中考語(yǔ)法口訣記憶中考介詞

1、中考復(fù)習(xí)中考復(fù)習(xí)介詞介詞介詞一般用在名詞、名詞詞組或者相當(dāng)于名詞介詞一般用在名詞、名詞詞組或者相當(dāng)于名詞詞組的結(jié)構(gòu)前，構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)。詞組的結(jié)構(gòu)前，構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)。介詞短語(yǔ)可以在句中作定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)和賓介詞短語(yǔ)可以在句中作定語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。一、介詞的功能一、介詞的功能The boy over there is Johns brother.The girl will be back in two hours.Our English teacher is from Australia.He left his pen on the desk at home.定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)表

2、語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)二、介詞的分類二、介詞的分類1.表示時(shí)間的介詞表示時(shí)間的介詞2.表示地點(diǎn)的介詞表示地點(diǎn)的介詞3.位移介詞位移介詞4.其他介詞其他介詞at, in, on, after, before, during, over, from, for, since, until, by etc.in, on, to, over, above, between, blow, under, etc.as/ like (表比較表比較), for(表原因或目的表原因或目的), to/ with/ without (表結(jié)果表結(jié)果), by/ in/ with(表手段或方式表手段或方式), of/ w

3、ith(表所屬表所屬), except(表除去表除去), about/ on (表關(guān)于表關(guān)于)past, across, through, etc.時(shí)間介詞辨析時(shí)間介詞辨析1 (in, on, at)at : 鐘點(diǎn)鐘點(diǎn), 飯時(shí)飯時(shí), 正午正午/午夜午夜 , 年齡年齡, 節(jié)日節(jié)日 at six oclock, at lunchtime, at noon, at the age of 15 at Christmas 但但 on Christmas Dayon: 1)星期幾星期幾,具體日期具體日期,具體某一天的某個(gè)時(shí)候具體某一天的某個(gè)時(shí)候 on Sunday, on 10th November, o

4、n Saturday morning on the evening of May 1st on a cold winter dayin: 1)一天當(dāng)中的某個(gè)時(shí)候一天當(dāng)中的某個(gè)時(shí)候,月，季，年月，季，年 in the morning, in June, in Autumn, in 1990三、易混淆的介詞三、易混淆的介詞1.I often get up early _ the morning, but _ Sunday morning, I get up late.2. My father likes telling us something about his work _ supper.in

5、onat時(shí)間介詞辨析時(shí)間介詞辨析2 (since, for, from, by)后接過去的后接過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，主句用，主句用完成時(shí)完成時(shí)后接后接時(shí)間段時(shí)間段，主句用，主句用完成時(shí)完成時(shí)說明動(dòng)作說明動(dòng)作開始的時(shí)間開始的時(shí)間，1. I have been interested in making model plane _ the age of eight.2. We have learnt 3000 words _ the end of this term.3.He started work _ eight oclock.4.He has worked _ eight hours.since

6、fromfor后接時(shí)間后接時(shí)間點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，跟過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)則用一般，跟過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)則用一般過去時(shí)，跟將來(lái)的時(shí)間點(diǎn)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，過去時(shí)，跟將來(lái)的時(shí)間點(diǎn)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，by now 用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，since, for, from, byby時(shí)間介詞辨析時(shí)間介詞辨析3 (fromto, between and. , not until, during)fromto，從從到到 between and.， 在在和和之間之間not until，直到直到才才during， 跟跟一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間，在在期間期間1.He didnt see his uncle _ 7:45 last night. 2.He

7、was doing his lessons _ 7 and 9 last night.3.There is a cartoon programme _ 6:30 to 7:00 in the evening.4._ the past years, he has worked hard at English.untilbetweenfromDuring1.He came back _ half an hour. 2.Lucy will go out _ half an hour. 3.They will visit her _ Friday.4.Our teacher will be back

8、three months _.5. Frank, when will the short meeting begin? -You should come _ 2:30. If you come 10 minutes _ that time, the meeting will be over.時(shí)間介詞辨析時(shí)間介詞辨析4( (in, after, later) ) afterinafterlaterin + 一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間（用于（用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)） after + 一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間（用于（用于一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)） after + 點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)間（常用于（常用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)）一段時(shí)

9、間一段時(shí)間+ + later atafter1. Li Lei lives two floors _ Dick.2. Eddie jumped _ the chair just now.3. The radio says the weather will fall _ zero.4. The old man sat _ the big tree to have a rest.地點(diǎn)介詞辨析地點(diǎn)介詞辨析 (over, above, below, under)above, 在在上面上面(樓層樓層), 反義詞反義詞belowover, 在在垂直上方，垂直上方，(橋橋)正上方正上方,反義詞反義詞unde

10、raboveoverbelowunder位移介詞位移介詞(across, through, past)across 從表面穿過從表面穿過 through 從內(nèi)部穿過從內(nèi)部穿過past 經(jīng)過經(jīng)過, ,路過路過1.Its rather a tough hike to walk _ the desert within 3 days.2. Look! There is a train going _ the tunnel quickly.3. She went _the post office on her way home.4.People along the streets were all ch

11、eering when the Olympic torch passed _ the city.acrossthroughpastthroughgo/ walk across=crossgo/walk past= pass1. When he past the building, he saw a lot of smoke from the building.2. Dont across the roads when the lights are red. 改錯(cuò)past passedDont across Dont cross其他介詞其他介詞 (except, including, beyon

12、d)except 除除.之外之外, ,其余都其余都including 包含包含 包括包括 beyond 超越超越 1.The book includes 40 stories, _ the story of Xi Wang.2. Mr. Lin gave the textbook to all the students _ ones who had already taken them.3. Sorry, Madam. Youd better come tomorrow because its _ visiting hours.includingexceptbeyond1. You can i

13、mprove English _ reading more. 2. He wrote the letter _ a pen.3.He talked to his father _ the phone.4.They talked _ a loud voice.5. You must say that _ English.in + 材料、聲音、語(yǔ)言材料、聲音、語(yǔ)言 with + 工具、器官工具、器官 by + 方法、手段方法、手段 on/over + 媒介媒介withbyinon/overin表示表示“用用”的介詞的介詞 (in, with, by, on, over)1. for buy sth

14、. for sb. provide sth. for sb. use for doing What for ? for a long time be good/ bad for Its + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.四、常用介詞的搭配四、常用介詞的搭配look for 尋找尋找thanks for 感謝感謝ask for 請(qǐng)求請(qǐng)求pay for 付款付款wait for 等待等待leave for 動(dòng)身去動(dòng)身去be used for 被用來(lái)做被用來(lái)做be late for 遲到遲到be/get ready for 為為作好準(zhǔn)備作好準(zhǔn)備 be famous for 因

15、因而有名而有名 be happy/satisfied/pleased with 對(duì)滿意對(duì)滿意 be filled with= be full of 裝滿裝滿 be strict with sb. 對(duì)嚴(yán)格要求對(duì)嚴(yán)格要求 be charged with 被指控被指控 be angry with 生某人的氣生某人的氣 be attacked with 被襲擊被襲擊 agree/disagree with sb. 不同意不同意 get on/along with 與某人相處融洽與某人相處融洽 with a smile on ones face 面帶微笑面帶微笑play with 和和玩玩make fr

16、iends with 和和交友交友 do/ deal with 處理，對(duì)付處理，對(duì)付2. with3. byby spacecraft 乘乘(交通工具交通工具) by the sea 在在 附近附近 by developing plants 借助借助/通過通過方式方式 work is done by robots. 被被(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))By the year 2100, 在在來(lái)臨之際來(lái)臨之際/前前by the end of 到到為止為止 be afraid of （怕）（怕） be away from （不在某地）（不在某地） be different from （與（與不同）不同） be

17、 good at （善于）（善于） be interested in （對(duì)（對(duì)感興趣）感興趣） be worried about （為（為感到擔(dān)憂）感到擔(dān)憂）另：另： devoteto look forward to pay attention to 五、其他易考的與介詞相關(guān)詞組五、其他易考的與介詞相關(guān)詞組注意：此處的to 是介詞六、易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：1. After you _ home, do your homework first. A. get to B. arrive in C. arrive at D. get到達(dá)到達(dá): get to/ arrive in + 小地點(diǎn)小地點(diǎn)arrive at

18、+大地點(diǎn)大地點(diǎn) / reach但但home, here, there 是副詞是副詞 介詞省略介詞省略2. My coat is made _ cotton. Wine is made _ rice.offrombe made of 材料可看出材料可看出 be made from. 材料看不出來(lái)材料看不出來(lái)3. Its generous _ you to donate a lot of money _ Project Hope. A. for, to B. of, to C. of, for D. of, to4. I think _ necessary _ us to listen to th

19、e teacher carefully. A. that, of B. it, of C. that, for D. it, forIts adj. of sb. to do adj. 是描述是描述人的性格和品質(zhì)人的性格和品質(zhì) Its adj. for sb. to do adj.描述所做描述所做事情的事情的好壞等好壞等性質(zhì)性質(zhì)5. -What do you often do _ classes to relax yourself? -Listen to music. A. over B. among C. between D. in6. In the UK, smoking kills ab

20、out 114,000 people each year. 300 people die every day because of smoking and _ them many are young smokers. A. among B. between C. from D. inamong, 三者三者(及三者以上及三者以上)之間之間between, 兩者之間兩者之間7. Shanghai lies _ the east of China and _ the northeast of Guangdong.8. Shandong lies _ the southeast of Heibei Province. intoonin, 范圍之內(nèi)；范圍之內(nèi)；on,接壤；接壤； to, 范圍之外范圍之外9. We will have a party _ next week. next, last, this, that, tomorrow, yesterday, one, every, all, the day before yesterday, the day after, tomorrow 前不用介詞前不用介詞1.He can improve his spoken English by _(read