高中英語語法--倒裝

1、策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)1Useful structure ( 30m )策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)2一、概述：一、概述：英語句子的基本語序是主語在前，謂語動詞在英語句子的基本語序是主語在前，謂語動詞在后（后（the natural orderthe natural order） ，當(dāng)語序顛倒時(shí)就，當(dāng)語序顛倒時(shí)就成了倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)（成了倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)（ the inverted orderthe inverted order） 。把。把謂語的全部放在主語之前稱為完全倒裝；而只謂語的全部放在主語之前稱為完全倒裝；而只把助動詞或情態(tài)動詞放在主語之前，則稱為部把助動詞或情態(tài)動詞放在主語之前，則稱為部分倒裝。分倒裝。 策劃：學(xué)生雙

2、語報(bào)3二、全部倒裝句二、全部倒裝句(Full Inversion) 1. here, there, now, then, thus，out，away, up,down等副詞置于句首等副詞置于句首, 謂語動詞常用謂語動詞常用be, come, go, lie, run。當(dāng)其主語為名詞時(shí)，通常要使用倒當(dāng)其主語為名詞時(shí)，通常要使用倒裝。例如：裝。例如： a. There goes the bell. b. Then came the chairman. c. Here is your letter. d. Away went the boy to the school! e. Off goes th

3、e woman!注意：上述全部倒裝的句型結(jié)構(gòu)的主語必須是名注意：上述全部倒裝的句型結(jié)構(gòu)的主語必須是名詞，如果主語是人稱代詞則不能倒裝。詞，如果主語是人稱代詞則不能倒裝。Here he comes. Away they went.策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)42. 以引導(dǎo)詞以引導(dǎo)詞there開頭的句子，須使用倒裝結(jié)開頭的句子，須使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，除構(gòu)，除 there be 外還有外還有there live / stand / lie / exist等。例如：等。例如：a. There are three books on the deskb.There lived an old fisherman near t

4、he sea.c.There stands a tall building in the centre of the town.策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)53. 介詞短語做地點(diǎn)狀語放在句首介詞短語做地點(diǎn)狀語放在句首 a.In the cottage lives a family of six. b.Near the bridge was an old cottage. c.In front of the house sat a little boy.策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)6三、部分倒裝句三、部分倒裝句(Partial Inversion) 1. 疑問句疑問句 a.Have you seen the film?

5、 b.When are we going to drink to your happiness?注意：如疑問詞在句中做主語，則用自然注意：如疑問詞在句中做主語，則用自然語序。語序。 c. Who is your sister? d.What is our work?策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)72. so/such.that的的so/such位于句首時(shí)，位于句首時(shí)，a. So loudly did the students read that people could hear them out in the street. b.So small were the words that he could

6、hardly see them. c.Such a famous man is he that everyone wants to take a photo with him.策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)83. so, neither, nor表示前面所述一件事也適合另一個(gè)人或表示前面所述一件事也適合另一個(gè)人或物時(shí)物時(shí). So用于肯定句用于肯定句,neither/nor用于否定句用于否定句. a. Tom can speak French. So can Jack.b. If you dont go, neither will I. 注意：注意：1) 當(dāng)當(dāng) so引出的句子用以對上文內(nèi)容加以證實(shí)或肯引出的句

7、子用以對上文內(nèi)容加以證實(shí)或肯定時(shí)，不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。意為定時(shí)，不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。意為的確如此的確如此。 Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. -Its raining hard. -So it is. 2)但如果上文所述兩件事也適合另一個(gè)人或物，就用但如果上文所述兩件事也適合另一個(gè)人或物，就用 So it is /was with sb.或或It is/was the same with sb. Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language. So it was

8、with Engels. 策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)94. 否定意義的副詞或短語位于句首時(shí)，常見的有：in no way, not onlybut also, never, little, rarely, seldom, hardly. When, no soonerthan, scarcelywhen, in no case, not until(當(dāng)Not until引出主從復(fù)合句，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。)等. e.g.a. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. b.Hardly can I follow you.

9、 c.Seldom do I visit USA. d. Never have I seen such a performance .注意： 如否定詞不在句首不倒裝。e. I have never seen such a performance.f. The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep.策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)105. 由由as或或though 引導(dǎo)的讓步壯語從句。引導(dǎo)的讓步壯語從句。表語十表語十a(chǎn)s主語十系動詞主語十系動詞be.動詞原形動詞原形as主語十助動詞主語十助動詞.例如：例如：a. Young as he i

10、s, he knows some of the family. b. Try as I might, I could not lift the stone. 注意：當(dāng)單數(shù)名詞位于句首時(shí)，名詞前無冠詞。注意：當(dāng)單數(shù)名詞位于句首時(shí)，名詞前無冠詞。eg. c. Child as he is, he knows good English. 策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)11 6. Only 位于句首，強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的狀語時(shí)。位于句首，強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的狀語時(shí)。a. Only then did I fully understand what my father said.只有到那時(shí)，我才充分理解我父親講的話只有到那時(shí)，我才充分理解

11、我父親講的話.b. Only when I left school did I realize how important study is.只有當(dāng)我離開學(xué)校時(shí)，我才意識到學(xué)習(xí)有多只有當(dāng)我離開學(xué)校時(shí)，我才意識到學(xué)習(xí)有多么重要。么重要。注意注意:如果如果only強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句子主語時(shí)。不倒裝。強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句子主語時(shí)。不倒裝。 c. Only he can help us. 策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)12a.Were I you, I would not do such a thing. = If I were you, I would not do such a thing.b.Would the machine

12、 break down again, send it back to us.= If the machine would break down again, send it back to us.c.Had you worked harder, you would have passed.= If you had worked harder, you would have passed. 策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)138. 有些表示有些表示“感嘆、祝愿感嘆、祝愿”等語氣的句子，等語氣的句子，也可使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)也可使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu).a. Isnt it cold! 天氣真冷！天氣真冷！ b.May both b

13、e happy!祝你們兩位幸福！祝你們兩位幸福！ c. May God bless you. 愿上帝賜福于你。愿上帝賜福于你。d. Long live the king! 國王萬歲！國王萬歲！ 策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)141. _ to rain tomorrow, they would put off the meeting.A. If it should B. If were it C. Should it D. were it 2. _ got into the room _ the telephone rang.A. No sooner had he, when B. He hardly ha

14、d, then C. Hardly had he, when D. He hardly had, then3. _ find out what had happened.A. Until he woke up did he B. Until he woke up to C. Not until did he wake up he D. Not until he woke up did he 4. Little _ about his own health though he was very ill.A. he cared B. he cares C. does he care D. did

15、he care DCDDPractice choosing ( 10m )策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)155. Early in the day _ the news _ the enemy were gone.A. come, that B. came, that C. comes, that D. came, what 6. Not only _ strict with us, but also _ for us. A. was the teacher; did he care B. was the teacher; he cared C. the teacher was; did he care D

16、. the teacher was; did he care7. _, he knows a lot of English . A. Child as he is B. As he is a Child C. A child as he is D. Child though he was 8. _ the cat, she has to give it to the neighbor. A. As she likes much B. As she much likes C. Much as she likes D. As much she likes BBCA策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)169. Be q

17、uick! _. A. Here comes the bus B. The bus here comes C. The bus come here D. Here the bus comes 10. If you want to go there, _. A. so will I B. so I will C. I will so D. so do I11. In front of the farmhouse _. A. does a small boy sit B. did a small boy sit C. sit a small boy D. sat a small boy 12. S

18、carcely _ down when _ a knock at the door. A. had he sat; did he hear B. he had sat; did he hear C. he had sat; he heard D. had he sat; he heardAADD策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)1713. Here _. A. does he come B. he comes C. comes he D. he come 14. Only _ that. A. can a doctor do B. a doctor can do C. can do a doctor D. ca

19、n a doctor does15. Not even once _ a lie. A. has Mike told B. Mike has told C. had Mike told D. Mike had told16. Up _ into the air. A. went the arrow B. the arrow went C. did the arrow go D. does the arrow goBBAA策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)1817. Not for a moment _ what he said. A. I believed B. did I believe C. I would

20、 believe D. I believe18. In _ and the students stood up. A. the teacher comes B. the teacher coming C. came the teacher D. did the teacher come 19. No sooner _ begun to speak than I realized that something was wrong. A. he has B. he had C. had he D. did heBCC策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)191. - I would never come to this

21、 restaurant again. The food is terrible! - _ . ( 2004全國全國 ) A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I答案答案B B。第一個(gè)句子使用了。第一個(gè)句子使用了would, would, 用用neitherneither表示附和的意義時(shí)，助動詞應(yīng)與上文一致。表示附和的意義時(shí)，助動詞應(yīng)與上文一致。高考鏈接策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)202. I failed in the final examination last term and only then _ the importanc

22、e of studies.( 2004重慶重慶 )A. I realized B. I had realizedC. had I realized D. did I realize解析：答案為解析：答案為D. 句首為句首為“only + 副詞副詞”時(shí)，時(shí)，句子要用部分倒裝語序；根據(jù)語境應(yīng)為一句子要用部分倒裝語序；根據(jù)語境應(yīng)為一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。般過去時(shí)態(tài)。策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)213. - Will you go skating with me this winter vacation? - It _ . ( 2002上海上海)A. all depended B. all dependsC. is all

23、 depended D. is all depending解析：答案解析：答案B。It all depends 是是“不確定不確定”、“看情況看情況”的意思。的意思。策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)22Assignment 1. Summarize the rules of inversion in your own way. 2. Finish the exercises of “Discovering useful structures” on Page 29.策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)23策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)24Unit 4 Making the news Period 4: 幻燈片57-68頁策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)25W

24、arming up ( 2m )Students answer the following questions:1. Do you want to get some information everyday? How can you get the information?2. Can you guess how complex it is to make news?There are so many ways to get information, but reading newspapers is one of the oldest. This class well learn a pas

25、sage about how to make news. Lets come to the passage.策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)26Reading - I Scanning ( 2m )Read the text and try to get the main idea of it.( Students can discuss in pairs. )Main idea: the passage tells us the process of writing and printing for a newspaper article. 策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)27Reading - II Filling th

26、e chart ( 10m )Read the passage and finish the chart for the writing and printing process for an article. 2. You do some research to see if the story is true or not.1.4.3. You go to an interview to get the information for your story You begin to write the story using the notes from the interview. Yo

27、u give the article to the sub-editor to check. 策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)28 . All the stories and photos are set and the colour negatives for the printing are made ready. The article is given to a native speaker to check the use of English and improve the style. The first edition of the newspaper is printed. T

28、he last stage the article is checked /approved by the chief editor. 策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)29Reading - III thinking ( 8m )Read the passage again and think about the following questions: What did you think about making news and being a reporter before you read this passage? How about now? Do you think its a easy jo

29、b to be a reporter?Students give their own answers.策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)30Reading task on Page 65 I true or false ( 8m )Read the passage “Searching for the truth” on Page 65, and make sure the following statements are true or false :1. When we read about Jia Sixie in our textbook we are reading a primary source.

30、2. As we watch the news on TV, the person presenting the programme in the studio is the secondary source.FT策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)313. Photographers sometimes are both primary and secondary sources.4. Knowing the difference of primary and secondary sources can help us decide what is a fact and what is an opinion.5

31、. Often facts and opinions are mixed in any report.TFT策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)32Reading task on Page 65 II main idea ( 5m )Read the passage again and try to find out the main idea of it. ( Students can discuss in groups. )Main idea: The passage tells us what a primary source and a secondary source are and the diffe

32、rence between them.策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)33Reading task on Page 65 III exercises ( 4m )Students finish Ex. 2 3 on Page 65 66 and check the answers.策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)34Assignment 1. Surf the internet to find more information about making news. 2. Try to retell the passage on Page 30. 3. Prepare for the next class.策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)35

33、策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)36Unit 4 Making the news Period 5: 幻燈片69-78頁策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)37Ask the students to answer the following question:If you were a reporter of China Daily and you had a task to interview a famous person, who would you like to interview? Why?Warming up ( 2m )策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)38Listening I ( 4m )Ex. 1 on Page 31. L

34、isten to the passage for the first time, then circle the correct summary of it.Key: summary B策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)39Listening II ( 12m )Ex. 2 on Page 32.1) Listen to the tape for the second time and try to find the answers for Ex.2 on Page 32.2) Listen to the tape for the third time and check the answers.策劃：學(xué)生雙語

35、報(bào)40Answer keys for the Ex.2 on page 32.1. He wants to interview him about his decision to go aboard and work.2. His fans are worried that they will not see him in the flesh.3. Liu Ming will talk to Zhou Yang on Wednesday at 12 oclock.4. Liu Mings intention is to learn more about tennis and return to

36、 China. 策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)41Listening III ( 10m )Listening Task on Page 62.1) Listen to tape for the first time and finish Ex. 1 on Page 62, then check the answers.DayTimePlaceThursday6 amBBC TV station策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)422) Listen to tape for two more times and finish Ex. 2 on Page 62, then check the answers.1. He had

37、 to go to the BBC radio station because the sound effects are better there.2. He was anxious because he wondered if he had got the right day or the right time.3. The windows are described as dark. They are like large, tired day.4. Greg knew the house was empty because the bell echoed through empty r

38、ooms.5. He felt very relieved when the man appeared next to him.策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)43Speaking ( 12m )Make a appointment: Read the instructions of Ex.3 on Page 32, then make a appointment in pairs and role-play the situation.策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)44Assignment 1. Finish the listening task on English Weekly. 2. Make a conclusi

39、on of the listening and speaking skills learned in this class.策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)45策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)46Unit 4 Making the news Period 6: 幻燈片79-85頁策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)47Warming up ( 2m )1. From the passage on Page 3031 we know the steps to make news, now would you like to have a try?2. If you have a chance to be the reporter of our s

40、chool newspaper, will you take it? Why?策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)48Writing I making an interview ( 10m )Suppose you are the reporter of our school newspaper, and you want to write a newspaper article about an excellent student.Now make an interview in pairs, one is the reporter, another one is the excellent student,

41、then change the roles. ( When you interview your partner you should write down the information you get. ) 策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)49Writing II ( 15m )After the interview, the students write an article about the excellent student.( There are at least 100 words. )策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)50Writing III ( 12m )Checking the articles.1.

42、Ask the students to check the articles for their partners.2. Show some articles on the screen, other students should give some advice.策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)51Assignment1. Try to correct the composition .2. Finish the exercises of unit 4 on English Weekly.策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)52策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)53Language points for Reading IVideo data

43、幻燈片86-96頁策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)541.Words and expressions: 1)occupation n a job or employment 職業(yè)職業(yè) taking possession 占有占有occupation, job, work, profession 和和 trade辨析辨析四個(gè)詞都有四個(gè)詞都有“工作工作”之意。之意。occupation 較為正式，經(jīng)常用在填寫表格上。較為正式，經(jīng)常用在填寫表格上。job是可數(shù)名詞，可指一個(gè)單獨(dú)任務(wù)，也可指工作職位是可數(shù)名詞，可指一個(gè)單獨(dú)任務(wù)，也可指工作職位work是不可數(shù)名詞，泛指一切工作。是不可數(shù)名詞，泛指一切工作。profes

44、sion一般指需要專門技能，尤指需要較高教育水一般指需要專門技能，尤指需要較高教育水 平的某一行業(yè)、職業(yè)，如醫(yī)生或律師。平的某一行業(yè)、職業(yè)，如醫(yī)生或律師。策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)55Practice:選詞填空選詞填空（ occupation, job, profession, work )a. Please state your name,age and_ below.b. I have a few _ to do in the house this morning.c. Looking after children all day is hard_d. My husband is at the ve

45、ry to of medical_ . occupationjobsworkprofession策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)562) concentrate vt. to give all ones attention to sth and not to think about anything else.集中集中 to come or bring together at one place 聚集聚集 concentrate on (doing) sth 專注于（做）某事專注于（做）某事 concentrate the /ones mind 集中注意力；集中注意力； 聚精會神聚精會神 concentrat

46、e ones effort/attention on sth 集集中力量中力量/注意力于某事注意力于某事 concentration n. 專心；聚集專心；聚集 策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)57Practice:完成句子：完成句子：a. Stop talking and _ . ( 專心工作專心工作 )b. Nothing _ ( 集中注意力集中注意力 ) better than the knowledge that you could die tomorrow.c. I decided to _ ( 全力全力以赴以赴 ) finding somewhere to live. concentrate on

47、 your workconcentrates the mindconcentrate all my efforts on策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)583) meanwhile, during, while 詞義辨析詞義辨析meanwhile意為意為“同時(shí)同時(shí)”,與與at the same time意思相同。意為意思相同。意為“期間期間”時(shí)，是副詞，在時(shí)，是副詞，在句中單獨(dú)做狀語。句中單獨(dú)做狀語。during 意為意為“在、期間在、期間”，是介詞，后，是介詞，后接名詞、代詞。接名詞、代詞。while 意為意為“在、期間在、期間”，是連詞，引導(dǎo)，是連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。時(shí)間狀語從句。策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)594

48、) accuse, charge, blame 詞義辨析詞義辨析 accuse （指控（指控 ）sb. of ( doing ) sth. charge ( 指控指控 ）sb. with ( doing ) sth. accuse ( 指責(zé)指責(zé) ）sb. of (doing ) sth. blame （ 責(zé)備責(zé)備 ）sb. for ( doing ) sth.策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)602. Difficulties1)Can I go out on a story immediately? 我可以馬上出去采訪嗎？我可以馬上出去采訪嗎？on 后接一些名詞如后接一些名詞如visit, holiday,

49、business, trip等，常等，常與與come, go等動詞連用，用來說明活動或狀態(tài)。等動詞連用，用來說明活動或狀態(tài)。Practice:她決定今年暑假去一趟英國。她決定今年暑假去一趟英國。She decided to go _ to England this summer.他去了長途旅行。他去了長途旅行。He has been away _ .on a visiton a long trip策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)612) Only when you have seen what he or she does, can you cover a story by yourself.只有等你見習(xí)了只

50、有等你見習(xí)了他們的工作之后，你才能獨(dú)自去進(jìn)行新聞采訪。他們的工作之后，你才能獨(dú)自去進(jìn)行新聞采訪。cover 和和 interview 的辨析：的辨析：cover 意為意為“采訪采訪”、“報(bào)道報(bào)道”，賓語往往為，賓語往往為事。事。interview 意為意為“采訪采訪”，賓語往往，賓語往往為人。為人。選詞填空：選詞填空：( cover, interview )a) I want to _ him about his research work.b) The best reporters were sent to _ the erviewcover策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)623) NO ne

51、ed for a camera! 不需要帶相機(jī)！不需要帶相機(jī)！no need是句型是句型There is no need 的省略形的省略形式，式，need 后面可以接后面可以接for/of ( doing ) sth 或或( for sb ) to do作后置定語。作后置定語。介詞填空：介詞填空：a) There is no need _ that sort of thing.b) There is no need _ hurrying; we still have time.c) There is no need _ you to worry about the matter.foroffo

52、r策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)63 1.喬治在理工科方面是個(gè)很有天賦的學(xué)生。（gifted）2. 大學(xué)校長批準(zhǔn)了他在系里的任命。（approve; appointment; department）3. 他的家人對他的職業(yè)選擇感到特別高興。（delighted; profession）策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)644. 教亞歷克斯滑雪是是一件痛苦的事。（painful; process）5. 編審特別提到，這篇文章需要進(jìn)一步潤色。（senior editor; polish）6.電臺和電視臺的記者的新聞報(bào)道必需必需簡明扼要。（journalist; concise）策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)657. 有些優(yōu)秀的戰(zhàn)地記者為了讓人

53、們知道真實(shí)的情況而犧牲犧牲了生命。（admirable; wartime journalist; informof）headmaster, schoolmaster; president, chancellor 的區(qū)別headmaster和principal是同義詞，都表示，“中小學(xué)校長”；president和chancellor是同義詞，都 表示大專院校“校長”。這兩組詞是同類詞匯，都表示“校長”，但具體級別不同，所以兩組詞不是同義 詞。策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)668. 今天分派給我的任務(wù)是對房間進(jìn)行一次大掃除大掃除。（my assignment; a thorough clean/cleaning

54、）9. 你知道在哪里能買到一本最新版本在哪里能買到一本最新版本的漢語詞典嗎的漢語詞典嗎？（updated edition）策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)671George was a gifted student in science and technology.2 The chancellor / president of the university approved his appointment to the department.3.His family were delighted with his choice of profession.4.Teaching Alex how to ski

55、 is a painful process.5. The senior editor emphasized that this article needed further polishing.6.The news reports of journalists of radio and TV stations need to be concise.策劃：學(xué)生雙語報(bào)687.Some of the admirable wartime journalists lost their lives in order to inform people of the true situation.8. My assignment today was to give a thorough clean/ cleaning to the flat.9. Do you know where to buy a