深圳新版英語八年級下復(fù)習(xí)(Unit1-4)

1、Unit1 Helping those in need需要幫助的in need無法做某事be unable to do sth 義務(wù)性工作voluntary work 上學(xué)attend school 報(bào)請批準(zhǔn)ask permission 第一個(gè)the very first 受.之苦，患.病suffer from 主動提出做某事offer to do sth.使振奮；使鼓起勇氣raise ones spirits 數(shù)以百計(jì)的millions of 目的在于；為了in order to 給某人做.的許可give sb. Permission to do sth幫助某人give sb. a hand

2、為某人支付.pay for sb.to do sth.籌集善款raise money 希望做wish to do 用某物做某事use sth. for doing sth 從事.的工作work as 繼續(xù)做某事continue to do sth.聯(lián)合國the United Nations 做某事有困難have difficulty (in) doing sth表達(dá)感情express ones feelings情緒高漲be in high spirits 相反的意思the opposite meaning 身體狀況良好/較差in good / bad health 總額total amount

3、年齡從.歲到.歲aged from.to.在住院be in hospital Unit2 Body language一個(gè)衣著入時(shí)女士a well-dressed lady 提醒某人.remind sb that 在旅行公司里at a travel company 使某人想起remind sb of sth一份兼職工作a part-time job 提醒某人做某事remind sb to do sth 得到做某事的機(jī)會get a chance to do 代替instead of =replace 高興地向.打招呼give sb a cheerful greeting 發(fā)生take place

4、=happen 給某人一個(gè)好印象make a good impression on sb坐起來；坐直sit up 抬著頭hold ones head on 某人臉上的表情the expression on ones face 將頭轉(zhuǎn)向某人turn ones head towards sb.一會兒后minutes later 感受歡迎feel welcome 決定做某事decide to do sth Unit3 Traditional skills 用.去做某事use.to do =use.for doing 把燈懸掛在燈柱上hang a light on a post 超過more than

5、 在.的前半部分at/in front of 擅長于做某事be good at =do well in 把.帶(回)來bring.(.back) to 潛下水dive down 把.扔進(jìn)o 多達(dá)兩分鐘for up to two minutes 練習(xí)做某事practice doing sth 出發(fā)；動身set off 坐船回家sail back home 在傍晚時(shí)分in the late afternoon 長地更強(qiáng)壯grow stronger 準(zhǔn)備好了.be ready for sth 上映一場好戲put on a play 不再no more =not.any more 由

6、.制成be made of 把.套在.上tie.to./ tie.around.靠近c(diǎn)lose to 上上下下up and down 不如;與.不一樣not as.as 天黑之后after dark 認(rèn)真工作work hard Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips 連環(huán)漫畫comic strip 在困境中in trouble 照鏡子look at oneself in the mirror 使某人行陷入麻煩get sb into trouble 張大；睜大pop out 嘲笑laugh at 把.放在一起put together 總計(jì)；合計(jì)in total 把.添加

7、到.add.to.裝滿be full of =be filled with 音響效果sound effect 20世紀(jì)30年代后期in the late 1930s決定；選定decide on 大量的s number of 在地鐵站at the underground station .的數(shù)量the number of 考慮think about 得獎win awards 攝像機(jī)video camera 為.工作work for 一個(gè)和善的女孩a pleasant girl 與.不同be different from 看上去像look like 為某人配音do ones voice =do t

8、he voice of語法復(fù)習(xí)：不定式：1.不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定 否定 2.只能跟不定式做賓語的動詞：choose,hope,offer,want,decide,learn,plan,wish,afford，agree，aim，appear，ask，believe，demand，determine，expect，fail，happen,intend，learn，long，manage，pretend，promise，prepare，refuse.巧記：三個(gè)希望兩答應(yīng)（hope,wish,want,agree,promise);一個(gè)要求莫拒絕（demand,refuse)設(shè)法學(xué)會做決定（manag

9、e,learn,decide);不要假裝在選擇（pretend,choose)3.省略to的不定式:使役動詞: 感官動詞： 4. decide/know/learn/remember+疑問詞+todo5. 動詞+賓語+todo即賓語補(bǔ)足語。Teachsbtodosthasksbtodosth注：有以上結(jié)構(gòu)的常用動詞有tell.wish,ask,want，like,beg(請求),invite（邀請）,warn（警告，提醒）,allow,encourage,advise等。6. 不定式做賓語和主語做主語的常用句型：Itbeadj.(for/ofsb)todoItisimportanttolear

10、nEnglishwell.Itisimportantforus (learn)Englishwell.Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodoIttakesmehalfanhourtowalktoschooleveryday.7.作賓語：it做形式賓語：當(dāng)不定式做賓語且后面還帶有補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，通常用it做形式賓語，把不定式放在賓語補(bǔ)足后面。Ifounditdifficult (find)ajobinthecity.MarxfounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia.動名詞：動名詞是非限定動詞的一種形式，由動詞原形+ing構(gòu)成。它既有動詞的特

11、征，又有名詞的特征,在句中可以有自己的賓語和狀語,可作主語、賓語、表語。動詞ing形式：直接加ing(going,being,seeing);以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動詞，須去掉e再加ing(comingwritingtaking);動詞是閉音節(jié)的單音節(jié)詞，重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的多音節(jié)，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音時(shí)，輔音字母須雙寫，然后加ing(sittingbeginningrunningstopping)少數(shù)幾個(gè)以ie結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)動詞，須變i為y，再加ing(dying（die）tying（tie）lying（lie）)同步訓(xùn)練:find , become , forget , lie .動名詞的用法：1.動名

12、詞作主語動名詞用法之一是可在句中作主語，與不定式作主語一樣也可用it作形式主語，如 ：LearningChineseisnotaneasything學(xué)中文不是一件容易的事。Seeingisbelieving.眼見為實(shí)。Itisnousetalkingwithoutdoing. 光說不做沒有用。同步訓(xùn)練：用正確形式填空 (fight) brokeoutbetweentheSouthandtheNorth.南方與北方開戰(zhàn)了。 (paint)ishishobby. 繪畫是他的愛好。典型例題：WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset？ hernewbicycle. A. Asshel

13、ostB. LostC. LosingD. Becauseoflosing2.動名詞作賓語動詞后加動名詞doing作賓語V.+doingsthadmit承認(rèn)；appreciate感激，贊賞；avoid避免；complete完成；consider認(rèn)為；delay耽誤；deny否認(rèn)；detest討厭；endure忍受；enjoy喜歡；escape逃脫；prevent阻止；fancy想象；finish完成；imagine想象；mind介意；miss想念；postpone推遲；practice訓(xùn)練；recall回憶；resent討厭；resist抵抗；resume繼續(xù)；risk冒險(xiǎn)；suggest建議

14、；face面對；keep繼續(xù)；include包括；stand忍受；understand理想；forgive寬恕.如 ：Wouldyoumindturningdownyourradioalittle,please?請問你介意把收音機(jī)音量調(diào)小一點(diǎn)嗎？Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissedbeingcaught.松鼠剛幸運(yùn)地躲過了捕捉。同步訓(xùn)練1. Icantimagine_thatwiththem. A. doB. todoC. beingdoneD. doing2. Shelooksforwardeveryspringto_theflower-linedgarde

15、n. A. visitB. payingavisitC. walkinD. walkingin在allow，advise，forbid，permit后直接跟動名詞作賓語，如果有名詞或代詞作賓語，則構(gòu)成“allow/advise/forbid/permit名詞/代詞不定式（賓語補(bǔ)足語）”之形式。如 ：Wedontallowsmokinghere. Wedontallowanybodytosmokehere. 動詞need，require，want意為“需要”時(shí)，后跟動名詞的主動式或不定式的被動式作賓語，意義沒有區(qū)別。如：Thewindowneedsrequireswantscleaningtob

16、ecleaned. 在begin，continue，love，like，hate，prefer，intend，start后用動名詞和用不定式作賓語均可，意義沒有多大區(qū)別。注意：動詞forget，goon，mean，regret，remember，stop，try，beusedto，canthelp后跟動名詞和跟不定式區(qū)別較大。同步訓(xùn)練：1.Letshavearest. Notnow. Idontwanttostop_yet. A. studyB. tostudyC. forstudyingD. studying2. Letmetellyousomethingaboutthejournalist

17、s. Dontyouremember_methestoryyesterday？A. toldB. tellingC. totellD. tohavetold知識拓展：admitto；prefer.to；beusedto；leadto；be busy；lookforwardto，pay attention to（to 為介詞）nogood；nouse；Itsworth.；aswellas；canthelpItsnouse/good+doing sth3.動名詞作表語如：Thebestexerciseforyourhealthisswimming.Hisonlyhobbywassleeping.M

18、yjobisteachingEnglish.同步訓(xùn)練：Herjob is (take)careofthechildren.知識精練：1. tookalongtime.建長城花了很長的時(shí)間.（動名詞作主語）2. (walk)and (cycle)inGuilinisalsogreatfun.在桂林步行和騎自行車也很有樂趣.（動名詞作主語）3.ThePeakinHongKongisagreatplacefor (walk).香港的太平山頂是散步的好地方.（作賓語）4.Mymotherenjoys (go)tothemovies.我媽媽喜歡看電影.（作賓語）5.Hehasntfinished (re

19、ad)theinterestingbook.他還沒有讀完那本有趣的書.(作賓語)鞏固訓(xùn)練：1. 早睡早起對我們的身體有益Goingtobedearlyand earlyisgoodforourhealth.2.在太陽底下看書對我們的眼睛有害. inthesunisbadforoureyes.3.工人們準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成”鳥巢”的建造.Theworkersfinished (build)theBirdsnestontime.4.大多數(shù)中國人喜歡觀看2008年奧運(yùn)會.MostChinesepeopleenjoy (watch)the2008Olympicgames.5.郵票是用來寄信的Stampsareus

20、edfor (send)letters.6.我永遠(yuǎn)忘不了見到他的那天。Ishallneverforget (meet)himthatday.7.鈴響時(shí)，你們必須停止說話。Youmuststop (talk)whenthebellrings.8.他指望這次得金牌。Heislookingforwardto (win)agoldmedalthistime.9.我認(rèn)為世界之窗很值得一去。IthinktheWindowoftheWorldisreallyworth (visit).10.他習(xí)慣住在南方。Heisusedto (live)inthesouth.11.我爸爸每天晚上忙于工作。Hisfathe

21、risbusywith (work)everynight.被動語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。被動語態(tài)是動詞的一種特殊形式，一般說來，只有需要動作對象的及物動詞才有被動語態(tài)。漢語往往用被、受、給等詞來表示被動意義。如：Heopenedthedoor.他打開了這扇門。（主動語態(tài)）Thedoorwasopened.這扇門被打開了。（被動語態(tài)）一 被動語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)及結(jié)構(gòu)（以動詞do為例）結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+be+過去分詞時(shí)態(tài)：1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am(is,are)done.2.帶情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：must(can,may,should,need,would)bedone

22、3. 一般過去時(shí)：was(were)done4.一般將來時(shí)：will(shall)bedone5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am(is,are)beingdone6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have(has)beendone例：Heopenedthedoor.他開了門。(主動句)Thedoorwasopened.門被開了。(被動句)二 被動語態(tài)的用法：1. 不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。如 ：Thisbookwaspublishedin1981.（publish出版）這本書出版于1981年。（沒有必要或說出出版者）2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。如 ：ThewindowwasbrokenbyMik

23、e.窗戶是邁克打破的。ThisbookwaswrittenbyLuxun.這本書是魯迅寫的。三 主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法：1.把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。2.把謂語變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)(be過去分詞)3.把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓語，將主格改為賓格。如 ：Allthepeoplelaughedathim.Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.歌訣是：賓變主，主變賓，by短語后面跟。四 含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：含有情態(tài)動詞的主動句變成被動句時(shí)，由

24、“情態(tài)動詞be過去分詞”構(gòu)成。Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.Wemustfinishthisworksoon.Thisworkmustbefinishedsoon.五 主動變被動語態(tài)需要注意的幾個(gè)問題.1.時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。Irepairedmycomputer.Mycomputerwasrepaired.2.謂語為動詞短語的被動語態(tài)不能丟掉動詞短語的介詞或副詞。Hisbestfriendoftenlooksafterhim.Heisoftenlookedafterbyhisbestfriend.3. 主

25、動語態(tài)中若有雙賓語,將其中一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z,另一個(gè)賓語不變Lindagavemeabook.IwasgivenabookbyLinda./AbookwasgiventomebyLinda.4.主動語態(tài)句中動詞make,have,let(使sb.做sth.),see.watch,lookat,hear,listento,feel等變成被動語態(tài)時(shí)，后面的不定式需要加上to.Mr.Leemadehimwashthedishes.Hewasmadetowashthedishes.5. 有些動詞不能用于被動語態(tài)，如： takeplace/happen/cometrue/breakout/belo

26、ngto等。Allyourdreamswillcometrueifyoutryyourbest.6. 感官動詞不用于被動語態(tài)，如 look/sound/smell/taste等。如 ：Theflowerssmellsweet.強(qiáng)化練習(xí)：1. ThePeoplesRepublicofChina onOctober1,1949.A. foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound2. English inCanada.A. speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken3. ThisEnglishsong bythegirlsafter

27、class.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung4. Thiskindofcar inJapan.A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade5. Newcomputers allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused6. Ourroommust clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep7. -Idliketobuythatcoat.-Imsorry. .A.itsoldB.itssellingC.Itsbeensol

28、dD.ithadbeensold8. Anewhouse atthecorneroftheroad.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding9. Thekey onthetablewhenIleave.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft10.Doctors ineverypartoftheworld.A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed綜合練習(xí)題：一 單項(xiàng)選擇題i選出與劃線部分意思相同的一項(xiàng)。1.Theysetoffbeforethesuncom

29、esoutA.startedoffB.startedinC.gotupD.gotdown2.Youmustaskpermissionifyouwanttoleave.A.directionB.tobeallowedC.toallowD.totalk3.Awell-dressedladyenteredtheclassroom.A.wholookshappyB.whoiswearingniceclothingC.whowasasweetsmileD.whoisdressingherself4.Teacherremindedstudentsoftheimportanttest.A.comparest

30、udentstoB.warnstudentsaboutC.dependstudentsonD.providestudentswith5.Heoftenexercisestokeepfit.A.keephealthyB.keephealthC.keepdoingD.keepfromdoingii選出最佳答案。6.Thekidsoffered_thedishes.A.doB.todoC.doingD.does7.Weare_moneyforcharity.A.puttingB.givingC.risingD.raising8.Inordertochangeattitudes_employingwo

31、men,thegovernmentisbringinginnewlaws.AaboutBofCtowardsDon9.She_agoodimpression on his mother.AgaveBmadeCgotDhad10._ismyfavoritesport.APlayfootballBPlaysfootballCPlayedfootballDPlayingfootball11. -Yourclassroomisreallybrightandclean.-It_afterschooleveryday.A.iscleanedB.cleanedC.wascleanedD.cleans12.

32、Today,theforestshavealmostgone;wemuststoppeople_downtomanytrees.A.tocutB.cutC.fromcuttingD.fromcut13-WishyougoodluckinthisEnglishexam.-_AThatsOKBThankyouCCongratulationsDYourewelcome14.-Thewoodlooksverynice.Whatsitmade_?-Wood,anditismade_Shanghai.A. from;inB.of;inC.from;byD.of;by15.Timusedto_sportsu

33、ntilhehurthislegsinanaccident.A.loveB.lovesC.lovingD.loved16.-TheT-shirtlooksniceonyou!Howmuchdoesit_?-Ijust_tendollarsforit.A.take,affordB.cost,paidC.cost,spentD.cost,cost17.MrWhiledoesnthaveanysonsordaughters,soheoftenfeels_.AlonelyBhappyCsorryDexcited.18.Illneverforget_herdanceforthefirsttimelast

34、year.AtoseeBseeCseeingDseen19. Whatdidyourteachersayinthemorning?-Shetoldus_makefacesinclass.AtonotBnottoCdonotDdidnt20.UncleWangusedto_anewspaperathomeaftersupper.Butnowheisusedto_outforawalk.A.read;goB.reading;goC.reading;goingD.read;going二語法填空：Mr Huang worked 16 a senior employee of a small facto

35、ry in Shenzhen. One winter, he 17 (offer) a job as a manager in a medium company. But the problem was that it was in Guangzhou 18 not in Shenzhen. After 19 (talk) about the problem with his wife for a long time, Mr Huang decided 20 (move) to Guangzhou. Several days later, Mr and Mrs huang told that

36、to their son, Tongwen. Tongwen was very 21 (surprise) and felt low. When the day came, Mr and Mrs Huang couldnt find Tongwen anywhere. In fact, Tongwen went to 22 best friend, Junming. Junming had a long talk 23 Tongwen. He said everyone should value the days with parents. Besides, Tongwen was told

37、to make new friends in Guangzhou. Tongwen returned home 24 (final). He said 25 to his parents.16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 三 完形填空：NINE-YEAR-OLD Barack Obama was looking through a magazine. But the African-American 26 was shocked by a series of photos. The pictures were about a black man w

38、ho damaged his skin with chemicals that promised to make him white. For the first time, the boy began to doubt who he was. “I stood 27 the mirror (鏡子) and wondered if something was wrong with me,” Obama said.Obamas 28 started in opposite corners of the world. His white mother was born in the centre

39、of the US. His black father 29 in a small village in Kenya. They met during college in Hawaii, but his father left the family when Obama was just two years old and his mother moved to Indonesia.At 10, Obama moved back to live with his white grandparents in Hawaii. At his class, a white boy asked Oba

40、ma 30 his father ate people. Without hesitation, Obama 31 his classmates that his father was a prince. “I kept asking who I am” Obama recalled.Things came to change 32 the young man made friends with those with a similar background at college. Their experiences helped Obama to finally face up to his

41、 33 origin （血統(tǒng)）.He worked hard to become a lawyer at Harvard Law School.Obama turned his pain of growing up into a tool to make Americans 34 : “There is not a white America and a black America, an Asian America. Theres the United States of America.”“Obamas success has made Martin Luther Kings dream

42、come true. That is: A man should not be judged (判斷) by the 35 of his skin, but by the content of his character,” wrote ABC news. ( )26. A.girl B.boy C.man D.woman ( )27. A.in the front of B.behind C.beside D.in front of ( )28. A.success B.event C.story D.achievement ( )29. A.grew up B.grew on C.grew

43、 apart D.grew from ( )30. A.when B.if C.who D.that ( )31. A.came to B.laughed to C.spoke to D.lied to ( )32. A.whether B.once C.after D.before ( )33. A.European B.African C.American D.Asian( )34. A.believe B.worry C.promise D.imagine ( )35. A.sense B.paint C.beauty D.color 四 用所給詞的正確形式或首字母提示填空：1.Ther

44、ewasafireinthebuilding,butluckilynoonewas (hurt).2.Herfatheris (serious)illinthehospital.3.Hespokeslowlyandhaddifficulty (express)himselfclearly.4.Hewasexcitedand (joy)atthesuccess.5.Marydidntcometoschoolbecauseofher (ill).6.Helosthisarmsinanaccidentandbecame (able).7.MymotherandIwillcontinue (visit)Vivian.8.Hefounditverydifficult (get)tosleep.9.Isawhim (come)downstairsjustnow.10.Theteachermadeus (do)Exercise1.11.Imetmyold