大學(xué)英語Unit1Book3

1、Book IIIBy Foreign Language Department of BUCTBook 3Book 3Unit 1 PersonalityPart I Lead-inPart II In-Class ReadingPart III After-Class ReadingTask 1. What is personalityTask 2. Test your vocabularyTask 3. Oral practiceTask 4. Listening practiceTask 5. Watching and speakingTask 6. Personality TestPar

2、t Part : Lead -in: Lead -in In a general sense, personality refers to all the personal and moral characteristics that determine the way that a person thinks, feels and acts in his or her social and personal relations. These traits include a vast variety of attitudes and attributes such as shyness, g

3、enerosity, patience, flexibility, humor, cheerfulness, sadness, selfishness, independence and aggressiveness. Most people are a mix of positive and negative traits.Task 1What is personality?Directions: Work in pairs to complete these imaginary names to form adjectives that describe a persons persona

4、lity.1) Mr. G_would not even hurt a fly, and is always kind and careful.2) Miss De_puts her heart into things she is doing.3) Mr. Co_ always thinks of what other people need and will be kind enough to help the blind cross the street.4) Mr. Ad_ likes to go to wild and unexplored places and do risky t

5、hings.5) It is hard to upset Mr. C_.6) Mr. Ag_ is always ready for a fight.entledicatednsiderateventurousalmgressiveTask 2Check your vocabulary- Mr. and Miss So and So7) Miss C_ enjoys finding fault with things.8) Mr. E_works 14 hours a day, plays tennis and goes jogging.9) Miss Se_ wont share her o

6、wn things with anyone, and always thinks about herself.10) Miss Am_ wants to be good, better, and the best.11) Mr. Self-_ knows he is good, and believes he can do things well.12) Mr. E_ does not get angry or upset easily for small things and gets along with others well.13) Miss Tr_ never tells any l

7、ies.14) Mr. Out_ likes meeting people and is sociable.15) My name is F_. I do not like your make-up.riticalnergeticlfishbitiousconfidentasygoinguthfulgoingrank16) Mr. S_ understands other peoples feelings and problems. But he is also easily hurt or upset.17) Mr. B_ is always telling others what to d

8、o.18) Miss P_ never gets annoyed when doing something that takes a long time.19) Mr. T_ speaks too much on any occasion.20) Mr. P_ is likely to persuade others to believe or do a particular thing.21) Miss Sy_ is kind to those people in misfortune.22) Miss E_ shows her feelings very openly.ensitiveer

9、suasiveossyatientalkativempatheticmotional shy introverted extroverted generous kind broad-minded humorous independent warm-hearted shrewd brave timid enthusiastic honest modest easy-going tolerant friendly cruel sinister affectionate careful reserved diplomatic stubbornsophisticatedromantic sentime

10、ntalTask 2Check your vocabulary- Know more words that describe a persons personalityDirections: Discuss with your partner and decide the personality traits that you think would make an ideal person for the following job. persuasive, expressive, eloquent, seriouslawyercareful, honest, cautious, patie

11、ntaccountantbrave, alert, independent, strong, calmpolice officerpatient, calm, independent, careful, sympatheticdoctorpatient, tolerant, bossy, talkative, humorous, knowledgeable , fairteachershrewd, hardworking, boastful, acute, tricky, aggressivesalespersonPersonality TraitsjobsTask 3Pair workint

12、elligent, talkative, diplomatic, cautiousspokespersoneasygoing, tolerant, sensitive, frank, thorough, efficientsecretarycurious, extroverted, open-minded, adventurousreporteremotional, expressive, optimistic, quick-minded, exaggerated, humoroushost or hostess of a showenthusiastic, talkative, expres

13、sive, energetic, considerate, good-temperedtourist guidePersonality TraitsjobsWords you need to know:go throughindependentappreciateowe caringunderstandingawareEx 1: Complete the following sentences with the exact words you hear.1. The man is a very _ and _ person.2. He also thinks he would be a _.3

14、. He enjoys _ and _, which makes him feel good.4. He enjoys _ and _of everything and everyone around him.sensitive/ caringindependent/ understandinggood friendlifepeoplelearningbeing awareTask 4Listening PracticeEx2. Listen to the passage again and choose the best answers.1. In the mans opinion, it

15、is good to _.A. go through a lot of thingsB. be a bit sensitiveC. cry for people you dont know D. be a bit selfish2. The man doesnt like others to do things for him because_.A. he is not satisfied with what others do for himB. he knows he is not an appreciative personC. he doesnt want to owe others

16、anythingD. he doesnt enjoy help from strangersBC3. The man says he can be a good friend because _.A. he can keep his friends secrets B. he trusts all his friends C. he will tell his friends anything he knowsD. he will help his friends even he is not asked to4. One thing that the man doesnt like to d

17、o is_.A. to be around other peopleB. to hear different opinionsC. to talk to peopleD. to do housework5. We can infer from the passage that the man is_.A. cold B. sociableC. hard-workingD. creativeADB We are always impressed by the personality traits of characters in literary works or movies, since t

18、hese traits are usually “enlarged” in art forms. Watch the following video clip and describe the personality traits of little Jane Eyre .Task 5Listening and SpeakingScore: 15 to 20 You like being with people. You are ambitious and you want to be successful.Score: 9 to 14 You like being with special

19、friends. Youd like a job associated with people, but youd prefer to meet one or two people at a time.Score: 8 and under You like being on your own. Youd prefer a quiet job.Task 6Personality Test ( See page 2 3)Part II In-Class Reading Pre-reading:1) When you arrived at the university, did you find i

20、t hard to talk with your new classmates? If so, explain why.2) Do you feel uncomfortable when other people say nice things to you? For example, how would you feel if a classmate said “ Thats a really nice jacket youre wearing”? Explain your feelings. 3) Do you feel nervous in English class?Structure

21、 Part 1 Introduction ( Para. 1 ): Shyness is the misery of much unhappiness. Part 2 ( Para.23 ):Reasons why shyness can have a negative effect. Part 3 ( Para. 415 ): Ways of overcoming shyness. Part 4 Conclusion ( Para. 16 ): The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to ou

22、r full potential.1. She is an old acquaintance of mine.2. a professor of his acquaintance 他認(rèn)識的一名教授他認(rèn)識的一名教授3. He has some acquaintance with Russian but does not speak it fluently. 他懂一點俄語，但講得不流利。他懂一點俄語，但講得不流利。 acquaint v. 使熟悉使熟悉 acquainted adj. 熟悉的，知曉的熟悉的，知曉的acquaintancen.1. somebody you know, but not

23、 a close friend 相識的人相識的人 2. knowledge obtained through personal experience rather than careful study 認(rèn)識，了解認(rèn)識，了解acquaint v.使熟悉 acquaint oneself/sb with/of 使熟悉，使了解使熟悉，使了解 get acquainted with / make sb. acquainted with 熟悉，了解，相識熟悉，了解，相識I acquainted myself with literature when I was in middle school.My C

24、hinese teacher acquainted me with literature when I was in middle school.Collocationdwell dwell v v. . 1 dwell on / upon : 思考；老是想著，嘮叨思考；老是想著，嘮叨（尤指最好應(yīng)忘記的事）（尤指最好應(yīng)忘記的事）1)樵夫和他的家人居住在森林的中央。樵夫和他的家人居住在森林的中央。The woodsman and his family dwelt in the middle of the forest.2)我心中總有種奇怪的感覺，一切都不對頭。我心中總有種奇怪的感覺，一切都不對頭

25、。 There dwells in me a strange feeling that all is not right. 3)老人常常會嘮叨自己的過去。老人常常會嘮叨自己的過去。Old people tend to dwell upon/on their past.2 dwell in/ at sw: reside, inhabit 棲身，居住棲身，居住eliminateeliminate (L.24), reduce(L.24) & diminish (L.35) eliminate sth.remove/get rid of completelyVt. reduce the number

26、 of diminish sth. sth. diminishesinferiority (n.) (Line 20, Para. 3) the quality of condition of being inferior; lower rank or state 低劣低劣2. 這個設(shè)計圖案不如那個德國公司的。這個設(shè)計圖案不如那個德國公司的。This design _ the one the German company proposed.1. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)難以擺脫一種我發(fā)現(xiàn)難以擺脫一種社會自卑感社會自卑感。I found it difficult to shake off _.a sense of

27、 social inferiorityis inferior toComplete the following sentencesComplete the following sentences。inferior (adj.) ( (常與常與 toto 連用，無比較級、最高連用，無比較級、最高 級形式級形式) )worse than.次的次的；劣等的；較劣的劣等的；較劣的superior (to): better thanHe is superior to other boys in strength and speed.superior superiorityHis sense of sup

28、eriority convinces him that Elizabeth will accept his proposal.sense of superiorityhave something at heart: be deeply concerned about對對表示深切關(guān)心表示深切關(guān)心含有含有heartheart的其他短語還有：的其他短語還有：at heart內(nèi)心里，本質(zhì)上內(nèi)心里，本質(zhì)上break sbs heart使難過，使心碎使難過，使心碎by heart單憑記憶，能背誦單憑記憶，能背誦 from the bottom of ones heart真誠的，從內(nèi)心深處真誠的，從內(nèi)心深處

29、give your heart to sb傾心，愛上某人傾心，愛上某人have a heart of gold/stone有金子般的心有金子般的心/ /鐵石心腸鐵石心腸heart and soul滿腔熱忱，全心全意滿腔熱忱，全心全意 a lot of (lots of) plenty of a (large / great) number of a great / good many quite a few 相當(dāng)多相當(dāng)多 many a much（用于否定及疑問句）（用于否定及疑問句） a great / good deal of a large amount /quantity ofcount

30、able & uncountable n. a great/good manynthink of/describe hima herontreat/ regard him your friendnactthe leadernthe box servesa tablenlook on himan honest mannuse the sticka toolnintroduce herour teachern label him a coward/inferiorAs (L.2): having the function or characteristic of1. All kinds of pe

31、ople describe themselves as shy (L 2):TranslationTranslation各種各樣的人都說他們羞怯。各種各樣的人都說他們羞怯。 .that is (to say)/in other words /i.e. /or , .that is,2. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that isthat is, they are excessively concerned with their own appearance and actions. (L.3)TranslationTranslation

32、羞怯的人會焦慮不安，感到不自然；也就是說，他們羞怯的人會焦慮不安，感到不自然；也就是說，他們過分關(guān)注自己的外表和舉止。過分關(guān)注自己的外表和舉止。3. It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people adversely (L7). TranslationTranslation很顯然這種不安的感覺會對人產(chǎn)生不利的影響。很顯然這種不安的感覺會對人產(chǎn)生不利的影響。Exercise1. 1. 他他一定一定是病了。他臉色蒼白。是病了。他臉色蒼白。He must be ill. He looks so pale.2. 2.

33、時間一定很晚了，街上已空無一人。時間一定很晚了，街上已空無一人。It must be late as the streets are deserted.3. 3. 我們吃點東西吧。你一定餓了。我們吃點東西吧。你一定餓了。Lets have something to eat. You must be starving. In contrast On the contrary On the other hand However . In contrast/on the contrary/on the other hand/ however, 4. In contrast, shy people,

34、having low self-esteem, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others.TranslationTranslation相比之下，羞怯的人自尊心較弱，往往消極被動并且容易受相比之下，羞怯的人自尊心較弱，往往消極被動并且容易受他人影響。他人影響。 in contrast/ by contrast (P27,L6)E.g.: Their old house was small and dark; by contrast, this new one was spacious and bright. in contr

35、ast with / to by contrast with E.g.: In contrast to the city life, time seemed to pass slowly in the country. in sharp/ complete/ marked contrast with / to與與形成鮮明對比的是形成鮮明對比的是+ n. reassurance ( L. 18): n. 安慰，保證安慰，保證 reassurereassuranceassure sb. of sth./that1. He assured us of his ability to solve the

36、 problem.2. Investigations assured us of the soundness of this plan.3. I can assure you that the medicine is perfectly safe. assure5. They need reassurance that they are doing “the right thing”（L19）.TranslationTranslation他們是否在做他們是否在做“該做的事情該做的事情”需要得到別人的肯定。需要得到別人的肯定。Fill in the blanks with assureassur

37、e, insureinsure and ensureensure.1. All the necessary steps has been taken to _ their safety.2. His father should _ his life for the sake of his wife and children.3. I _ you that it is not worthwhile to take the exam.4. His wife _ that he took all his pills every day.assure v. cause sb. to feel cert

38、ain about sth usually with words 向向保證，使確信保證，使確信insure v. 給給上保險上保險ensure v. make sure or guarantee 保證，擔(dān)保保證，擔(dān)保,，確保，確保ensureinsureassureensuredCompare confirm ， conform, infirm and affirm. confirm: give support or certainty to 證實，肯定，證實，肯定，進(jìn)一步確定進(jìn)一步確定 conform: to obey or be in accordance with established

39、 rules ( to/with) 符合，順從，一致符合，順從，一致 infirm: weak in body or mind, esp. from age adj. 體體弱的，意志薄弱的弱的，意志薄弱的 affirm: to declare positively 斷言，聲明斷言，聲明 6. They feel it confirms their inferiority(L19).TranslationTranslation他們覺得批評正好證實了他們比別人差。他們覺得批評正好證實了他們比別人差。1. You must either to the rules or leave the schoo

40、l. 2. His grandma is now old and .3. She that she was telling the truth. 4. The expression on her face our worst fears. 5. New evidence has the first witness story.conforminfirmaffirmedconfirmedconfirmedFill in the blanks with confirm , conform, infirm and affirm.此句此句 是形式主語。是形式主語。是真正的主語是真正的主語 。引導(dǎo)的句子

41、作后一句子的讓步狀語引導(dǎo)的句子作后一句子的讓步狀語從句。從句。(L 23) 顯然顯然，盡管盡管自我意識是一種健康的品質(zhì)，自我意識是一種健康的品質(zhì)，過分的自我意識過分的自我意識卻卻是不利、有害的。是不利、有害的。TranslationTranslation8 . Peoples expectations of themselves must be realistic (L31). 與expectation相關(guān)詞組有： in expectation of 預(yù)料，預(yù)期預(yù)料，預(yù)期；滿懷信心滿懷信心/ /期望期望的的 against / contrary to (all )expectations; b

42、eyond (all) expectations 出乎意料的，完全沒出乎意料的，完全沒有想到的有想到的 come / live up to expectations 達(dá)到達(dá)到/ /沒有辜負(fù)沒有辜負(fù)期望的期望的 Complete the sentences with the following phrases: in expectation of; against / contrary to( all) expectations; beyond (all) expectations; come / live up to expectations1. 1. 預(yù)計預(yù)計會下雨，她帶了一把傘。會下雨，她

43、帶了一把傘。She took an umbrella with her rain.2. 2. 出乎所有人意料的是出乎所有人意料的是她被大學(xué)錄取了。她被大學(xué)錄取了。_ she was accepted by the academy.3. 3. 出乎我們的意料出乎我們的意料，這個計劃竟然成功了。，這個計劃竟然成功了。The plan has succeeded .4. 4. 通常我們都很喜歡他的電影，但最新的一部卻通常我們都很喜歡他的電影，但最新的一部卻辜負(fù)辜負(fù)了我們的期望了我們的期望。We usually enjoy his films, but the latest one didnt .in

44、 expectation ofContrary to all expectations beyond our expectationslive up to our expectations1. be concerned with / about (L3) be worried about 對關(guān)心，憂慮2. be sensitive to（L20） 對敏感3. inferiority (n.) (L20) & (be) inferior (to) (L30) a sense of inferiority 自卑感 vs. superiority & (be) superior (to)4. be

45、unworthy of (L21) 不值得的 be worthy of 值得的 * be worth +n. Other Useful ExpressionsOther Useful ExpressionsOther Useful ExpressionsOther Useful Expressions5. go hand in hand with (L27) 聯(lián)合，相連6. set a goal (L42) 確定目標(biāo)7. approach to sth. (L52) (解決問題的)方法8. be assured （L58) 安心，放心9. profit from (L.61) = benefi

46、t from 受益10.isolate from (L70) 與隔絕11.circulate (L71) v.; circulation n. 周旋；循環(huán) be in circulation 在流通中，在傳播中Writing Assignment 如何寫問題解決型論說文問題解決型論說文 結(jié)構(gòu)模式 描述情況（問題）分析原因我的建議或看法 須注意的問題 避免出現(xiàn)只分析了問題產(chǎn)生的原因，卻忘了提出解決問題的對策的情況；還要避免錯誤地將分析解決問題的方法理解成為分析問題產(chǎn)生的原因。問題解決型論說文 寫作要領(lǐng)寫作要領(lǐng) 在提出解決問題的方案時，要將方案和前一段中問題產(chǎn)生的原因相呼應(yīng)，這樣整篇作文才會顯得結(jié)

47、構(gòu)緊湊，有理有據(jù)。在列舉數(shù)個原因或?qū)Σ摺⒔ㄗh時，切忌雜亂無章?？梢允褂胒irstly, secondly, furthermore, finally等連接詞來保證整段文章的連貫性和條理性。問題解決型論說文常用句型引出話題的常用句型引出話題的常用句型: :1)1)如今如今已經(jīng)成為我們必須面對的問題。已經(jīng)成為我們必須面對的問題。Nowadays, Nowadays, has become a problem we have to face.has become a problem we have to face. 2)2)現(xiàn)在越來越多的人開始關(guān)注現(xiàn)在越來越多的人開始關(guān)注的問題。的問題。Nowada

48、ys, more and more people are concerned about the Nowadays, more and more people are concerned about the problemproblem 3)3)最近最近的問題已經(jīng)成為人們關(guān)注的焦點。的問題已經(jīng)成為人們關(guān)注的焦點。Recently, the issue/problem/question of Recently, the issue/problem/question of has been has been brought into focus /brought to public attenti

49、on.brought into focus /brought to public attention.4)4)現(xiàn)在越來越多的人開始意識到現(xiàn)在越來越多的人開始意識到的重要性。的重要性。NowadaysNowadays， more and more people come to realize/be more and more people come to realize/be aware of the importance of aware of the importance of 提出解決方案的常用句式提出解決方案的常用句式:1)1)解決這個問題的第一個關(guān)鍵是解決這個問題的第一個關(guān)鍵是另一個關(guān)

50、鍵是另一個關(guān)鍵是The first key factor to solve this problem is Another key factor is 2)2)我們可以想出很多辦法來緩解目前的危機(jī)。我們可以想出很多辦法來緩解目前的危機(jī)。We can figure out many ways to relieve the present crisis. 3)3)那么，如何來解決這個問題呢？這里有些建議可能會有點幫那么，如何來解決這個問題呢？這里有些建議可能會有點幫助。助。Then, how should we solve this problem? Here are some suggestio

51、ns, which may be of some help.4)4)面對面對，我們應(yīng)該采取一系列的措施來應(yīng)對目前的形勢。，我們應(yīng)該采取一系列的措施來應(yīng)對目前的形勢。Faced with, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the present situation.5)5)并沒有很容易的方法來解決這個問題，并沒有很容易的方法來解決這個問題，有可能會有幫助有可能會有幫助的。的。There is no easy/immediate solution/approach to the issue of , but mi

52、ght be beneficial/helpful. Directions: Write an article entitled “Problems of Piracy”. Your writing must cover the following three points: 1.1.盜版現(xiàn)象日益嚴(yán)重盜版現(xiàn)象日益嚴(yán)重2.2.盜版造成的不良后果盜版造成的不良后果3.3.我對抵制盜版蔓延的看法我對抵制盜版蔓延的看法Writing PracticeSampleNowadays, the problem of piracy has become more serious than before. We

53、 can see pirated editions of the popular books, software, VCDs and DVDs etc. everywhere on the market. Piracy caused many harms to society and individuals. Generally, the harms can be listed as follows. First, piracy producers and businessmen profit a lot and hurt the interests of the copyright holders seriously. Besides, they also damage the consumers interests, for the pirated products are usually in poor quality. Worst of all, the problem of piracy has brought about to a credit crisis. Sometimes, we are worried to be taken in, even if we buy t