人教版必修一Unit4Earthquakesgrammar學(xué)案2

1、unit 4 earthquakes學(xué)案grammar - the attributive clause 定語(yǔ)從句（一）part one: 定語(yǔ)的介紹the kinds of the attribute:（定語(yǔ)的定義及種類）劃出下列語(yǔ)句中的定語(yǔ)成分。1.he is an honest boy.2.we love our country.3.whats your telephone number?4the girl in red is my sister.5.the man who lives next to us sells vegetables.定語(yǔ)是對(duì)名詞或代詞進(jìn)行_的句子成分。可以由形容

2、詞、代詞、數(shù)量詞、名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)以及從句來(lái)充當(dāng)。the positions of the attribute:（定語(yǔ)的位置）1. this is a flower basket.2. this is a basket full of flowers.3. this is a basket that i want to put flowers in.1.單個(gè)的詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)放于被修飾詞的_. 2.短語(yǔ)或從句作定語(yǔ)時(shí)常放于被修飾詞的_.part two: 定語(yǔ)從句的介紹 （一）the attributive clause（定語(yǔ)從句） 概念: 定語(yǔ)從句: 在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句. 作用: 相

3、當(dāng)于定語(yǔ),用來(lái)修飾某一名詞,代詞或整個(gè)主句.1) the boy who is reading a book over there is my friend. 2) all that glitters is not gold.被修飾詞分別為：_; _ ，這樣的詞被稱之為先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句分別為：1）_2) _其中請(qǐng)大家分析who 和 that 的功能; 我們稱之為關(guān)聯(lián)詞或者引導(dǎo)詞。_ _ 特點(diǎn)及特殊規(guī)則 引導(dǎo)詞的分類從 when; which, that; who中選擇合適的詞完整下列語(yǔ)句：1. well remember those days _ we played by the sea.2.

4、 well remember those days _ we spent together.歸納：根據(jù)先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作的成分，可將引導(dǎo)詞分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。若是在從句中作_，用關(guān)系副詞（when,where,why）若是在從句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系代詞（_, _, _, _, _, _） 關(guān)系代詞的句法功能及指代功能1) they planted the trees which didnt need much water. 2) the fish which we bought were not fresh. 歸納：關(guān)系代詞_在從句中作_或_，指_。1) the foreigne

5、r who visited our school yesterday is from canada.2) the boy who broke the window is called michael. 3) the person to whom you just talked is mr. li. 4) mr. read is the professor to whom you should write. 歸納：關(guān)系代詞_ ;_在從句中分別作_和_,指_1)a plane is a machine that can fly.2)the noodles that i looked were de

6、licious.3)lets ask the man that is reading the book over there.4)the girl that we saw yesterday is jimsister. 歸納 :關(guān)系代詞_在從句中分別作_和_,指_或_.1) miss flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.2) this is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of .3) this is the book whose =( _ _ _)cover

7、is blue歸納 ：關(guān)系代詞_是關(guān)系代詞who的所有格形式，在從句中只作_, 指_ 或_. whose經(jīng)常后接名詞，這結(jié)構(gòu)可以用the+名詞of+whom/which來(lái)替換，意義不變。 使用關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要注意幾點(diǎn)：（1）whom, which作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，介詞一般可以放在它們的前面，也可以放在從句原來(lái)的位置上，但是含有介詞的動(dòng)詞固定詞組中，介詞應(yīng)該放在原來(lái)的位置上。 1. there is a room which you study in.there is a room_ _ you study.2. rose is the student whom you should (照

8、顧)（2）指物時(shí)只用that不用which的情況：(口頭翻譯下列例句).當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞時(shí)，如：all, everything, anything, nothing, much, few, little, none, the one等。 eg: all that can be done has been done.先行詞前有the only, few, one of, little, no, all, every, very等詞修飾時(shí)。 eg: australia is the only country that is also a continent.先行詞被序數(shù)詞first, last,

9、 next等或形容詞的最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。 eg: this is the first letter that ive written in english.當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。 eg: they talked about the teachers and the schools (that) they had visited.當(dāng)主句是以who, which, 開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)。eg: who is the man that is waiting at the bus stop?（3）只用which不用that的情況先行詞在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。his money was stol

10、en by a thief, which made him very sad.當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞。this is the factory in which my mother works. （4）關(guān)系代詞who,which, that,在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)必須必須和先行詞保持一致。anyone who _ over 20 can join the army.i ,who _ your friend , will help you.part three: 練一練(一) 選擇正確答案1. this is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday

11、. a. that b. who c. whom d. this 2.i know the student _you borrowed the pen.a. that b. from whom c. from which d. whom3. is this the factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? a. the one b. which c. who d. whom4. is this factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? a. the one b. that c. which

12、d. /5. the only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. a. which b. that c. / d. it 6. _ cleans the blackboard should be praised. a. that b. who c. the one who d. the students who 7.i know the boy _you gave the book _.a. whom; to b. which; to c. to whom; to d. that; to him8. this is the be

13、st book _ i have been looking for all this year. a. who b. whom c. which d. / （二）找出錯(cuò)誤并改正corrections:1. the man just said hello to me is my chemistry teacher.2. who is the comrade you just shook hands with him.3. egypt is a country where is famous for its pyramids.4. this is the best dictionary which

14、 i have ever used.5. the house where we live in is not very large.6. the house that it was built in 1970 stayed up in the earthquake.（三）定語(yǔ)從句的運(yùn)用our class is a big family ; it consists of 12 girls and 50 boys. most of them are mainly from the countryside. zhao qiang is a kind-hearted boy. he is always ready to help others. he is such a good boy that