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1、 一 動(dòng)詞不定動(dòng)詞不定式式動(dòng)詞不定式也叫非謂語動(dòng)詞,可以作動(dòng)詞不定式也叫非謂語動(dòng)詞,可以作主語、表語、賓語、賓補(bǔ)、狀語。不主語、表語、賓語、賓補(bǔ)、狀語。不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化。定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化。動(dòng)詞不定式:基本構(gòu)成:動(dòng)詞不定式:基本構(gòu)成:to + v.否定形式:否定形式:not + to + v.被動(dòng)形式:被動(dòng)形式:to + be done疑問動(dòng)詞不定式:疑問動(dòng)詞不定式:疑問詞疑問詞+ to +v.復(fù)合動(dòng)詞不定式:復(fù)合動(dòng)詞不定式:of/ for sb .to +v.動(dòng)詞不定式的作用:動(dòng)詞不定式的作用:1.作主語:作主語: To learn English well is importa
2、nt. =It is important to learn English well .2. 作表語:作表語:My job is to teach English. Our duty is to study. My hobby is to read books.3.作賓語作賓語:I decided to help him with his study.用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有:用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有:want, hope, wish, expect, like,dislike, love, hate, ask, learn , fail, plan, refuse, offer, aff
3、ord, agree, happen, decide, promise, help, pretend, need, try, begin, start, forget, remember, continue + to +do.4.作賓語補(bǔ)足語(賓補(bǔ))作賓語補(bǔ)足語(賓補(bǔ)):I want you to help me.用不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有用不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:want, wish, expect, like, love, ask, tell, order, invite, teach, get, allow, advise, +encourage, warn, +sb. +to do.作賓補(bǔ)省
4、略作賓補(bǔ)省略”to” 的動(dòng)詞有:的動(dòng)詞有: 一感:一感:feel. 二聽:二聽:listen to, hear, + sb+ do sth. 三讓:三讓:let, make, have.四看:四看:look at, see, watch, notice, (observe觀察)觀察)sb. do sth.五半幫助:五半幫助:help sb. (to) do sth.理解不定式作賓補(bǔ)和理解不定式作賓補(bǔ)和 現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別做賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別 過去分詞過去分詞做賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別做賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別5.作目的狀語:作目的狀語:I come to see you. I will go to the librar
5、y to borrow books.6.作定語:作定語:I have much work to do.7.有些形容詞跟不定式:有些形容詞跟不定式:glad, happy, sorry, sad, afraid, pleased, surprised +to +do sth.注意事項(xiàng):注意事項(xiàng):1*兩個(gè)不定式并列,第二個(gè)不定式的兩個(gè)不定式并列,第二個(gè)不定式的to可省略。可省略。 2*省略省略to的不定式變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的不定式變被動(dòng)語態(tài)須加上須加上to. 3*為避免重復(fù),不定式為避免重復(fù),不定式動(dòng)詞原形可省略動(dòng)詞原形可省略,但但to不能省不能省。Would you like to come to my
6、 house? Yes, Id love to.4*It is adj. of/ for sb. to do sth.用用of還是用還是用for由由 adj.決定。決定。 adj.如果是描述人的性格品質(zhì)的用如果是描述人的性格品質(zhì)的用of. kind, brave, honest, friendly, lazy, wise, clever, polite, careful, foolish. adj.如果是描述做什么事情的用如果是描述做什么事情的用for. easy, hard, important, necessary等。等。 有些有些 形容詞可以用形容詞可以用of也可用也可用for.如:如:
7、right, wrong.Do EXX.1. It is very kind _ you to help me.2. It is important _us to learn English well.3. You are kind _ me.offorto4.He is friendly _ us.5.It is easy _ me to carry the heavy bag.6.It is shy _her to speak in front of class.totoforforofof有些動(dòng)詞可以接兩個(gè)賓語,即指有些動(dòng)詞可以接兩個(gè)賓語,即指人的間人的間接賓語和指物的直接賓語接賓語和指
8、物的直接賓語,這兩個(gè)賓語,這兩個(gè)賓語稱為稱為“雙賓語雙賓語”。結(jié)構(gòu)為。結(jié)構(gòu)為“及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞+間賓間賓+直賓直賓”。有時(shí)還可用。有時(shí)還可用“及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞+直賓直賓+to/for+間賓間賓” 結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)。結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)。I passed him a bottle of apple juice.=I passed a bottle of apple juice to him.我遞給他一瓶蘋果汁。我遞給他一瓶蘋果汁。后接介詞后接介詞to 的動(dòng)詞有的動(dòng)詞有:give, show, pass, lend, take, tell 等;等;后接介詞后接介詞for的動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞有有:buy, make, co
9、ok, get, sing, read等。等。一般來講,一般來講,for表示表示“為某人為某人”,而,而to表表示示“給某人給某人”,即表示某人接受或收到了,即表示某人接受或收到了某某物。如:物。如:give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb.lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb.offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sth.hand sb. sth. = hand sth. to sb.send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb.show
10、sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.leave sb. sth. = leave sth. to sb.teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb.buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb.read sb. sth. = read sth. for sb.make sb. sth.=make sth. for sb.課堂小測驗(yàn)課堂小測驗(yàn)Individual Individual activityactivity1. The story took place in th
11、e winter. (就劃線部分提問)就劃線部分提問) _ _ the story _ place?2. The audience clapped for ten minutes.(就劃線部分提問)就劃線部分提問) _ _ _ the audience _?3. He thinks his parents will agree. (改為否定句)改為否定句) He _ think his parents _ agree.When did takeHow longdid clap doesnt will 4. He needs to go home now. (改為一般疑問句)改為一般疑問句) _
12、 he _ to go home now?5. Well come back in a few weeks. (就劃線部分提問)就劃線部分提問) _ _ _ you come back?Does need How soon will 1. It is important for modern young people _ (learn) at least two foreign languages.2. The most important thing for ones health is _ (have) plenty of exercise.3. Ted decided _ (work)
13、hard and wanted _ (go) to Beijing University. 4. We found it impossible _ (get) everything ready in time.5. Sue really doesnt know which book _ (choose).III. 用括號內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用括號內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。to learnto haveto workto getto chooseto go6. Mother saved every cent _ (pay) for my schooling.7. Tom asked you
14、 _ (not call) him until ten oclock.8. I dont think Roger is the best one _ (do) the work.9. Why not _ (walk) to school with me every day?10. My host family made me _ (feel) being at home.to paynot to callto do walkfeel1. Sally will lend Allan a magazine to read. Sally will lend a magazine _ _ to rea
15、d.2. Jackie returned the bike to me yesterday. Jackie returned _ _ _ yesterday.3. Get me a chair, will you? Get a chair _ _, will you?4. Henrys pen friend sent him an email. Henrys pen friend sent an email _ _. 5. Please sing us a folk song. Please sing a folk song _ _. IV. 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。to Allanme th
16、e bikefor meto himfor us1. Kent was angry because we didnt _ with (同意同意) him.2. Wendy _ _ (提議提議) help Linda with her maths yesterday.3. Teachers often _ their students _(把(把看作)看作)their own children.4. Lily _ _ _ (向向告別告別) her parents, and then she went to school.VI. 根據(jù)所給漢語提示完成句子。根據(jù)所給漢語提示完成句子。agreeoffered to see assaid goodbye to5. The story _ _ (發(fā)生發(fā)生) in America several years ago. 6. After many months
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