英語寫作連接詞

1、transitions and connective phrases（過渡詞及連接短語）conjunctions（連接詞）andbutorfornorneithersoyet to introduce a topic（引出主題）as forconcerningwith regard towith respect to to summarize（總結(jié)）in allin a wordin briefbrieflyin other wordsin shortin summarythat isto show purpose（顯示目的）in order thatin order toso thatto

2、show cause and effect（表達(dá)因果關(guān)系）accordinglyas a consequenceas a resultconsequentlyfor this reasonhenceit follows thatso/so thatthenthereforethusto compare（比較）by comparisonhere againin the same wayin a similar mannerlikewisesimilarlyso tooasalsoequallyto contrast（對比）converselyhoweverinsteadin spite of t

3、hatanyhowon the contraryon the other handotherwiserather thanstillyetto explain, give reasons（作解釋）actuallyadmittedlybecausecertainlyfor examplein factindeedreallyof coursesincethat isto add information and reasons（補充）add to thisagainalsobesidesequallyfurtherfurthermorein additionmoreoveronce morethe

4、n tootooyet againyet another to show various conditions（表達(dá)不同的條件）in this eventin these circumstancesunder such circumstancesthis (that) being soprovided thatin spite ofnone/neverthelessat the same timeeven ififunlessotherwisealthougheven thoughthoughdespiteto show conviction（表達(dá)肯定性）after allat leastat

5、 the same timeapparentlyeven soevidentlycertainlyconceivablyconclusivelydoubtlessno doubtperhapspossiblypresumablyprobablysurelyundoubtedlyto show concession（表達(dá)讓步）admittedlyafter allall the sameat any rategrantedhoweverin any casein spite ofit is true thatneverthelessobviouslyof coursestillto be sur

6、eto show chronological order（時間法）after thatafterwardslatershortlysubsequentlyconcurrentlyin the meantimein the meanwhilenowsimultaneouslywhen/while/wasfirst, second, etc.formerlyearlierpreviouslybefore thatthenalreadyat lastat lengthby that timefinallyto list or show logical order（舉例或表示邏輯次序）for exam

7、plefor instancein particularto illustratethe one . the otherthis . thatthese . thosehere . thereeither . orneither . norwhether . orthough . yetwherever . theresince . thenthe more . the morenot only . but also4）過渡句/段的運用：有時，段落與段落之間還可通過整個句子甚至段落來銜接，達(dá)到承上啟下的目的。語氣轉(zhuǎn)承詞語氣轉(zhuǎn)承詞是連系意念的字，有助于增加文章的連貫性。轉(zhuǎn)承詞以兩種重要的方式來增

8、加連貫性；首先，轉(zhuǎn)承詞有助于該段文字自身間的連貫性，這時轉(zhuǎn)承詞安置于句間，以使前一句與次一句的語意流暢。其次，轉(zhuǎn)承詞有助于段落間的連系，置于段首的轉(zhuǎn)承詞，將前段所討論的意念順暢地過場到次一段，做進(jìn)一步的申論。以下，就轉(zhuǎn)承詞的功能區(qū)分為十二種。學(xué)習(xí)者應(yīng)記住不同轉(zhuǎn)承詞的功能，并就各大項中重要者熟背幾個，將來段落寫作時就可派上用場，以增加文章之流暢，以下是十二種轉(zhuǎn)承詞，分別用來表示：一、解釋( to explain )1. now現(xiàn)在；那么（表示轉(zhuǎn)變話題、要求、安慰、警告、解釋、驚異等，通常置于句首并加逗點） 2. in addition而且；此外 3. in this case在這種情況下 4.

9、in fact其實；實際上 5. for this reason因為這個緣故例句：1.now, follow the directions carefully.2.in addition, there are two museums in the city.3.the problem, in this case, is hard to solve.二、強(qiáng)調(diào)( to emphasize )1. certainly確實地 2. indeed確實地 3. surely確實地 4. above all尤其；最重要者 5. most important ( of all )最重要的是例句：1.certa

10、inly the vacation was fun.2.indeed, no man is an island.諺語：人不能離群索居。3.above all, avoid swimming alone in strange waters.(陌生的水域)三、舉例( to illustrate )1. for example例如 2. for instance例如 3. thus就這樣 4. next其次；然后 5. namely那就是 6. that is那就是 7. in other words換言之 8. that is to say換言之；那就是說 9. in particular尤其；特

11、別 10. particularly尤其 11. especially特別地；主要地例句：1.a good speech, for example, should be as short as a skirt.2.for instance, light travels faster than sound.3.next, think of the courses you want to take.四、增加或附屬( to add )1. in addition而且；此外 2. furthermore而且；更有甚者 3. also也；而且 4. moreover而且；更有甚者 5. again而且

12、6. and而且 7. besides而且 8. in addition to除之外 9. whats more而且例句：1.in addition, the tour stops in tokyo.2.furthermore, he is too old to do that.3.also, she asked for some money.五、比較( to compare )尤其是相同性質(zhì)的比較1. like像 2. likewise同樣地 3. in the same way同樣地 4. similarly同樣地 5. too也 6.equally important同樣重要地例句：1.

13、like peter, tom is a good swimmer.2.in the same way, we look for a good doctor.3.the car uses less fuel. equally important, the car drives ninety miles per hour.六、對比關(guān)系或相反的意思( to contrast )1. unlike不像 2. in contrast相反地 3. on the other hand另一方面 4. for another thing另一方面 5. on the contrary相反地 6. instead

14、代替；更換；反而 7. but然而；但是 8. instead of代替；不而 9. nevertheless然而 10. however然而 11. still然而 12. yet然而 13. after all畢竟 14. in spite of雖然 15. despite雖然例句：1.unlike tom, john is brave.2.in contrast, they took to the streets.相反地，他們走上街頭。3.instead, the new law caused many problems.七、讓步( to concede )1. although雖然 2

15、. nevertheless然而 3. of course當(dāng)然 4. clearly確實地 5. naturally自然地 6. perhaps或許例句：1.although she ran after the train, it left without her.2.he planned, nevertheless, to ask for our help.3.clearly, a garden needs a lot of care.八、結(jié)果( to state a consequence )1. therefore 2. consequently 3. as a result 4. th

16、us 5. accordingly 6. hence以上皆表因此，所以，結(jié)果 7. so所以；因此例句：1.they hoped, therefore, to be respected.2.consequently, we opened an account at the bank.3.accordingly, she gave up her original plan.九、綜合；總結(jié)( to sum up )1. to sum up 2. to summarize 3. to conclude 4. in sum ( in summary )5. in conclusion以上皆表總之 6.

17、 in brief 7. in short 8. in a word 9. to be short 10. in a nutshell以上皆表簡言之 11. by and large一般來說 12. finally最后 13. in general一般而言 14. on the whole整個來說 15. generally speaking大體而言；一般而論例句：1.to conclude, chinese new year is the most important holiday.2.in summary, recreation is a big business.3.i will te

18、ll it in a nutshell.十、時間關(guān)系( to state sequence of time )1. after a long time ( after a short time )過了很久，過了不久 2. after a long absence過了很久 3. presently目前 4. meanwhile同時 5. after a while一陣子之后 6. once曾經(jīng)；一度 7. since then自從那時起 8. at the same time同時 9. temporarily暫時地 10. later稍晚 11. afterward后來 12. thereaft

19、er其后 13. lately最近；近來 14. sooner or later早晚例句：1.they met after a long absence.2.meanwhile, they were at war with their enemy.3.thereafter, they never met again.十一、順序、列舉或思想的延續(xù)( to state order )1. first首先 2. in this manner ( in this way )就這樣 3. first of all首先 4. in the same way同樣地 5. second其次 6. third第

20、三 7. in the first place首先 8. then然后 9. next下一個 10. again再次 11. finally最后；終于 12. eventually終于 13. by the way順便一提 14. incidentally附帶地；順便一提例句：1.first of all, jogging makes the heart stronger.2.eventually, they came to an agreement.3.incidentally, medical supplies will be sent here next monday.十二、方向( to

21、 state directions )1. below在下面 2. next to在的旁邊 3. beyond超越；越過 4. on the ( my, your, etc. ) right在右邊 5. further更遠(yuǎn)處 6. on the left在左邊 7. here這里 8. nearby在附近 9. opposite to在對面例句：1.next to the national cemetery, there was an old church.2.on my right lies the beautiful river.3.opposite to their building,

22、there was an elm tree.起、承、轉(zhuǎn)、合用語精選英文作文之起、承、轉(zhuǎn)、合用語是幫助同學(xué)使文章之前后語氣連貫、表意流暢，從而使全文看起來肌理分明、組織結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，以便在作文寫作上拿到更好的分?jǐn)?shù)。但以下所列者，同學(xué)要想在短時間內(nèi)速成，不妨在起、承、轉(zhuǎn)、合用語中各選六、七個用法不同者熟背之，并試著在自己平常的作文中運用出來，使熟能生巧，才能令你的作文如虎添翼。當(dāng)然，同學(xué)不應(yīng)該忘記，這些用詞只是套語，真正重要的還是文章內(nèi)容，所以平常多讀、多寫，豐富自己的意念與想象力，才是作文拿高分的最佳途徑。（起）1.as a rule, s + v.一般而言，2.as far as i know,

23、s + v.據(jù)我所知，3.as the saying goes, s + v.常言道，4.everybody knows that + s + v.眾所周知，5.frankly speaking, s + v.坦白地說，6.generally speaking, s + v.一般而言，7.im of the opinion that + s + v.依我之見，8.i am greatly convinced that + s + v.我深信，9.in dealing with., one cannot but admit that s + v.在討論，一個人不得不承認(rèn)10.in general

24、, s + v.一般而言，11.in my opinion, s + v.依我之見，12.it can be easily proved that s + v.是容易證明的13.it goes without saying that s + v.不消說，14.it is out of the question to v是不可能的15.its quite obvious that s + v.不消說，16.it is said ( reported據(jù)報導(dǎo), known一般皆知, estimated據(jù)估計, believed一般相信, expected一般預(yù)料 ) that.據(jù)說17.it is

25、important ( necessary必要的, urgent緊急的, proper適當(dāng)?shù)?) that s (should) + v（是）重要的18.its true that + s + v.事實是19.lucky to say, s + v.說來幸運，20.needless to say, s + v.不消說，21.no one can deny that + s + v.沒有人可以否認(rèn)22.nothing in the world can delight me so much as .世界上沒有什么比更令我高興23.of all the people i know, perhaps

26、none deserves my respect more than.在我所認(rèn)識的人當(dāng)中，也許沒有一個人比更值得我尊敬24.on the average, s + v.一般而言，25.regretful to say, s + v.說來遺憾，26.sad to say, s + v.說來可悲，27.strange to say, s + v.說來奇怪，28.strictly speaking, s + v.嚴(yán)格地說，29.there is no doubt that s + v.毫無疑問，30.there is no v-ing.是不可能的31.to tell the truth, s + v

27、.老實說，32.to the best of my knowledge, s + v.據(jù)我所知，（承）1.according to + n , s + v.根據(jù)，2.as a matter of fact, s + v.實際上，3.as far as im concerned, s + v.就我而論，4.as good ( ill ) luck would have it, s + v.幸運地（不幸地）5.as is often the case with + o, s + v.對是常有的事6.besides, we should not neglect that s + v.此外，我們不應(yīng)忽

28、略7.but the problem is not so simple. therefore, .但是問題不是如此單純。所以8.but it is a pity that s + v.但是遺憾的是9.compared with + n, s + v.較之，10.even if ( though ) + s1 + v1, s2 + v2.即使，11.first of all, s + v.首先，12.for all + n, s + v.雖然，13.for example, s + v.例如，14.for instance, s + v.例如，15.for one thing, s + v.一則

29、，16.for the other, s + v.另一方面，17.for this reason, s + v.因為這個緣故，18.i take it for granted that s + v.我認(rèn)為是理所當(dāng)然的19.if we take . into account ( consideration ), we + v.如果我們考慮到，我們20.in accordance with + n, s + v.根據(jù)，21.in addition, we should + v.此外，我們必須22.in all likelihood, s + v.十之八九，23.in comparison with

30、 + n, s + v.和比較，24.in fact ( reality, truth ), s + v.事實上，25.in nine cases out of ten, s + v.十之八九，26.in other words, s + v.換句話說，27.in relation ( respect, regard, reference ) to + n, s + v.關(guān)于，28.in spite of + n, s + v.雖然，29.in the beginning, s + v.首先，30.in the first place, s + v.首先， 31.it is not too m

31、uch to say that s + v.說起來并不過份32.no matter wh- + s1 + v1, s2 + v2.無論，33.to begin with, s + v.首先，34.to change another words, s + v.換句話說，35.to cite an old saying, s + v.套句古人說的話，36.to ones astonishment, s + v.令某人吃驚地，37.to ones delight, s + v.令某人高興地， 38.to ones disappointment, s + v.令某人失望地 ，39.to ones ex

32、citement, s + v.令某人興奮地， 40.to ones joy, s + v.令某人高興地， 41.to ones regret, s + v.令某人后悔地， 42.to ones surprise, s + v.令某人吃驚地， 43.to start with, s + v.首先， 44.to take.for example, s + v.舉為例，45.we have enough reasons to v我們有足夠的理由 46.what i must emphasize is .我必須強(qiáng)調(diào)的是47.whats more, s + v.此外 ，48.what seems to

33、 be the problem is that s + v.問題似乎是（轉(zhuǎn)）1.by contrast, if., it will certainly be the fact that s + v.相反地，假如，那一定2.but for + n, s + v（假設(shè)法過去式或過去完成式）.若非，3.from now on, s + v.從現(xiàn)在起4.hardly had + s1 + v1(p.p.) when ( before ) + s2 + v2.一就5.have you ever + v (p.p.).?你曾經(jīng)嗎？6.if by any chance s1 + v1, s2 + v2.萬一

34、，7.if only + s + v.!但愿！8.in other words, s + v.換句話說，9.in the meantime, s + v.同時，10.in the similar way, s + v.同樣地，11.in this manner, s + v.如此一來，12.in this light if., there can surely be no doubt that s + v.有鑒于于此，假如，確實無疑地13.indeen, s1 + v1, but s2 + v2.沒錯，但是14.its 強(qiáng)調(diào)的人、事、物、地、時 + that s + v.正是15.its hi

35、gh ( about ) time for + o + to v.該是的時候了16.its high ( about ) time that + s + should v.該是的時候了17.it stands to reason that s + v.是理所當(dāng)然的18.no doubt, s1 + v1, but s2 + v2.沒錯，但是19.now that s1 + v1, s2 + v2.既然，20.on the contrary, s + v.相反地，21.on the one hand, s + v.一方面，22.on the other hand, s + v.另一方面，23.o

36、n ( upon ) v-ing, s + v.一就24.owing to + n, s + v.由于，25.the chief reason why + s + v + is.主要的原因是26.to do one justice, s + v.公平而論，27.to make matters worse, s + v.更糟的是，28.to put it differently, s + v.換句話說， 29.to tell the truth, s + v.老實說， 30.undoubtedly ( absolutely ) s + v.毫無疑問地，31.we must recognize that s + v.我們必須承認(rèn) 32.we cannot be too +我們愈愈好 33.we cannot + v + too +我們愈愈好34.we cannot over-v我們愈愈好35.