世紀商務(wù)英語外貿(mào)英語第二版課后翻譯、術(shù)語、填空答案

1、大連理工大學(xué)出版社international trade(world trade, foreign trade, overseas trade)1. 國際貿(mào)易2. 比較優(yōu)勢3. 規(guī)模經(jīng)濟4. 經(jīng)濟增長5. 外匯6. 有形貿(mào)易7. 無形貿(mào)易8. 貿(mào)易差額9. 貿(mào)易順差10. 貿(mào)易逆差comparative advantage economy of scaleeconomic growthforeign currency/exchangevisible tradeinvisible tradebalance of trade/trade balancetrade surplus/positive

2、balance of tradetrade deficit/negative balance of trade大連理工大學(xué)出版社description of commodity1. 商品描述2. 對等樣品3. 復(fù)樣4. 參考樣品5. 憑規(guī)格買賣6. 良好平均品質(zhì)7. 上好適銷品質(zhì)8. 品牌9. 商標10. 品質(zhì)公差counter sampleduplicate sampleoriginal samplereference samplesale by specificationsFAQGMQbrandtrade mark大連理工大學(xué)出版社quality tolerance11. 品質(zhì)機動幅度12

3、. 數(shù)量13. 計量單位14. 公噸15. 溢短裝條款16. 包裝17. 紙箱18. 裝運標志/嘜頭19. 指示性標志20. 警告性標志quality latitudequantityunit of measurementmetric tonmore or less clausepackingshipping markindicative markswarning marks 大連理工大學(xué)出版社trade barrier11. 貿(mào)易壁壘12. 非關(guān)稅壁壘 13. 財政關(guān)稅14. 保護關(guān)稅15. 進口關(guān)稅16. 出口關(guān)稅17. 從量稅18. 從價稅19. 進口許可證20. 配額non-tarif

4、f barrierrevenue tariffprotection tariffimport dutyexport dutyspecific dutyad valorem dutyImport licensequota大連理工大學(xué)出版社unit price1. 單價2. 總值3. 歐元4. 英鎊5. 價格術(shù)語6. 計價貨幣7. 支付貨幣8. 本幣total amountEUR/EuroGBPprice termmoney/currency of accountmoney/currency of paymenthome currency大連理工大學(xué)出版社hard currency9. 硬(通)貨

5、幣10. 軟(通)貨幣11. 匯率12. 外匯保值條款13. 中間商14. 明傭15. 現(xiàn)金折扣16. 數(shù)量折扣soft currencyexchange rateexchange proviso clauseintermediaryplain commissioncash discountquantity discount大連理工大學(xué)出版社cfs/container freight station11. 集裝箱堆場12. 多式聯(lián)運13. 托運人14. 收貨人15. 裝運時間16. 裝運港17. 目的港18. 分批裝運19. 轉(zhuǎn)運20. 裝運通知multimodal transportcons

6、ignorconsigneetime of shipmentport of shipmentport of destinationshipping notice/advicepartial shipmenttransshipment大連理工大學(xué)出版社insurance coverage11. 保險險別/范圍12. 平安險13. 水漬險14. 一切險15. 戰(zhàn)爭險16. 保險單17. 保險憑證18. 預(yù)約/開口保單19. 聯(lián)合憑證20. 批單FPAWPAAll RisksWar Riskinsurance policyinsurance certificateopen policycombine

7、d certificateendorsement大連理工大學(xué)出版社insurer 1. 承保人/保險人2. 投保人/被保險人3. 保（險）費4. 保險金額5. 全部損失6. 部分損失7. 共同海損8. 單獨海損9. 施救費用10. 救助費用insuredpremiuminsured amounttotal losspartial lossgeneral averageparticular averagesue and labor expensessalvage charge 大連理工大學(xué)出版社mode of transport1. 運輸方式2. 班輪3. 不定期輪4. 程租船5. 期租船6.

8、鐵路運輸7. 集裝箱運輸8. 整箱貨9. 拼箱貨10. 集裝箱貨運站sea transportliner tramprail transportroad transportair transportcontainer transportFCL/full container loadLCL/less than container load大連理工大學(xué)出版社draft/bill of exchange 1. 匯票2. 出票人3. 受票人/付款人4. 受款人5. 支票6. 本票7. 支付方式8. 匯付9. 信匯10. 電匯drawerdrawee/payerpayeecheckpromissory

9、noteterm of paymentremittance/remitmail transfer (M/T)telegraphic transfer (T/T)大連理工大學(xué)出版社demand draft (D/D)11. 票匯12. 不可撤銷信用證13. 保兌信用證14. 即期信用證15. 遠期信用證16. 不可轉(zhuǎn)讓信用證17. 跟單托收18. 承兌交單19. 即期付款交單20. 遠期付款交單irrevocable L/Cconfirmed L/Csight L/Cusance/time L/Cnon-transferable L/Cdocumentary collectionDocument

10、s against Acceptance (D/A)Documents against Payment/D/P at sightDocuments against Payment/D/P after sight 大連理工大學(xué)出版社inspection certificate of quality1. 質(zhì)量檢驗證書2. 數(shù)量檢驗證書3. 重量檢驗證書4. 價值檢驗證書5. 原產(chǎn)地證6. 異議7. 索賠inspection certificate of quantityinspection certificate of weightinspection certificate of valuece

11、rtificate of origindiscrepancyclaim大連理工大學(xué)出版社penalty8. 罰金9. 賠償10. 不可抗力11. 仲裁機構(gòu)12. 仲裁庭13. 裁決14. 審理compensate/compensationforce majeurearbitration agencyarbitration tribunal(tribunal) awardhearing大連理工大學(xué)出版社applicant1. 開證申請人2. 受益人3. 開證行4. 通知行5. 保兌行6. 代理行7. 議付行8. 償付行9. 付款行10. 有效期11. 承兌12. 修改通知書Beneficiary

12、opening bank/issuing bankadvising bank/notifying bankconfirming bankcorrespondent banknegotiating bankreimbursing bankpaying bankvalidityacceptance/acceptamendment notification大連理工大學(xué)出版社 Experience has shown that the packing used in transportation of goods for home trade is not usually _ to foreign s

13、hipping. Most foreign shipping takes many weeks or months to reach its destination and frequently _ rough handling in loading and _. Therefore, packing must be strong enough. Of course, consideration must also be _ to packing cost and the weather conditions through which the ship sails en route and

14、those in the country of _. Besides, the seller has to _ the shipment as lightly and compactly as possible in order to _ the freight charges. However, strength and appearance should not be_ for a saving in freight.suitedundergoesunloading givendestinationpackminimizesacrificed大連理工大學(xué)出版社Each country ha

15、s its own _ and, since exchange rates are continuously changing, the exporter is faced with _. The danger is that the rate of exchange will change between the date of the _ and the date of payment. Rates of exchange can _ rapidly, particularly when there is no international _ to fix the rates for a

16、particular currency. The banks can help the exporter to overcome this _ by providing forward exchange cover. Then it would be the bank which _ the loss if and when one currency falls in value, but he will make a profit if the currency _ in value.currencyuncertaincontractfluctuateagreementproblemsuff

17、ersrises大連理工大學(xué)出版社The CIF contract is a type of contract which is more widely and more frequently in use than any other contracts used for _ of sea- borne business. A large number of _ are carried out every year under CIF contracts.The sellers obligations under CIF contract have been _ as follows:(1)

18、 to ship the goods as contained in the contract at the port of _;(2) to obtain a contract under which the goods will be _ at the destination stipulated in the contract;(3) to arrange for a/an _upon the terms current in the trade which will be available for the benefits of the buyer;(4) to make out a

19、/an _ with the agreed price, or the actual cost, commission charges, freight, insurance premium and so on;(5) to _ the relative documents to the buyer to enable him to obtain delivery of the goods.purposestransactionsdefinedshipmentdeliveredinsuranceinvoicesubmit大連理工大學(xué)出版社 In _ port of shipment and p

20、ort of destination, several considerations must be made. First, try to make the port clear if possible. Second, make some flexibility by _ optional ports because sometimes when the contract is _, it might not be possible to _ precisely on the exact point where the goods should be delivered by the se

21、ller for carriage or at the final destination. Third, consider _ factors. For example, when a country is _ an international sanction, sellers might want to _ going to the port in that country. Fourth, consider port _, facilities and charges.choosingallowingdecideunderavoidundergoesundergoesundergoes

22、大連理工大學(xué)出版社Insurance is the business for providing financial _ for losses that the insured suffers. The payments are made from the pool of insurance _ and returns on investment of the insurance company. Insurance premiums are the money the _ pays to an insurance company for taking out an insurance _.

23、It is _ according to the value of what is insured and the scope of insurance _ desired. An insurance policy is the document issued by the insurer to the insured after premium is paid. It sets out the exact terms in an insurance transaction such as the insurance coverage, the insured amount, the prem

24、ium rate and the insurance duration. The insurance policy is the key document for the insured to _ a claim in the event of losses. If all the required documents are found in order and the cause of the loss an insured risk, the insurance company pays indemnity which is expressed as the insured value.

25、 An insurance _ can be considered as a simplified form of insurance pensationpremiumsinsuredpolicycalculatedcoveragelodgecertificate大連理工大學(xué)出版社Payment either by remittance or by _ depends on the commercial credit of the traders, while, under L/C, it is the _ credit that both parties count on. This sol

26、ves the possible problems arising from the _ between the exporter and the importer as an L/C enables the exporter to _ on a named bank when he _ the required documents. Thus, under L/C, the exporter feels assured that so long as he has made the _ of the goods and got the required _, he can get the p

27、ayment in due course and the importer also feels at ease that he can get the shipping documents when he effects the _ of the goods.collectionbankdistrustdrawpresentsdeliverydocuments payment大連理工大學(xué)出版社More and more great corporations have come to consider their “natural” markets to be the globe, not j

28、ust their _ countries. The struggle in automobiles, computers, telecommunications and steel is for shares of a world _. This is the way we find the _ like IBM or GM considering the whole globe as their “sourcing” of _ materials, the location of production and the place of sales effort. With modern r

29、apid air _, instant global data information and highly organized systems of _, the manufacture of commodities is more and more easily moved to the countries that produce them more cheaply, and their sale is _ on the countries that represent the richest markets. Thus, we have a radio whose spare part

30、s have been made in Hong Kong, assembled in Mexico and _ in the United States. homemarketcompaniesrawtransportationproductionfocusedsold 大連理工大學(xué)出版社Arbitration is a procedure whereby a dispute is _ for a final and binding decision to a person or persons rather than the courts. Arbitration may be _ in

31、certain cases by statute. However, such cases are rare, and the right to arbitrate usually _ from the arbitration clause in a contract or an arbitration _. The parties are obligated to arbitrate only those issues that they have agreed to _. The term “award” describes the _ of the arbitrators. An awa

32、rd is _ on all issues submitted and may be judicially _. Once an issue is submitted for arbitration, it is no longer open to judicial review.submittedrequiredarisesagreementarbitratedecisionbindingenforced 大連理工大學(xué)出版社A documentary _ is a written undertaking of a bank, made at the request of the import

33、er, to pay the exporter a sum of amount against documents.The _ is the party in whose favor the letter of credit is issued, and who is entitled to receive the payment, that is, the exporter.The _ is the party who applies for the opening of a letter of credit, that is, the importer.The _ bank is loca

34、ted in the importers country and opens the letter of credit on behalf of the importer.The _ bank is located in the exporters country, and informs the exporter that a letter of credit has been opened in his favor and transfers the L/C to the exporter.letter of creditbeneficiaryapplicantopeningadvisin

35、g大連理工大學(xué)出版社The _ bank buys an exporters draft submitted to it under a letter of credit and then forwards the draft and documents to the paying bank for reimbursement.The _ bank is requested to add its own commitment to the letter of credit.The _ bank makes payment to the beneficiary against presentat

36、ion of required documents. It is usually the opening bank but can also be a third designated bank.The _ bank is located in the third country and reimburses the money to the negotiating bank on behalf of the opening bank.A _ or second beneficiary is the person to whom the L/C is made available in who

37、le or in part by the prime beneficiary.negotiatingconfirmingpayingreimbursing transferee大連理工大學(xué)出版社Exporters _ to be paid by L/C may be sadly disappointed. Although L/C is _ as one of the most secure means of obtaining prompt payment for sales of goods, exporters should be made to _ that they can neve

38、r totally _ the payment process. It is difficult to obtain _ from banks on how often letters of credit go wrong. Since banks are selling a product, it is understandable that there is little _ on their part in letting the public know how often the product does not work. In practice, delayed opening o

39、f the L/C and _ between L/C and contract or other regulations often occur and _ the payment in international trade.expectingconsideredunderstandcontrolinformationinterestdiscrepancies influence大連理工大學(xué)出版社3. Tolerance means the permissible range within which the quality supplied by the seller may be ei

40、ther superior or inferior to the quality stipulated in the contract.公差指賣方交貨品質(zhì)優(yōu)于或劣于合同規(guī)定質(zhì)量的許可范圍。4. It is very difficult to measure accurately some agricultural and mineral products like corn, wheat, coal, etc., then a “more or less clause”, also called “plus or minus clause”, may be used to allow some

41、 tolerance in the quantity.有時難以保證裝運商品的數(shù)量與合同規(guī)定完全相符，因此會使用溢短裝條款或稱增減條款以允許數(shù)量差額。大連理工大學(xué)出版社5. Unless there is a stipulation that the quantity of the goods must not be exceeded or reduced, or the goods are to be calculated by number of package, 5% more or less of the goods in quantity should be accepted.如果未規(guī)

42、定商品質(zhì)量不能增加或者減少，則可有5%的增減幅度。6. Packing should be designed according to the need of the cargo. Bulk cargoes require little packing. General merchandises require adequate packing of various types.包裝應(yīng)按貨物的需要來設(shè)計。散裝貨幾乎不用包裝，大路貨需要不同類型的合適包裝。大連理工大學(xué)出版社7. 我方對產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量很滿意，想知道它們是怎么包裝的。We appreciate the quality of your pr

43、oducts but would like to know how they are packed.8. 豆子是以散裝或尼龍袋供應(yīng)的。The beans are supplied in bulk or in gunny bags.大連理工大學(xué)出版社9. 我方采用紙箱而非木箱，因為紙箱同樣適用于海上運輸，但成本更少，重量更輕。We have now adopted carton packing instead of wooden cases as the former is just as seaworthy as the latter while the cost is less and th

44、e weight lighter.10. 每罐裝330毫升零度可口可樂，每24罐裝一紙箱。Pack the Coco Cola Zero in tins of 330ml each, 24 tins to a carton. 大連理工大學(xué)出版社1. A unit price consists of four parts: currency unit, unit price figure, measuring unit and price terms.單價由四部分組成：計價貨幣、單位價格金額、計量單位和價格術(shù)語。2. In ISO 4217 Currency Code List, the cur

45、rency code is composed of the countrys two character Internet country code plus an extra character to denote the currency unit.在國際標準化組織4217貨幣代碼表中，貨幣代碼由國家網(wǎng)絡(luò)代碼的兩個字母和代表計價單位的另一個字母組成。大連理工大學(xué)出版社3. Total amount equals to the unit price multiplied by the quantity of the goods. It is oftenshown in the contrac

46、t not only in Arabic numbers but also in English words.總值等于單價乘以商品的數(shù)量。合同中的總值不止用阿拉伯數(shù)字表示，還用英文字表示。 4. Theoretically, use of hard currency as payment currency is more favorable to the exporter, while the importer prefers to pay in soft currency.理論上來說，以硬通貨幣作為支付貨幣對出口商來說更有利，而進口商更愿意用軟貨幣。大連理工大學(xué)出版社5. Foreign e

47、xchange rate is the price relationship between the currencies of two countries or the price of one currency in terms of the other.匯率就是兩國貨幣間的價格關(guān)系或一種貨幣相對于另一種貨幣的價格。6. Plain commission is often represented by a capital letter “C” followed a percentage ofcommission rate, which is inserted into the price

48、term, for example,“USD200.00 per M/TCIFC2% London”.明傭通常用大寫字母“C”加上傭金的百分率，嵌入價格術(shù)語中來表示，如“CIF倫敦價每公噸200美元含2%傭金?！贝筮B理工大學(xué)出版社7. 該報盤以我方最終確認為準。The offer is subject to our final confirmation.8. 你方如果不把價格降到市場價格水平就沒有希望做成買賣。It will be hopeless to get the business if you dont bring your price into line with the world

49、 market.大連理工大學(xué)出版社9. 請報最優(yōu)惠的CIF倫敦價，包括3%傭金在內(nèi)。Wed like to have your most favorable CIF London price, including 3% commission.10. 價格是上海工廠交貨價每公噸300英鎊。The price is GBP 300 per metric ton EXW Shanghai.大連理工大學(xué)出版社1. Trade terms, also called price terms or delivery terms, are an important part of a unit price i

50、n international trade, standing for specific responsibilities and obligations of both the buyer and the seller.貿(mào)易術(shù)語，又稱價格術(shù)語或交貨術(shù)語，是國際貿(mào)易中單價條款的重要組成部分，代表買賣雙方各自特定的責任和義務(wù)。2. FCA requires the seller to clear the goods for export, where applicable.FCA 要求賣方在需要時辦理出口清關(guān)手續(xù)。大連理工大學(xué)出版社3. Under CPT, the seller must co

51、ntract for and pay the costs of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named place of destination.CPT下，賣方必須訂立運輸合同，自付費用將貨物運至指定的目的地。4. Under CIP, the seller also contracts for insurance cover against the buyer s risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage.CIP下，賣方還必須訂立保險合同以防買方貨物在運輸

52、途中滅失或損壞風(fēng)險。大連理工大學(xué)出版社5. When CPT, CIP, CFR or CIF are used, the seller fulfils its obligation to deliver when ithands the goods over to the carrier and not when the goods reach the place of destination.在CPT, CIP, CFR或CIF 適用的情形下，賣方的交貨義務(wù)在將貨物交付承運人，而非貨物到達指定目的地時，即告完全履行。6. 賣方必須支付在需要辦理海關(guān)手續(xù)時，貨物出口應(yīng)交納的一切關(guān)稅、稅款和其

53、他費用。The seller must pay, where applicable, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export, as well as all duties, taxes and other charges payable upon export.大連理工大學(xué)出版社7. CFR適用于海洋運輸和內(nèi)河沿運，而CPT則適于任何運輸方式。CFR is only applied to sea and inland waterway transport while CPT may be used for any mode o

54、f transport.8. 賣方必須按照銷售合同提供貨物和商業(yè)發(fā)票。The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice in conformity with the contract of sale. 大連理工大學(xué)出版社9. 自賣方交貨之時起，買方必須承擔貨物滅失或損壞的一切風(fēng)險。The buyer bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time the goods have been delivered.10. FOB是指賣方在指定的裝運港，

55、將貨物交至買方指定的船只上，或者指（中間銷售商）設(shè)法獲取按該種交付方式交付的貨物。FOB means that the seller delivers the goods on board the vessel nominated by the buyer at the named port of shipment or procures the goods already so delivered. 大連理工大學(xué)出版社1. A liner operates over a regular route, stops at fixed ports according to an advertise

56、d schedule. Its freight is relatively fixed with loading and unloading charges included.集裝箱運輸可以提供整裝整交的門到門服務(wù)、整裝散交下的門到站服務(wù)、拼裝散交下的站到站服務(wù)和拼裝整交下的站到門服務(wù)。2. Multimodal transport means the carriage of cargoes by at least two modes of transport on the basis of a multimodal transport contract and only one multim

57、odal transport operator (MTO) is responsible for taking the cargoes from the consignor and delivering them to the consignee.這是指在一份多式聯(lián)運合同下，采用兩種或兩種以上運輸方式，由一個多式聯(lián)運經(jīng)營人負責將貨物從發(fā)貨人運至收貨人的運輸方式。大連理工大學(xué)出版社5. The seller shall notify the buyer in a shipping notice the contract number, name of commodity, quantity, n

58、ame of vessel, date of shipment, etc. immediately after effecting shipment so that the buyer can make preparation for receiving the goods at the place of destination.賣方應(yīng)在裝運通知，通知買方合同號，商品名稱，數(shù)量，船名，裝運日期，裝運等后，買家可以在目的地的接收貨物的制備。6. 我方得到通知，無法提前裝運，只能延期到下個月。We have received notice that delivery has to be put o

59、ff to early next month.大連理工大學(xué)出版社7. 對于CIF合同，我方一般規(guī)定裝運港為“中國港口”，這樣便于在就近口岸裝運。As a rule, we stipulate “China Port” as the port of loading, so it will be convenient to ship the goods at a near port.8. 我方可以把貨物從汕頭經(jīng)香港轉(zhuǎn)運到大阪。We can have the goods shipped from Shantou to Osaka via Hong Kong, where they can be tr

60、ansshipped.大連理工大學(xué)出版社9. 如合同規(guī)定“4到6月3等批每月裝運一批”，則每批裝運都形成一份獨立的合同。As the contract provided, goods are requested to be shipped in three equal monthly installments daring April to June ,each forms a separate contract. 10. 貨物將于5月初到達你方港口，屆時我方將電話通知你方。It will reach your port of destination in early May. We shal