2020年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)試題

1、絕密 啟用前2020 年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)模擬測(cè)試本試卷共150 分，考試時(shí)間120 分鐘?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。注意事項(xiàng)：1. 答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在條形碼區(qū)域內(nèi)。2. 選擇題必須使用2B 鉛筆填涂;非選擇題必須使用0. 5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫，字體工整、筆跡清楚。3. 請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效;在 草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。4. 作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出，確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。5. 保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺。不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮

2、紙刀。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30 分）第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1. 5分，滿分7. 5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、E、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀1. How many people of the family got injured in the train accident?A. One.B. Four.2 .What is the man doing now?A. Buying a book onlineB. Surfing the Internet.3 .

3、What does Mr Smith do?A. He is a salesman.B. He is a mailman.4 .How much will the speakers pay?A. $ 38.B. $ 46.C. FiveC. Doing some reading.C. He is a milkmanC. $54.5. What is the woman s attitude to the dishes?A. She dislikes them.B. She thinks them just so-so.C. She likes them very much.第二節(jié)（共15小題

4、;每小題 1.5 分，滿分22. 5分）聽下面 5 段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、 E、 C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題 5 秒鐘 ;聽完后，各小題將給出5 秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第 6 段材料，回答第6、 7 題。6. What time is it now?A. 11: 45.B. 12: 15.C. 12:45.7. Why does the woman want change for a dollar?A. To do some shopping. 聽第 7 段材料，回答

5、第8、 9 題。8. To pay the phone bill.9. To buy a train ticket.& What may cause the boss to lose his temper?A. His tendency to find others' faults.B. His strictness with others.C. His stressful situation.9. What's the “ hole" the boss made a mountain out of?A. The staff's cheating.B.

6、 The great loss of the company.C. The man's making a few more copies. 聽第 8 段材料，回答第10 至 12 題。10. What's the weather like today?A. Hot.B. Cool.11. What does the woman think of modern artists?A. They are so good.B. They are a little conservative.C. They are not serious about their works.12. Why

7、 does the man want to stop discussing modern art?A. He agrees to the woman's opinion.B. He thinks there's no sense in discussing it any more.C. He knows his opinion does not sound reasonable.聽第 9 段材料，回答第13 至 16 題。13. Where does the man live now?A. Downtown.B. In the capital.14. Which train d

8、oes the man take to work every day?A. The 6 :13 one.B. The 6 :30 one.15. How does the man find the traveling to work every day now?A. Quite enjoyable.B. Very time-wasting.16. How does the man spend his time on the morning train?A. Glancing over news.B. Relaxing with a good book.C. Chatting with his

9、friends.聽第 10 段材料，回答第17 至 20 題。C. Cold.C. In the countryside.C. The 6 :47 one.C. Extremely boring.17. How are the printed houses different from traditional ones?A. They are set up in pieces.B. They are made from glass pieces.C. They are formed as a whole.18. How much did it take to build the printed

10、 400-square-foot house in California?A. $5,000.B. $ 10,000.C. $ 15,000.19. Where was a castle printed in just 24 hours?A. In China.B. In Russia.C. In America.20. What do engineers think the new technology could be used for?A. Recycling old buildings.B. Developing new materials.C. Producing buildings

11、 on the moon.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40 分）第一節(jié)（共15小題 ;每小題 2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATime for an adventure?Are you a bit bored with your nine-to-five routine? Have a look at our exciting range of holidays and decide what type of adventure you'd like.Activity holidaysOur activity holidays a

12、re for everyone? people who love danger or who just like sports.We have a huge variety of water, snow or desert holidays. We'll take you SCUBA diving in the Red Sea or kayaking and white water rafting in Canada. If you prefer snow? you can try skiing or snowboarding in the Alps. For those who li

13、ke warmer weather, we also have sandboarding the desert version of skateboarding.Polar expeditionsTake a cruise to the Antarctic or the Arctic ； explore a land of white natural beauty and wonderful wildlife. Our experts will explain everything about the two poles as you watch the penguins in the Ant

14、arctic or whales and polar bears in the Arctic.Cultural journeysOur cultural journeys will help you discover ancient civilizations ： India? Thailand? Egypt and many more. Visit temples? palaces and ancient ruins just remember to bring your camera! Get to know local ways of life by exploring markets?

15、 trying foreign foods and meeting local people.Trekking toursWe have trekking holidays to famous places such as Machu Picchu or the Everest Base Camp Trek, as well as some nearer to home in the Highlands of Scotland. You don't need to be very sporty, just fairly fit. You'll have a great time

16、 enjoying nature with a group of new friends. Some of the holidays include camping, but we'll transport the tents for you!21. Which tour will you choose if you want to watch animals in nature?A. Activity holidays.B. Polar expeditions.C. Cultural journeys.D. Trekking tours.22. What can explorers

17、probably do during the trekking tours?A. Do some sports.B. Enjoy sandboarding.C. Camp on the mountains.D. Try snowboarding in the Alps.23. Who are the holiday adventure events mainly aimed at?A. Senior retirees.B. Young teenagers.C. Regular workers.D. Successful businessmen.B“What is the biggest cha

18、llenge of graduate school?" an undergraduate asked the group of graduate students at an event I helped organize last summer. " Not letting the support from my community turn into pressure one member responded. That answer might have surprised some? who probably expected to hear about exper

19、iments that didn't work or trudging through academic materials. But I understood exactly what she meant.Throughout my education, friends and family have expected me to take advantage of every opportunity I come across because I may not get the same chance again. They expect me to give outstandin

20、g performances everywhere I go because I represent them and our culture. Mentors（導(dǎo)師）expect that I will never give up. This has been agreat source of motivation, but also of pressure.I remembered a conversation with a mentor. At the end of my first year of graduate school? I struggled with a strong d

21、esire to leave the program with a master's degree. I was accustomed to hearing" Don't givehave to finish" words that were meant to be motivational. Instead? they made me feel I would be a disappointment if I left. After I discussed the pros and cons of leaving with my mentor, she r

22、esponded completely different from what I expected. "I support any decision you make," she said."I will always be proud of you and your actHearing this simple? direct statement of support? I felt every muscle of my body loosen.My mentor knew the right thing to say? but we can't ex

23、pect the same from everyone. Sometimes, friends and family ask me, “ How long until you get your degree?" As many graduate students will agree? this question is a stress starter. Now? when people in my community always with the best intentions say something that creates pressure and makes me fe

24、el bad? I tell them and we talk about it. I tell them that I prefer to hear, someone to talk to? How can I help you throu gh this rough time?" This was a bit awkward at first. But I'to notice a change. These days, I get fewer stress-inducing （弓 I起壓力 的）questions and comments.24. Which can re

25、place the underlined word“ trudging" in paragraph 1?A. Struggling.B. Seeing.C. Breaking.D. Cutting.25. What can be inferred from paragraph 3 about the author?A. He was afraid to leave his program.B. He appreciated what his mentor said.C. He preferred to discuss pros and cons.D. He had a strong

26、desire to get a master's degree.26. Which does the author prefer to hear when he needs support?A. Never give up!B. How about a chat?C. Have you prepared for the result?D. Go ahead! I will back you up!27. What's the main idea of the text?A. Value the source of inspiration from your community.

27、B. Communicate with your community more about study.C. Find a way to block out support from your community.D. Let support from your community become less stressful.CA new study finds that the average performance of students from the lowest income families in the US lags （滯后） about three to four year

28、s behind that of the highest income students an achievement gap that has remained constant for decades. An analysis of standardized tests given to more than 2. 7 million middle and high school students over 40 years suggests that federal education programs aimed at closing the gap are falling short.

29、Researchers looked at results from four different programs conducted nationwide at various intervals from 1971 to 2015 to test teenagers in math, reading and science. A total of 98 exams were used in the programs? testing students aged 13-15 as well as 17-year-olds. Test scores for 17-year-old stude

30、nts in the bottom 10th income percentile （百分位）were far lower than those in the top 10th percentile.Meanwhile? the overall test scores didn't shift for 17-year-olds during the study period. They did improve slightly for 13- to 15-year-olds, which suggests that federal programs for younger student

31、s have been helpful. But the lowest income students s till score much lower than the highest income students.“ Programs for older stare badly needed ，”says study coauthor Eric Hanushek? an education economist at Stanford University.achievement in high school leads to lower earning potential througho

32、ut adulthood. The next generation is going to look a lot like this generation. Kids from poor families will become poor themselves . ”Whether the problem is worsening, however, is up for debate. A 2011 study, conducted by Stanford education sociologist Sean Reardon, looked at 12 exams administered f

33、rom 1960 to 2007, and found that the gap in test scores between the poorest and the wealthiest students grew by 40 percent. It shows the poorest students lag about three to six years behind their wealthier peers in learning. Reardon suggested parents of means were increasingly investing in their chi

34、ldren's education, sharpening the divide.The different results between the new study and that conducted in 2011 come down to the fact that the researchers analyzed results from different tests and how they categorized （分類）family income level? sayseducation sociologist Anna Chmielewski. Hanushek

35、and Reardon agree that the income-related achievement gap is alarming.28. What does the result of the new study indicate?A. The poorest students lagging behind exists in specific age groups.B. A better standard for category should be adopted in the study.C. The federal education programs turned out

36、unsuccessful generally.D. A better school performance necessarily leads to higher income.29. How does the author present the serious issue?A. By showing the discussion result.B. By clarifying some points.C. By doing a questionnaire.D. By making a comparison.30. What may cause the different results o

37、f the two studies?A. The different countries.B. The analytical methods.C. The income assessments.D. The different ranges of age.31. Why does the income-related achievement gap concern people?A. It will disappear eventually.B. It will further widen the social gap.C. It results in the students blind c

38、ompetitions.D. It makes Americans smarter and richer.DScientists already know that plants are highly sensitive to touch of any kind. If you've ever touched Mimosa pudica （含羞草）,you've already witnessed its fan-like leaves close up. But most of the time? the effect is invisible? or immediately

39、 invisible. A recent study found that touching plants causes such a dramatic response in their hormones and gene expression that it could greatly prevent their growth.The team touched thale cress, a weedy plant, with soft paint brushes, and then analyzed the plant's biological responses. “ The l

40、ightest touch from a human? an animal? an insect? or even plants touching each other in the wind, causes a huge gene response in the plant," Jim Whelan, a biologist at La Trobe University in Australia? said in a statement. “ Withinm3in0utes of being touched, 10% of the plant's genome （基因組）i

41、s changed.Previous research has suggested that touch could actually be beneficial, because it stimulates （刺激）theplant's immune system. But this study found that the plants used many resources to respond to touch, which are then not available for growing. The researchers found if they touched a p

42、lant multiple times? this was enough to reduce its growth rate by as much as 30%. Other papers have similarly shown that touch can change plant growth； a paper released in 2016 found that even a gentle pat could change the expression of thousands of genes within the same plant.“ While plants don'

43、;t appear to complain when we step on them, or just brush by them while going for a walk, they're fully aware of this contact and rapidly respond to our treatment of them," said Olivier Van Aken, a plant biologist at the University of Western Australia.Whelan and his team uncovered more inf

44、ormation about the genetic pathways that are activated by touching a plant, which may be useful for developing more resilient （能復(fù)原的）plants. Whelan told the Sydney MorningHerald that the findings are likely most useful for the agriculture industry ： if plant scientists can find ways to change that de

45、fensive response, produce yields （產(chǎn)量）could potentially go up.32. How does touch prevent a plant growing?A. By causing genetic changes.B. By conveying harmful substances.C. By stopping it absorbing nutrients.D. By damaging its inner structure. 33. What can be concluded from Olivier Van Aken s words a

46、bout plants?A. They are easy to look after.B. They respond rapidly to any contact.C. They never have feelings for touch.D. They are allergic to any human activity. 34. What does the last paragraph focus on?A. The significance of the study.B. The approaches to the findings.C. The way to develop resil

47、ient plants.D. The information about increasing produce yields. 35. What can be the best title for the text?A. Plants' gene expression is defined by touchB. Touch will help increase produce yieldsC. Something is done to help plants growD. Plants don't really like to be touched 第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分

48、，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。As individuals age, many will experience decreased memory abilities. 36_Some signs include forgetting phone numbers? misplacing car keys? and struggling with name recall. This decline is associated with a routine that leaves parts of the brain unused.

49、Memory exercises can help keep typically unused parts of the brain active and improve memory abilities.37 It can be something as simple as going to a new restaurant for lunch, cooking something completely new? or visiting a friend in the next town for the weekend. New sensory stimulation can help re

50、fresh memory.Another easy way to improve memory is to use one's non-dominant hand to do simple tasks. For example, if one is right-handed? the left hand could be used to brush teeth or comb hair. 38 But in fact, a part of the brainis being used that is rarely put to work, making the brain strong

51、er.39 This might include studying a new language or researching how to do a math problem. And it does not have to be something traditionally thought of as brain stimulating. Learning a new craft or sport may also activate the brain in new ways.Not only can mind exercises improve memory, but physical

52、 exercise can as well. Studies show that exercise can improve memory abilities as it increases blood circulation and therefore more oxygen can reach the brain. 40 .A. This may feel slow and ineffective.B. Short-term memory is often the first to suffer.C. Talking with others can also improve one'

53、s memory.D. Even as little as 30 minutes of walking each day can help.E. Memory exercises can also be accomplished by learning new things.F. One type of memory exercise involves changing one's regular routine.G. Being alone can cause stress and depression, which affects memory negatively.第三部分語(yǔ)言知

54、識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分 45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Today was the fifth time that I had beaten Janice this year at tennis. I was beyond 41 of myself? but as Istepped out of the court and passed by Janice? I found she 42 not to see me without raising her head? and she w

55、as 43 beside her father. My mind was racing with 44.“ Why can't she ju45 the loss? Is she purposely trying tomess my confidence so I will not 46 my best in my next 47 ?”My heart pounded as I dropped my head and held legs tightly. In a few seconds, My 48 was burning from embarrassment? and withou

56、t even looking up, I could feel everyone's eyes looking at me 49_I came 50 to this tournament, because my parents were 3 ? 000 miles away. There was no one there to 51 me or stand up for me. I was by myself? facing so many 52 . Just then, a warm hand tapped me on my shoulder. I was 53 to look up

57、 as tears streamed down my face. The person who tapped me was Janice.I glared at her and actually 54 her to leave me alone. I expected her to start crying again and 55_ to her father. However, she sat down where I was without saying anything. After a few moments of 56,_she let out a big sighand apol

58、ogized for her unusual _57Janice glanced towards where I was looking at. She carefully got up and 58 me away from the court. As we were walking? I turned my head around to make eye 59 with her father. He caught me staring and he waved atme with smile. Without 60, I gave him abig smile and walked away? making sure that