍喿x文章找出速閱讀文章找出各個(gè)段落的主題句各個(gè)段落的主題句, ,然然后把后把各個(gè)段落的主題句聯(lián)系起來(lái)各個(gè)段落的主題句聯(lián)系起來(lái), ,著眼著眼于于全文結(jié)構(gòu)全文結(jié)構(gòu)安排了解文章的重心安排了解文章的重心, ,這樣這樣就能就能概括出文章的中心概括出文章的中心。 2021/2/215通常情況下主題句

3、在文中的位置通常情況下主題句在文中的位置 : :說(shuō)明文說(shuō)明文議論文議論文 記敘文記敘文在開頭在開頭 （較常見(jiàn)）（較常見(jiàn)）在結(jié)尾在結(jié)尾 （較少見(jiàn)）（較少見(jiàn)）在中間在中間中心貫中心貫穿全穿全文文（較常見(jiàn)）（較常見(jiàn)）2021/2/216 干擾項(xiàng)的陷阱干擾項(xiàng)的陷阱 文章的標(biāo)題是中心思想最精練的表達(dá)形式文章的標(biāo)題是中心思想最精練的表達(dá)形式,1. ,1. 選擇的標(biāo)題意義范圍要能涵蓋全文選擇的標(biāo)題意義范圍要能涵蓋全文, ,不能太大不能太大, ,也不能太小也不能太小 2.2.命題者在出此類題時(shí)命題者在出此類題時(shí), ,往往利用往往利用生活常識(shí)編造干擾項(xiàng)生活常識(shí)編造干擾項(xiàng),3.,3.把文中的把文中的細(xì)節(jié)當(dāng)主旨細(xì)節(jié)

4、當(dāng)主旨或只言片語(yǔ)或只言片語(yǔ), ,利用局部信息利用局部信息編造干擾項(xiàng)編造干擾項(xiàng),4. ,4. 編編制制超出文章范圍超出文章范圍的標(biāo)題或的標(biāo)題或不能涵蓋文章中心不能涵蓋文章中心思想思想的標(biāo)題來(lái)考查學(xué)生的理解程度。對(duì)選擇的標(biāo)題來(lái)考查學(xué)生的理解程度。對(duì)選擇標(biāo)題類題標(biāo)題類題, ,若遇到實(shí)在拿不太準(zhǔn)的情況若遇到實(shí)在拿不太準(zhǔn)的情況, ,不妨不妨自己思考一下自己思考一下: :“如果是我寫這個(gè)題目如果是我寫這個(gè)題目, ,我會(huì)怎我會(huì)怎樣寫樣寫? ?” 2021/2/217 解題的小竅門: 1. 正確選項(xiàng)常含有抽象名詞或概括性詞語(yǔ)。 2. 正確的選項(xiàng)一般不出現(xiàn)細(xì)節(jié)信息,不含過(guò)分肯定或絕對(duì)意義的詞。 3. 那些概括全

5、文、內(nèi)容全面、含義深刻、說(shuō)明道理的選項(xiàng)往往有一個(gè)正確答案。 4. 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,內(nèi)容相近或完全相反的兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)中往往有一個(gè)正確答案。 5. 干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn):A: 概括范圍太窄,只含局部信息。 B: 概括范圍太寬,所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容超出或多于文章闡述的內(nèi)容。 C: 無(wú)關(guān)信息:即文章中未提到、或找不到語(yǔ)言依據(jù)的信息。2021/2/218 解題技巧點(diǎn)撥解題技巧點(diǎn)撥 1. 段落中出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折時(shí),該句可能是主題句。 2. 作者有意識(shí)的重復(fù)的觀點(diǎn),通常是主旨;反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞語(yǔ),一般為體現(xiàn)文章主旨的關(guān)鍵詞。 3. 提出文章的主旨時(shí)常伴有文字提示,如: therefore, thus, but, however, in fact

6、, in short 等等。 4. 首段出現(xiàn)疑問(wèn)句時(shí),對(duì)該問(wèn)題的解答就是文章的主旨。 方法:跳讀法（skimming）尋找 title, main idea.2021/2/219 When it comes to friends, I desire those who will share my happiness, who possess wings of their own and who will fly with me. I seek friends whose qualities illuminate（照亮）me and train me up for love. It is for

7、 these people that I reserve the glowing hours, too good not to share. When I was in the eighth grade, I had a friend. - When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend, - For almost four years I have had remarkable friend whose imagination illuminates mine. - It is such comforting companions I wi

8、sh to keep. One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist（心理學(xué)家）,who will only fill up the healing（愈合的）silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.2021/2/2110 What is the best title for the passage? A. Unf

9、orgettable Experiences B. Remarkable Imagination C. Lifelong Friendship D. Noble Companions 2021/2/2111閱讀下列短文或選段閱讀下列短文或選段, 從每題所給的從每題所給的A、B、C和和D項(xiàng)中項(xiàng)中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(1) 2009湖北卷湖北卷When I was seven my father gave me a Timex, my first watch. I loved it, wore it for years, and havent had another one since

10、 it stopped ticking a decade ago. Why? Because I dont need one. I have a mobile phone and Im always near someone with an iPod or something like that. All these devices(裝置裝置)tell the time-which is why, if you look around, youll see lots of empty wrists; sales of watches to young adults have been goin

11、g down since 2007.考點(diǎn)擊破考點(diǎn)擊破2021/2/2112 But while the wise have realized that they dont need them, others-apparently including some distinguished men of our time-are spending total fortunes on them. Brands such as Rolex, Patek Philippe and Breitling command shocking prices, up to 250,000 for a piece.

12、But these days all watches tell the time as well as all other watches. So why pay that much of five years school fees for watches that allow you to do these things? Watches are now classified as “investments”(投資投資). A 1994 Philippe recently sold for nearly 350,000, while 1960s Rolexes have gone from

13、 15,000 to 30,000 plus in a year. But a watch is not an investment. Its a a matter of fashion. But when fashion moves on, the owner of that 350,000 beauty will suddenly find his pride and joy is no more a good investment than my childhood Timex.2021/2/211364. Which would be the best title for the pa

14、ssage?A. Timex or Rolex?B. My Childhood TimexC. Watches? Not for Me!D. Watches-a Valuable Collection(1)C。根據(jù)尋找主題句的第根據(jù)尋找主題句的第(3)個(gè)小竅門個(gè)小竅門“首段出現(xiàn)疑問(wèn)首段出現(xiàn)疑問(wèn)句時(shí)句時(shí),對(duì)該問(wèn)題的回答很可能就是文章主旨對(duì)該問(wèn)題的回答很可能就是文章主旨”可知可知Why?后面的便是主題句后面的便是主題句,與此相符的只有選項(xiàng)與此相符的只有選項(xiàng)C正確。正確。2021/2/2114(2) 2009福建卷福建卷We already know the fastest, least expen

15、sive way to slow climate change: Use less energy. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us could reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or moredoing the Earth a favor while also helping our wallets. Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating up even faster than predicted

16、only a few years ago, and that the consequences could be severe if we dont keep reducing emissions（排（排放）放）of carbon dioxide（CO2）and other greenhouse gases that are trapping heat in our atmosphere. 2021/2/2115 We decided to try an experiment. For one month we recorded our personal emissions of CO2. .

17、 We wanted to see how much we could cut back, so we went on a strict diet. The average US household(家家庭庭) produces about 150 pounds of CO2 a day by doing common-place things like turning on air-conditioning or driving cars. Thats more than twice the European average and almost five times the global

18、average, mostly because Americans drive more and have bigger houses. But how much should we try to reduce?2021/2/2116 “To stay below that point, we need to reduce CO2 emissions by 80 percent,” he said. Good advice, I thought. Wed gotten so used to keeping our air-conditioning going around the clock.

19、 Id almost forgotten the windows even opened. We should not let this happen again. Its time for us to change our habits if necessary. 79. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A. Saving Energy Starts at Home B. Changing Our Habits Begins at WorkC. Changing Climate Sounds Re

20、asonable D. Reducing Emissions of CO2 Proves Difficult(2)A。由第一段基本可以判斷出答案了由第一段基本可以判斷出答案了,再結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容再結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容,及最后一句可知及最后一句可知,改變家庭生活習(xí)慣便可節(jié)能減排。改變家庭生活習(xí)慣便可節(jié)能減排。2021/2/2117 On hearing the words “Just do it!”, you will know there is a Nike product nearby. If its “Always Coca-cola”, you can be sure someone wants t

21、o sell you a refreshing drink. An advertising slogan is to brand what eyes are to a person. The slogan helps people understand the brand better by telling them what it wants to sell to its customers. Good slogans leave a message in peoples minds. Its almost certain that every brand has a popular slo

22、gan. “Just do it!” a slogan that speaks out to teens. It tells them to do something, but only if they think its worth it. And if so, why not do it wearing Nike?2021/2/2118Question: What would be best title for the text?A. Just Do It!B. Slogan and BrandC. Famous SlogansD. What Is a Good Slogan?2021/2

23、/2119 Atlanta, GA, June20, 2008Scientists believe they have found ice on Mars. The Phoenix Mars Lander showed bits of what appeared to be ice while digging a trench (溝) near the Martian North Pole. Pieces of bright material photographed in the trench later disappeared, meaning they are likely to hav

24、e been frozen water that vaporized (蒸發(fā)) after being uncovered. The NASAs investigator (調(diào)查員) Peter Smith, of the University of Arizona, said, “These little pieces completely disappeared over the course of a few days, which clearly makes us believe that its ice. There had been some question whether th

25、e bright material was salt. Salt cant do that.” 2021/2/2120 The Phoenix Mars Lander is studying whether the arctic area of the Red Planet could be lived in. Its using its robotic arm to dig up some soil and scientists have been hoping it will find frozen water.Question:The best title for the passage

26、 may be _. A. Phoenix Mars Lander B. Live on Mars C. Phoenix Mars Lander discovers “ice” D. A great step into outer space 2021/2/2121 Shopping is not as simple as you may think! There are all sorts of tricks at play each time we reach out for that particular brand of product on the shelf. Coloring,

27、for example, varies according to what the producers are trying to sell. Health foods are packaged in greens, yellows or browns because we think of these as healthy colors. Ice cream packets are often blue and expensive goods, like chocolates, are gold or silver. The size of a product can attract a s

28、hopper. But quite often a bottle doesnt contain a s much as it 2021/2/2122 appears to. It is believed that the better-known companies spend, on average, 70 percent of the total cost of the product itself on packaging ! (04 廣東) Which of the following would be the best title for this text? A. Choice o

29、f Good Products B. Disadvantages of Products C. Effect of Packaging on Shopping D. Brand Names and Shopping Tricks2021/2/2123 Are you sometimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon? Many people feel this way after lunch. They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness. Or

30、 in summer, they may think it is the heat. However, the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time-about eight hours after you wake up-your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy. Scientists have tested sleep habits in experiments where there was no nigh

31、t or day. The people in these experiment almost always followed a similar sleeping pattern. They slept for one long period and then for one short period about eight hours later. (四川)2021/2/2124 What would be the best title for the text? A. Just for a Rest B. All for a nap C. A Special Sleep pattern

32、D. Taking naps in Warmer Climate2021/2/2125 Different cultures emphasize the importance of relationship building to a greater or lesser degree. For example, business in some countries is not possible until there is a relationship of trust. Talk and silence may also be different in some cultures. I o

33、nce made a speech in Thailand. I had expected my speech to be a success and start a living discussion; instead there was an uncomfortable silence. In my own culture, we express meaning mainly through words, but people there sometimes feel too many words are unnecessary. Even within Northern Europe,

34、cultural differences can cause serious problems. People from different parts of the world have different values, and sometimes these values are quite against each other -(安徽) What would be the best title for the text? A . Multicultural Environment B. Cross-Cultural Differences C. How to Understand E

35、ach Other D. How to Build up a Relationship2021/2/2126 Do you want to live with a strong sense of peacefulness, happiness, goodness, and self-respect? The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized as “honor” help you create this life of good feelings. Heres an example to show how honorable

36、 actions create happiness. - There is a beautiful positive cycle that is created by living a life of honorable actions. Honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions. Honorable actions lead us to a happier existence. And its 2021/2/2127 easy to think and act honorable again when were happy. While the

37、 positive cycle can be different to start, once its started, its easy to continue. Keeping on doing good deeds brings us peace of mind, which is important for our happiness. (07 廣東) Which of the following can be the best title of this passage? A. How to Live Truthfully B. Importance of Peacefulness

38、C. Ways of Gaining Self-respect D. Happiness through Honorable Actions2021/2/2128 One August afternoon, Richard Allen dropped off his last passenger, Mrs.Carey.Lifting two grocery bags, he followed her across the yard and stood on the step of her house. Glancing up, he saw a large wasps（黃蜂） nest und

39、er the roof- She stepped quickly inside. Allen ran for his minibus. Too late; As he was driving down the road, Allen felt as if something was burning at the back of his neck, and the “fire” was spreading forward toward his face- Miles from the nearest medical assistance, Allen began to feel his tong

40、ue thick and heavy and his heartbeat - Rushing down the mountain, Allen tried not to panic, focusing his mind on each sharp - Hold on, Allen thought. Keep your eyes open. Breathe. Keep awake. At last he reached the station. Two firemen ran out. Allen felt their hands grasp him before he hit the grou

41、nd. You made it, he thought.2021/2/2129 Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Allen, A Helpless Driver B. Wasps, Bloody Killers C. A Race Against Death D. War Against Wasps2021/2/21306 Magellans men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do

42、so by ship. Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the trip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust.