主謂一致語法

1、Unit 3 Grammar and usageSubject-verb agreement主謂一致主謂一致1.Everyone in the class (is / are) surprised at the news.2.All the students in our class (has / have) a dictionary.3.Reading English newspaper ( is / are) a good habit.4.Physics (is / are) an important subject in science.5.That the famous film st

2、ar will come (make / makes)her fans very happy. BrainstormingChoose the correct answers.ishaveisismakesEveryoneAll the studentsReadingPhysicsThat the famous film star will come最常見的情況最常見的情況：當(dāng)主語是單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。當(dāng)主語是單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。e.g. The city was founded in the 8th century BC.e.g. The

3、food they offered on the plane was delicious.當(dāng)主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。當(dāng)主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。e.g. Both cities were very rich.學(xué)習(xí)主謂一致時，學(xué)習(xí)主謂一致時，要注意以下情況：要注意以下情況：謂語動詞要用單數(shù)的情況：謂語動詞要用單數(shù)的情況：1.1.動名詞、不定式、從句做主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。動名詞、不定式、從句做主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。e.g. Growing flowers needs constant watering.e.g. That it keeps raining (

4、worry) the tourists.e.g. To be praised (be) a happy thing. e.g. When and where to hold the meeting _ (have) not been decided.worriesishas2. news, politics, physics, mathematics, plastics等形式為復(fù)數(shù)而意義為單數(shù)的名詞作主語時，等形式為復(fù)數(shù)而意義為單數(shù)的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。謂語動詞用單數(shù)。學(xué)科名稱的名詞或國名、地名、書名、組織機(jī)構(gòu)學(xué)科名稱的名詞或國名、地名、書名、組織機(jī)構(gòu)等專有名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單

5、數(shù)。等專有名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。e.g. No news (be) good news.e.g. Physics (be) a fundamental subject in science.e.g. The Arabian Nights (be) a very interesting story-book.isisis3.3.表示表示時間、距離、錢額、重量、空間、體積時間、距離、錢額、重量、空間、體積等意義等意義 的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)。的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)。e.g. Eight hours of sleep is enough.e.g. A hundred

6、miles (be) a long distance.e.g. Ten pounds (be) missing from my pocket.e.g. Twenty years (have) passed since he left his hometown. iswashas4. more than one/many a + 單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞作主語，意作主語，意義上是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞常用義上是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)單數(shù)。( (形單意復(fù)形單意復(fù)) )e.g. More than one student （have）tried.e.g. Many a student and teacher (be

7、) watching the football match.e.g. Many a man (have) died in the war.hasishas5. each/every/many a + + 單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞 and each/every/many a + 單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 e.g. Each book and each pen (be) found in its place.e.g. Every boy and every girl (have) the right to receive education.e.g. Many a

8、boy and many a girl （have） seen these painting.e.g. Every hour and minute (be) important.第二個第二個each, every, many a 可以省略?？梢允÷浴shashasis 謂語動詞單、復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞單、復(fù)數(shù)要視情況而定的情形：要視情況而定的情形：6.6.由由andand連接的兩個并列成分表示兩個不同的概念時，謂連接的兩個并列成分表示兩個不同的概念時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，但由但由andand連接的并列成分但指的是連接的并列成分但指的是同一同一概念概念或或一個人的雙重身份一個人的雙重身份時謂

9、語動詞為單數(shù)。時謂語動詞為單數(shù)。 e.g. The worker and the writer are from Beijing. ( (那位工人和那位作家那位工人和那位作家) ) e.g. The worker and writer is from Beijing. ( (那個工人兼作家那個工人兼作家) ) e.g. The singer and dancer (be) famous all over the world.常見的表同一概念的有：常見的表同一概念的有： the needle and thread 針線針線the folk and knife 刀叉刀叉 is7. 7. 當(dāng)主語是當(dāng)

10、主語是class, family, army, team, club, crowd, majority, audience, government, public, group, band 等集合名詞等集合名詞 時，如果該集合名詞表示一個組織時，如果該集合名詞表示一個組織或單位的概念，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；或單位的概念，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；如果該集合名如果該集合名詞表示組織或單位里一些個體的概念，謂語動詞用復(fù)詞表示組織或單位里一些個體的概念，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。數(shù)形式。 e.g. His family (be) in Harbin. e.g. His family (be) music love

11、rs.e.g. The committee （be） made up of 10 members.e.g. The committee （be) in the hall. isarewaswere8. glasses, shoes, scissors，trousers, chopsticks,等作主語時，謂語動詞用等作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式復(fù)數(shù)形式。但前面有。但前面有a pair of, this/that pair of, a suit of等時，謂語動詞用等時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式單數(shù)形式。e.g. This pair of trousers (be) very dirty.e.g. H

12、er trousers (be) being washed now.當(dāng)主語是當(dāng)主語是congratulations, earnings, remains, goods, belongings, clothes等一類詞時，謂語動詞用等一類詞時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式復(fù)數(shù)形式。e.g. The goods （belong） to Mr. Wang.isarebelong9. 9. population 做主語指人口做主語指人口, ,謂語用謂語用單數(shù)單數(shù)；但指人的行為、居民等，謂語常用但指人的行為、居民等，謂語常用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)；分?jǐn)?shù)分?jǐn)?shù)/ /百分?jǐn)?shù)百分?jǐn)?shù)+ of the population做主語，謂語用做

13、主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)。e.g. The population of the village （be）538.e.g. One third of the population here (be) workers.isare10.10.a number of + +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，意思是意思是“許多許多”。 the number of + + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，意思是意思是“的數(shù)量的數(shù)量”。 a quantity of + +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù), ,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 a quantity o

14、f + +不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞, , 。謂語用單數(shù)謂語用單數(shù) quantities of + +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 quantities of +不可數(shù)名詞，不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。e.g. Quantities of tea (be) sold last month.e.g. A large quantity of beer (be) sold out. 11. a quantity of quantities of + +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/ /不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞werewas謂語動詞要和謂語動詞要和 of 之后之后的名詞

15、保持一致。的名詞保持一致。 12.Two-thirds of the people present (be )against the plan.Three-fourths of the surface of the earth （be）covered by sea.Over twenty percent of the city （be ）destroyed in the war.Only 40 percent of the students in the class （be）boys.areiswasare13.13. e.g. Not only he but also I (be) invi

16、ted. e.g. I or his brothers (be) to blame.e.g. Neither I nor he (be) to attend the meeting.e.g. Not only the students but also their teacher (be) enjoying the film.amwereisis14.14.當(dāng)當(dāng) there be/ here be 句型的主語是一系列事物時，句型的主語是一系列事物時，謂語動詞單、復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與最鄰近的主語保持一致。謂語動詞單、復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與最鄰近的主語保持一致。 e.g. There （be） a pen, a knife

17、 and several books on the desk. e.g. There （are） twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class. e.g. Here （is） a letter and a book for you. e.g. There (are) three chairs, two tables and a bike in the house.isareisare主語后跟主語后跟結(jié)構(gòu)時，謂語動詞一般和前面的主語保持一致。結(jié)構(gòu)時，謂語動詞一般和前面的主語保持一致。 e.g. The teache

18、r with a number of students ( be) in the classroom.e.g. Tom, as much as you, （be）responsible for the loss. e.g. He more than you （be） anxious to go there.iswasis16.“16.“one of復(fù)數(shù)名詞定語從句復(fù)數(shù)名詞定語從句”結(jié)構(gòu)，如果結(jié)構(gòu)，如果one前前面沒有限定詞，這個句型中的面沒有限定詞，這個句型中的“復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞”是先行詞，是先行詞，定定語從句的謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)語從句的謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；如果；如果one前面有前面有the，the

19、only, the right等限定詞修飾，則等限定詞修飾，則one是先行詞，是先行詞，定語從句的謂定語從句的謂語動詞用單數(shù)語動詞用單數(shù)。e.g. John is the only one of the students who (have) the keys.e.g. John is one of the students who （have ）the keys.hashave17. theadj./ v-ed / v- ing作主語時，代表整個作主語時，代表整個類別，謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。如：類別，謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。如： the + dying, young, old, blind, rich

20、, sick, wounded, poor及及dead等詞。等詞。e.g. The old in China （be） living a happy life.e.g. The wounded （have） been saved.e.g. The sick （have） been cured and the lost have been found.arehavehave1.The United States (be) hit by the Great Depression in 1930s.2. Five hundred million pounds (be) a lot of money.

21、3.When and where this took place (be) still unknown.4. More than one person (know) about it.5. Many a student (like) football.6. Whether she comes or not (be) of no matter.7. The British (be) very proud of their sense of humor.8. My family (be) big and the whole family (be) fond of music.9.The population in China (be) very large, and eighty percent of the population in China (be) farmers.10. A number of books (have) been sent to the children.11. The number of