魯教版七年級下冊unit5重要知識點精講

1、新魯教版七下unit5精講1. Jenny,can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?(33頁)On Satueday afternoon,“在周六下午”，當(dāng)具體到某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上時，用介詞on ，而不用in。on Monday evening 2. Sure，I'd love to .(33頁)I'd love to=I would like /love to .“我愿意”。常用來愉快地答應(yīng)對方的請求、建議、或邀請，其中to不能省略。Sorry。I can't。常用來拒絕別人的邀請。-can you

2、go shoppong with me?- Sure，I'd love to ./ Sorry。I can't.I have to do my homework.3.I have to help my parents.(33頁)解析have to “b必須；不得不”，強(qiáng)調(diào)由于外界客觀因素而不得不做某事，有人稱、數(shù)、時態(tài)的變化，后接動詞原形。He had to go there on foot because there was something wrong with his car.辨析have to;musthave to 表示客觀需要，有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化，其否定形式是

3、 don't have toMust表示說話人的主觀看法，認(rèn)為有必要或有義務(wù)去做某事，沒有時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化，其否定形式為mustn't“禁止”4Prepare for an exam.(第33頁)解析;1）prepare此處用作不及物動詞，“使做好準(zhǔn)備；把。準(zhǔn)備好”，其名詞形式為preparation，“準(zhǔn)備；準(zhǔn)備工作”，常用短語：2)prepare for sth?！盀槟呈伦鰷?zhǔn)備”。Sally is preparing for her performance now.薩利正在為表演做準(zhǔn)備。3)Prepare to do sth.”準(zhǔn)備做某事”。The Greens prepar

4、e to go on a vacation.格林一家準(zhǔn)備去度假。4)prepare還可作及物動詞，“準(zhǔn)備”，后接名詞或代詞作賓語。Our teacher is preparing his lessons.She prepared us a nice breakfast.5)exam 可數(shù)名詞?！翱荚嚒?，表示一次考試時，其前應(yīng)用an，即an exam。5.have the flu(第33頁)患感冒，表示狀態(tài)。flu是不可數(shù)名詞，“流行性感冒；流感”。Have在此意為“患上；遭受”，Tom doesn't go to school because he has the flu.拓展：hav

5、e表示“患病”的常用短語Have a cold感冒 have a cough 咳嗽Have a fever發(fā)燒 have a headache 頭疼Have a sore throat 喉嚨痛 have a toothache牙痛6.I'm sorry,I'm not available.很抱歉 ，我沒空。（34頁）Available形容詞，“有空的；可獲得的”，其同義詞是free。The doctor is not available now.醫(yī)生現(xiàn)在沒空。7.I have too much home work this weekend.（31頁）這個周末我有太多的家庭作業(yè)（

6、要做）。Too much意為“太多的”，常用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞。don't eat too much meat.辨析too much ;much tootoo much“太多”通常作定語，后跟不可數(shù)名詞，much too“極其；非常；太?！毕喈?dāng)于副詞very，常用來修飾形容詞或副詞。The students are much too tired after they finish too much homework.助記：去掉前詞看后頭，much可接不可數(shù)，too則修飾形adj?；蚋盿dv。8.oh,bot Sam isn't leaving until next Wednesd

7、ay.(第34頁)1）Until此處作介詞，其后跟名詞或名詞短語，“（表示動作、狀態(tài)的持續(xù)）到。時；直到。為止”。2)until還可作連詞，其后跟句子，表示動作、狀態(tài)持續(xù)到另一動作或狀態(tài)出現(xiàn)之前，意為“直到。為止”。Mary didn't go to bed until she finished reading that book last night.昨晚瑪麗直到讀完那本書才去睡覺。The children won't come home until it is dark.孩子們直到天黑才回家。3）Until用于肯定句時，主句的謂語為延續(xù)性動詞，表示該動作一直持續(xù)到until

8、所表示的時間。until用于否定句時，句子謂語常為非延續(xù)性動詞，此時until與not 構(gòu)成固定結(jié)構(gòu)，not。until，“直到。才”。I waited until three o'clock.The niose didn't stop until midnight.噪音一直到午夜才停止。He didn't go home until 8 o'clock last night.他昨晚直到八點才回家。9Can you hang out with us on Monday.(34頁)解析：hang out“常去某處；泡在某處”，其中hang為動詞，意為“懸掛；垂下”

9、，其過去式為hung。Where do you usually hang out with your friends?你通常和朋友們在哪閑逛？拓展;有hang構(gòu)成的短語Hang on 緊緊抓住 hang about （在某處附近）閑逛hang up 掛斷電話；懸掛；掛起10Catch you on Monday。解析1）此處catch you 常用于口語。“再見” 2）catch動詞，意為“及時趕上；接住；抓住”，其第三人稱單數(shù)catches，其過去式caught。He didn't catch my ball.I caught him just as he was leaving t

10、he buiding.拓展：由catch構(gòu)成的短語：catch a cold感冒 catch sb's eyes引起某人的注意 catch the train趕上火車 catch up with 趕上；跟上Catch hold of 抓住11.invite動詞，“邀請”。They invited me to a birthday party.常用搭配：invite sb。to +地點,“邀請某人去某地”She invited me to her house.Invite sb.to do sth.邀請某人做某事。The man invited Mary to dance with hi

11、m.12.accept動詞，“接受”。其反義詞refuse。I accepted his girt with pleasure.拓展receive動詞，“收到；接到”。一言辨析：He received a gift ,but he didn't accept it.Receive指客觀上“收到”，accept指主觀上（愿意）“接受”，客觀上receive，但主觀上不一定accept。13.I'm afraid not.恐怕不能。解析：I'm afraid。意為“恐怕?！?，用于推測令人不愉快的事。表示否定時，用I'm afraid not；表示肯定時，用I'

12、;m afraid so?！翱峙氯绱恕薄?look at the black coluds.It looks like rain.- I'm afraid so?！翱峙氯绱恕?。Can you go to the concert?-Sorry, I'm afraid not.恐怕不能.14.who are you going to the movies with?(35頁)解析：本句為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將來，英語中，一些表示位置移動的動詞，如go，come，move，fly等，均可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將來。Liu Hui is coming tonight.15.would like“

13、（表示意愿）愿意；喜歡”，（35頁）解析：would like 意為“想要”，相當(dāng)于want，但比want更委婉。Would like 沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，變一般疑問句時，只要把would提前即可。Would you like some bread?搭配：would like sth。想要某物I 'd like a bottle of water。Would like to do sth。想要做某事。We'd like to go to the zoo.Would like sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事。=want sb.to do sth.They 'd

14、 like you to help them.16.refuse,動詞，“拒絕；”Refuse to do sth. “拒絕做某事”。注意：refuse只接動詞不定式，不能接v-ing形式。沒有refuse sb.to do sth. 的搭配。Refuse后也不能接賓語從句。Section B 部分1. the day before yesterday.前天（第36頁） 是一般過去時的標(biāo)志之一。Where did you go the day before yesterday.2. the day after tomorrow 后天（第36頁）是一般將來時的標(biāo)志之一。They will fly

15、 to Beijing the day after tomorrow.3.weekday,可數(shù)名詞，“工作日（星期一到星期五的如何一天）”，常用短語on weekdays，“在工作日；平日里（指星期一到星期五）”。拓展weekend名詞，“周末”，on/at weekends“在周末”。指星期六和星期天，(用介詞 at 為英國英語，用 on 為美國英語)，I only work on weekdays,not on weekends3. What's today?(第36頁)今天是什么日期/日子？1）是詢問日期和星期的常用語。用來提問今天是幾號、星期幾?；卮饡r，通常用星期和日期，一般星

16、期在前，日期在后。也可以用節(jié)日。-What's today?-It's Teachers'Day.-What's today?-It's Friday the third.2）拓展：如果詢問星期幾，要用whatday is it today？-It's Monday?；卮鹨眯瞧?。3）詢問日期，要用what's the date today?“今天是幾月 幾號？”回答要用日期。It's March 18th.4. look after his sister.(第36頁)1)look after“照料；照顧”，相當(dāng)于take car

17、e of。Don 't worry.The teacher will look after these children.2)注意：如果表示“好好照顧”。用look after.well，或 take good care of。You should look after the dog well.=You should take good care of the dog.3)有關(guān)look的短語；look at 看 look for 尋找 look around 環(huán)視 look forward to 期盼；盼望 look out 小心，look up 仰視；查閱5.Can you pla

18、y tennis with me .(第36頁)Play tennis，“打網(wǎng)球”，play與球類名詞連用，球類名詞前不能加任何冠詞；而當(dāng)play與西洋樂器名詞連用時，西洋樂器名詞前必須加定冠詞the。Play basketball，play soccer，play the piano，play the violin拉小提琴5. turn down an invitation.(第37頁)解析1)turn down 此處意為“拒絕”，相當(dāng)于refuse。為“動詞+副詞”類短語，當(dāng)人稱代詞作其賓語時，應(yīng)方在turn和down 之間。Why did you turn down his invita

19、tion?2）turn down，還可表示“調(diào)低”。Please turn down the radio;I am trying to sleep.3）有關(guān)turn的常用短語Turn on打開 turn off 關(guān)閉 turn up 調(diào)高Turn over 翻身 take turns依次；輪流6. What a good idea.(第37頁)解析這是一個有what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句。其機(jī)構(gòu)為“whata/an+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+（主語+謂語）”。！What a beautiful girl (she is)！拓展;其他常見的感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu);1） what+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+（主語+

20、謂語）！What dilicious food!2） how +形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語！How beautiful she is !How well she play the piano!What an interesting book it is!=How interesting the book is!7. she helped me to improve my English so much.(第37頁)解析1）help sb to do sth，“幫助某人做某事”，也可省略to。Can you help me (to)perpare for the party?3） help sb.

21、with sth.“在 在某方面幫助某人”Mr。Zhang often helps me with my English.4)help oneself to sth.“隨便吃某物”。Help yourselves to some fish.5)so much,“如此多”，其中so起加強(qiáng)語氣的作用，so much 后可接不可數(shù)名詞，也可修飾動詞，作狀語。There was so much niose outside.Thank you so much.8. I'm sad to see her go,and this partyis the best way to say “thank

22、you and goodbye.”(第37頁) 解析1)sad形容詞，“令人悲傷的；令人難過的”，其比較級是sadder，最高級是saddest。名詞形式是sadness“悲傷；悲痛”I 'm so sad to hear the bad news.2）see sb. do sth.“看見某人做某事”，如果表示”看見某人正在做某事”，則用“see sb.doing sth.”I often see the boy play soccer in the park.I saw the boy playing soccer when I walked in the park.3)the be

23、st way to do sth.“做某事的最好方法/方式”。The best way to remember new words is repeating.9.My family is taking a trip to Wuhan at the end of this month to visit my aunt and uncle.(第37頁)解析1）take a trip，“去旅行”。I want to take a trip to Beijing next year.聯(lián)想；go on a trip去旅行2）at the end of “在。的末尾；在。的盡頭”，可以表示時間，也可以表示

24、地點。You can see a bookstore at the end of the road.At the end of the month,we 'll have an exam.拓展:by the end of 意為“到。末為止”，We have learned 1,000 words by the end of last month.In the end,“最后；終于”，與finally，at last同義。He found the bag in the end.9.however,I'd still be glad to help out with any of

25、the party preparations,like planning the game.(第37頁)解析1）glad形容詞，“高興的；愿意的”。I 'm glad to help you. I'm glad to see you. 2）any of the party preparations,聚會準(zhǔn)備中的任何事，any 在此句中用作代詞，“無論哪個；任何一個/一些”。They 're all free-take any of them you like.3)拓展：glad的用法be glad to do sth.樂意做某事 I'm glad to visi

26、t you。be glad +that 從句，高興。I'm glad (that)you're safe.be glad about對。感到高興。He is glad about his new job.9. Let me know if you need my help.(第37)解析1)if連詞，如果注意：在含有if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句用一般將來時，if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。If it doesn't rain tomorrow,we will go out.2)if 作連詞，還可意為“是否”。I don't know if he wil

27、l come to the party.我不知道他是否會來參加聚會。10.As I'm sure you know by now, our favorite teacher,Ms.Steen,is leaving soon to go back to the US.。（第37頁）解析1）by now“到現(xiàn)在為止”，by在此意為“在。之前；不遲于”。相當(dāng)于so far。Can you reply to my letter by Friday？2）is leaving “將要離開”，相當(dāng)于 is going to leave ，是用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示按計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作。I 'm

28、leaving tomorrow.3)在英語中，表示位置移動的非延續(xù)性動詞，通常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示即將發(fā)生的動作，還有come ，go等。11.To show how much we're going to miss her,let's have a surprise party for her next Friday the 28th!(第37頁)為了表達(dá)我們將多么的想念她，讓我們在28號，也就是下周五，為她舉辦一個驚喜聚會吧！解析：1）miss 動詞，“思念；想念”。The little girl misses her parents very much.2)miss作動詞時

29、，還可意為“錯過”，Miss，名詞，“小姐”。Don't miss the good chance。別錯過這個機(jī)會。4） surprise名詞，“驚奇；驚訝”。What a surprise to meet you here!真想不到會在這里遇見你！3）to one's surprise 令人驚奇的是To our surprise,the old man is still learn English.令我們驚訝的是，這位老人還在學(xué)習(xí)英語。5） surprise party“驚喜派對；驚喜聚會”。12.Bring Ms.Steen to the party without tel

30、ling her so that she can be surprised.(第37頁)解析1）without介詞，“沒有；不”。其后可接動名詞、人稱代詞賓格形式或名詞。Without的反義詞為with。They left without saying goodbye.2）一般情況下，含有without的句子可和if。not 。的句子進(jìn)行互換。I couldn't finish the work without your help.=If you didn't help me,I couldn't finish the work）so that,意為“以便；為的是”，在

31、此引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，常與may，can ，could等連用。I got up early so that I could catch up with the bus.4)so that還可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，需用逗號隔開，常用于一般過去時，表示過去的情形。He raised his voice,sothat every heard him.6） 辨析：surprised；surprising與surprisesurprised形容詞，感到驚訝的，主語通常是人，surprising形容詞，主語通常是物surprise名詞，驚奇，驚訝surprise動詞，使驚訝；是感到意外13.I look for

32、ward to hearing from you all.(第37頁)解析：1）look forward to,意為“期待；期盼”，其中to為介詞，其后可跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。I am looking forwad to my summer vacation.Nancy looks forward to being a doctor.I am looking forward to visiting HongKong.2)hear from “收到。的來信”。It was great to hear from you.收到你的來信真是太好了。注意：hear from后跟sb，不跟lette

33、r。Hear from sb.相當(dāng)于 receive/get a letter from sb. I heard from my mother last week.=I received a letter from my mother last week.拓展;hear of=hear about“聽說”。I heard of the story.我聽說過這個故事。Write to sb?！敖o某人寫信”Kate writes to her parents once a month.凱特一個月給父母寫一次信。14.Hope you can make it.(第38頁)期待您的光臨。解析make

34、it，“能夠出場或出席”，在約定時間內(nèi)感到。相當(dāng)于arrive on time.I 'm sorry I won't be able to make it on Saturday.很抱歉，星期六我不能出席。拓展：make it的其他用法；make it 獲得成功，After years of hard work,he finally made it .多年的辛勤勞動后，他終于成功了。make it 準(zhǔn)時到達(dá)，If werun,we should make it.如果我們跑得話，應(yīng)該來得及。15.After this ,you can enjoy our school concert.（第39頁）在這之后，你可以欣賞我們學(xué)校的音樂會。解析concert，名詞，“音樂會；演奏會”。搭配：give a concert ;舉辦音樂會；go to the concert參加音樂會The famous singer will give a concert in our city.那位著名的歌手將在我市舉行音樂會。We had dinner together,and then went to the concert.16.I would als