（推薦）初三英語(yǔ)專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)賓語(yǔ)從句講解

1、初三英語(yǔ)專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)（二）賓語(yǔ)從句一、 語(yǔ)從句的定義賓語(yǔ)從句顧名思義就是作（及物動(dòng)詞、介詞或某些形容詞）賓語(yǔ)的部分是由句子來(lái)充當(dāng)。因此把這樣的句子（含有從句）叫做復(fù)句。二、 過(guò)好“三關(guān)”學(xué)習(xí)賓語(yǔ)從句（一）過(guò)引導(dǎo)詞關(guān)賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞主要有： （有時(shí)可以省略）； / ； （如：連接代詞 ， ， ， ；連接副詞 ， ， ， ；還有how many/much,how often,how long 等）。1當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句一個(gè)陳述句變化而來(lái)時(shí)，其引導(dǎo)詞用 來(lái)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句 ，在句子中無(wú)意義，因此可以省略。如：He is a good student. I know. I know (that )he is a go

2、od student.2當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句一個(gè)一般疑問(wèn)句變化而來(lái)時(shí)，其引導(dǎo)詞用 或 來(lái)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，其意義是 。如：The teacher asks me. Does the boy like playing football? The teacher asks me if the boy likes playing football.只用wether的幾種情況：（1） 在動(dòng)詞不定式之前只能用whether 如： I cant decide whether to stay. 我不能決定是否留下。（2） 在whether or not 的固定搭配中如：I want to know whether its

3、 good news or not . 我想知道是否是好消息。（3） 在介詞后，只能用whether如：His father is worried about whether he lose his work . 他的父親擔(dān)心是否會(huì)失去工作。（4） 賓語(yǔ)從句放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，只能用whether 如： Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem . 他們是否能準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作還是個(gè)問(wèn)題。3當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是由一個(gè)特殊疑問(wèn)句變化而來(lái)時(shí)，其引導(dǎo)詞用原句的 來(lái)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。（如：連接代詞 ， ， ， ；連接副詞 ， ， ， ；還

4、有how many/much, how often, how long 等）。如：He wants to know. When will we go home? He wants to know when we will go home.習(xí)題：用合適的連接詞填空1. Wang Hai told me _ he didnt go cycling yesterday afternoon.（how, why）2. Can you tell me _ else is going to be on duty today?（who, whom3. She said _ it wouldnt matter

5、much.（that, if）3. He always thinks _ he can do better.（how, who）4. I really dont know _ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）5. They dont know _ we are going hiking.6. She wanted to know _ her coat would be ready the next day.7. I was really surprised at _ I saw.9. I dont know _ so many p

6、eople crowding round him10. Do you know _ shirt it is?（二）過(guò)語(yǔ)序關(guān) 做賓語(yǔ)從句的句子不管原來(lái)是什么語(yǔ)序，在充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)都要用陳述語(yǔ)序，即：“引導(dǎo)詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+其他”。 如：1.Tom said. He is reading a book. Tom said that he was reading a book. 2.He asks me. Are they playing a game? He asks me if/wether they are playing a game. 3.Where is the hospital?

7、He told me. He told me Where the hospital was. 注意:當(dāng)who在從句中做主語(yǔ)時(shí),語(yǔ)序本身就是 “主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)”順序,所以就不再變了.如：I want to know . Who will come tomorrow? I want to know whoill come tomorrow.(三)過(guò)時(shí)態(tài)關(guān)賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)要受到主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，即要和主句的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致（也有特殊情況），賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)往往被忽視，希望能引起我們的注意。從下面三個(gè)方面去把握賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)。 1當(dāng)主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、祈使句時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)句意的需要二選用任意一

8、種時(shí)態(tài)。2當(dāng)主句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)要與原句相對(duì)應(yīng)的過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)（帶“過(guò)去”兩個(gè)字）。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) (下學(xué)期學(xué)習(xí))。3當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句敘述的是客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言警句、諺語(yǔ)等，不管主句是什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。三、賓語(yǔ)從句的特殊語(yǔ)序問(wèn)題 1. 在“Do you think /believe/suppose-?等”或Did you/he/she-?結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語(yǔ)從句如果是由疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的，則要用“疑問(wèn)詞+ do you think /believe/suppose +正常語(yǔ)序？”或“疑問(wèn)詞+ did you/he/she-+正常語(yǔ)序”如：(A)What has happened

9、to him? Do you think? What do you think has happened to him? (B) When are they coming? Did the boy say? When did the boy say they were coming? 2.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句后面帶有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，須用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，其句型為：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+it+補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（形容詞）+賓語(yǔ)從句如：I find it necessary that we should learn English well.三、 否定轉(zhuǎn)移問(wèn)題在think,believe等動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句，如果從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示否

10、定意義，一般要將否定詞not移到主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞上面去，即通過(guò)否定主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞來(lái)否定從句的（意義）謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此時(shí)變反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)仍將賓語(yǔ)從句視為否定，反意疑問(wèn)部分用肯定形式。如：1.I dont think he will come. 2.I dont think he will come,will he? 3. I think he will come,wont he?四、 賓語(yǔ)從句的簡(jiǎn)化1當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是hope,decide,wish,agree等，其后接賓語(yǔ)從句，并且從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，可以簡(jiǎn)化成動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Wei Hua hopes that she will be b

11、ack soon.Wei Hua hopes to be back soon.2當(dāng)know,learn,remember,forget等動(dòng)詞其后接賓語(yǔ)從句，并且從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，可以簡(jiǎn)化成“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：I dont know what I should say. I dont know what to say.3當(dāng)tell,learn,show,teach等動(dòng)詞其后接賓語(yǔ)從句，并且從句主語(yǔ)與主句的間接賓語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，可以簡(jiǎn)化成“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Could you tell me how I can get there?(句子中的 me 和I指的是同一個(gè)人)可以改寫(xiě)為

12、： Could ysou tell me how to get there? 4動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句，也可以用不定式來(lái)簡(jiǎn)化，但主語(yǔ)要發(fā)生變化。如：It seemed that the boys were going to play ganes. The boys seemed to play games.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.（改為賓語(yǔ)從句） Please tell me _ _ _ _.2. What does he do? Do you know? （改為賓語(yǔ)從句）Do you know _ he _?3. Do t

13、hey want fried chicken? He asked the boys. （改為賓語(yǔ)從句） He asked the boys _ they _ fried chicken.4. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I dont know. （改為賓語(yǔ)從句） I dont know _ the watch _ made in Shanghai.5. “Do you want to try something new?” Toms mother asked him. （同義句）Toms mother asked him _ _ _ to try somet

14、hing new.6. I think this is a good idea.（改為否定句） I _ _ this _ a good idea.7.Lucy hasnt decided which trousers to buy.（改為復(fù)合句） Lucy hasnt decided _ _ _ _ buy.8. I dont know how I can get to the hospital.（改為簡(jiǎn)單句） I dont know _ _ _ to the hospital.三、選擇1. I dont know _ he will be back home.A. who B. what C

15、. when D. where2. Could you tell me _?A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in3. Do you still remember _?A. that he said B. what he said C. did he say that D. what did he say4. I cant understand _the boy alone.A. why she left B. why did she lea

16、ve C. why she had left D. why had she left5. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen6. They tried to find out _ the new train _. A. how far/ had gone B. how long/ has gone C. how far/ went D. how far had/ run7. The manager came up to see _.A. what was the matter B. w

17、hat the matter was C. what the matter is D. whats the matter8. Can you tell me _?A. what are you doing B. where do you studyC. what you were doing D. what to do it9. I cant understand _ the boy alone. A. why she let B. why did she leave C. why had she left D. why she had left10. He asked his father

18、_. A. where it happens B. where did it happen C. how it happened D. how did it happen11.No one tells us_, so we need your help. A. how we should do B. what should we do C. how to do it D. what to do it12. Could you please teach me _ the computer.A. how check B. to check C. how to check D. to how che

19、cking13. _ hell come or not isnt important.A. Why B. If C. Whether D. What14. Would you like to know _they will do it or not. A. if B. that C. whether D. why15. Where do you think _ he _ the TV set? Sorry, Ive no idea. A./, bought B. has, bought C. did, buy D. did bought16. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _ it would be like in _ five years.A. how, another B. what, more C. how , other D. what, another17. Cou