牛津英語模塊五Unit1知識點總結doc

1、 Unit 1 Getting along with others一、詞組：1. keep one's word keep one's promise 遵守諾言 break one's word break ones promise 違背諾言 have a word with sb.和某人談一兩句話, 和某人談談have no words for sth.難以用言語形容某事have words with和.爭論/爭吵in a one word一句話, 總而言之in other words換句話說, 也就是說in word口頭上beyond words無法用語言表達 ea

2、t one's words (被迫)收回前言, 承認說錯get word獲得消息, 聽說, 得知 leave word留言, 留下字條或口信word for word逐詞地；原原本本地 say a bad word about sb. 說某人的壞話2. as a result of 由于as a result 因此 result from sth. 因而發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生 result in sth. 產(chǎn)生某種作用或結果 3. can't help doing sth. 忍不住做某事 4. in public 公然 、 公開地 、 當眾 5. the public公眾、 民眾 The

3、town gardens are open to the public from sunrise to sunset daily. 城市公園每天從早到晚對外開放。 The public are not allowed to enter the place. 民眾不允許進入此地。6. a public official一名公務員 a public school一所公立學校public order公共秩序 public interests公共利益7. be absorbed in- 專心于-8. avoid doing sth. 避免做某事9. have an effect on 對產(chǎn)生影響或效果

4、10. suffer from (doing) sth. 遭受帶來的痛苦 11. take in 吸收成員、收留、領會、欺騙 We plan to take in more party members. 我們計劃吸收更多的新黨員。He had nowhere to live, so we took him in. 他沒地方住，因此我們收留了他。I didn't take in what you were saying. 我沒領會你當時說的話。I was completely taken in by his story. 我完全被他編造的故事欺騙了。12. get along with

5、sb. 和某人處 He doesn't get along with anybody in the office. 他和辦公室里的其他人相處得不好。 Tom is an easy-going type of person who gets along well with everyone. 湯姆是個隨和的人，跟誰都處得來。get along 還可表示“進展”，“進行”。如：How are you getting along with your English? 你英語學得怎么樣？The business is getting along well. 生意經(jīng)營得不錯。13. be wor

6、th $60,000 值60,000 美元be (well) worth doing sth. (很) 值得做某事The song is well worth listening to. 這首歌曲很值得聽。14. be sure of sth. 對某事有把握 be sure to do sth. 一定做某事 make sure to do sth. 確保做某事 for sure 確切地，毫無疑問地15. be determined to do sth.決心做某事determine to do sth. 決心做某事determine sb. to do sth.使某人決定做某事determine

7、 sb. against sth.使某人決定不做某事determine on-決定-16. forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原諒某人(做)某事17. apologize to sb.向某人道歉apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.為(做)某事向某人道歉 apologize for oneself為自已解辯或辯護18. offer an/ones apology to sb. for sth.為某事向某人道歉 make19. stare at 盯著看, 凝視 stare sb. down /out 盯得人局促不安stare sb. up an

8、d down 上下打量某人20. blame sb. for sth.因某事責備某人blame sth. on sb. 把.怪到.頭上; 把某事的責任歸咎于某人 take the blame for 為負過失的責任be to blame (for) (因為-) 應受責備21. be jealous of- 嫉妒-22. be guilty of a crime犯了罪 be guilty of (doing) sth. 犯(做)-的罪be guilty of 對內疚guilty look內疚的神色 23. be consistent with - 與-一致 be a consistent fri

9、end to sb.是某人的忠實朋友24. a (considerable, great, wide)variety of 各種各樣的-, 品類繁多的- sell a variety of goods. 出售各種商品 learn a variety of things 學習各種東西 25. lie with-由決定，取決于，視而定26. 1) hand 作為名詞構成的詞組 at hand 近處；即將到來hand in hand 手拉手, 聯(lián)合 on the one hand一方面 on the other hand另一方面 by hand用手的, 手工的, 用手遞交的 in hand在手頭,

10、現(xiàn)有, 在進行中; 在考慮中; 在掌 握中; 在控制中; out of hand無法控制; 不受約束 2) hand 作為動詞構成的詞組hand down傳給后代 (= hand on, pass down)This pair of bracelets were handed down from my grandmother.這副手鐲是我曾祖母傳下來的。hand on傳遞；把傳下來 (= hand down)Please read this notice and hand it on. 請把這張通知看一下,并傳閱。hand over移交；讓與The thieves was handed ove

11、r to the police.扒手被送交警方。hand in交; 提交(辭職申請書) hand out 分發(fā)27. be fair to sb. 對某人公平 be unfair to sb. 對某人不公平28. persuade sb. to do sth. 勸說某人做某事29. an amusement park 一個游樂場30. get through (電話等) 接通31. in the world (表示強調) 究竟，到底32. one another 互相，相互33. hesitate to do sth. 做某事猶豫In case you need something, plea

12、se don't hesitate to ask me.如果你需要什么東西, 請不客氣地對我說。I hesitate to ask you, but will you lend me your car for a few days? 我真不好意思向你開口, 你能把汽車借給我用幾天嗎?34. without hesitation 毫不猶豫 35. put up with - 忍受-二、知識點整合1. betray 1) 出賣；背叛 He would rather die than betray his country to the enemy. 他寧愿餓死也不愿向敵人出賣自己的祖國.2)

13、 顯露；泄露 The expression on her face betrays her anger.她臉上的表情顯示她在生氣。The officer betrayed the secret to his friends. 那軍官把秘密向朋友泄露了。 She could not help betraying her sympathy for us.她禁不住對我們露出同情之意。3. admit1) 承認；供認admit doing sth. 承認做某事 admit to sb. 向某人承認He admitted his crime. 他招認了罪行。He admitted to us that

14、he was wrong. 他向我們承認他錯了。John has admitted breaking the window. 約翰已承認打碎了窗子。2) 許可進入，準許進入 admit sb. to/into- 接納某人進入.; 吸收某人參加. This ticket admits two people to the football match.這張票可供兩人入場看足球賽。He is admitted to Nanjing University this year. 他今年被南京大學錄取了。3) 容納, 容許The cinema admits about 2000 people. 這座電影院

15、大約可坐 2000 人。4) admit of 容許有; 有.可能; 容有.的余地The rules and regulations admit of no other explanation.這些規(guī)章制度不容許有其他解釋。His illness admits of no delay. 他的病不容拖延。 The evidence can not admit of doubt. 證據(jù)確鑿, 不容置疑。4. avoid 避免、防止 avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 I tried to avoid talking to him because he always says silly

16、things. 我盡量避免和他說話，因為他總是說些愚蠢的事。 She kept avoiding meeting my eyes. 她總是避免接觸我的目光。5. regardless (of-) 不顧、不管 She knew it was dangerous to visit him, but she set out regardless (of the risk).盡管她知道去看他是很危險的,但她還是去了。He says what he thinks, regardless of other people's feelings.他想到什么就說什么，毫不考慮別人的感受。6. absor

17、b vt. 1) 吸收；承受；承擔 About nine tenths of the light from the sun is absorbed by the atmosphere. 來自太陽的光約有十分之九被大氣層吸收。We will not absorb these charges/ costs. 我們不能承擔這些費用。2) 吸?。ㄖR）；占有The clever boy absorbed the knowledge his teacher could give him.那個聰明的男孩吸收了老師教給他的所有知識。This job absorbs all of my time. 這件工作占

18、有了我的全部時間。 3) 吸引；使專心；使全神貫注be absorbed in- 專心于-The boy sat there, absorbed in thought. 那個男孩坐在那里，沉思著。I was absorbed in a book and didn't hear you at all. 我正專心看書，沒聽到你叫我。 習慣用語 be absorbed by被.吞并, 為.所吸收absorb sb.'s attention吸引某人注意7. suffer 1) vi. 變壞、變糟 Your studies will suffer if you play too much

19、 football.你要是總踢球，功課就會變糟。Her business suffered when she is ill.她患病時，生意受到了影響。2) vi. & vt. 經(jīng)歷、遭受 He cheered up again after suffering defeat. 在經(jīng)歷了失敗的挫折后，他又振作起來。 We suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.在經(jīng)濟危機中我們受到了巨大的損失。 3) vt. 忍受, 忍耐I will not suffer such conduct.我不能容忍這種行為。She could not suffe

20、r criticism.她受不了批評。I can not suffer you to be idle.我不能讓你偷懶。 suffer pain受痛苦 suffer from cold and hunger饑寒交迫suffer from floods遭受水災 suffer from measles. 患麻疹 8. bitter1) adj.(藥等)苦味的, 苦澀的；辛酸的, 悲慘的；懷恨的; 抱怨的; 譏諷的強烈的, 厲害的, 刺骨的, 嚴酷的a bitter taste苦味 a bitter smile苦笑 bitter tears辛酸的眼淚 bitter remarks刻薄話, 惡毒的話 b

21、itter discipline嚴格的訓練 a bitter argument激烈的爭論2) adv. 非常, 劇烈, 厲害a bitter cold night 嚴寒的一個夜晚be bitter against強烈反對9. fault n. 1) 過失，過錯Who broke the cup? It's my fault, I dropped it.誰把杯子摔了？這是我的過錯，我摔的。That's no fault of his.這不是他的過錯。The fault lies with me, not with you. 這是我的責任,不是你的責任。2) 缺點；瑕疵There

22、seems to be some fault in the computer, and we're just looking into it. 這臺電腦好象有點毛病,我們正在檢查原因。 Your only fault is carelessness.你惟一的缺點是粗心大意。習慣用語：at fault 該受責備的；有罪的； 感到困惑; 不知所措admit to being at fault承認有罪10. discourage vt. 使喪失勇氣；使氣餒； 使沮喪Don't let one failure discourage you, try again.不要因為一次失敗就氣餒，

23、再試一試看。discourage sb. from doing sth. 阻止/阻攔/勸阻某人做某事 His parents discouraged him from joining the air force.他的父母親勸他不要參加空軍。 discouraged adj. 氣餒的If you meet with any difficulty in your study, don't be discouraged.如果你學習中遇到什么困難,不要灰心。 discouraging adj. 令人氣餒的 a discouraging result 一個令人泄氣的結果 discourageme

24、nt n.氣餒, 挫折,勸阻11. doubt 1) n.懷疑；疑慮；未確定There is no doubt that he is guilty. 毫無疑問，他是有罪的。I have (my) doubts about whether he is the best man for the job.我懷疑他是否做這項工作的最好人選。2) vt. 懷疑; 不信; 拿不準(后接名詞從句時, 疑問句和否定句用連詞 that, but, but that, 肯定句一般用連接詞 whether, if, what, when 等, 如肯定句用 that, 往往表示非常懷疑)I doubt that he

25、 will come.我看他不見得會來。I doubt whether / if he is at home.我看他不一定在家。I do not doubt (but) that he can recite it.我相信他能把它背下來。I doubt what he said.我不相信他說的話。習慣用語：beyond doubt毫無疑問 (常作插入語)without doubt 必定；無疑throw doubt on對.產(chǎn)生懷疑, 使人對.產(chǎn)生懷疑12. ruin1) n.衰??；毀滅；瓦解fall into ruin破敗不堪 the ruin of his hopes他的希望的破滅 pl. 廢

26、墟, 遺跡We saw the ruins of the church.我們看見了這座教堂的廢墟。2) vt.使破產(chǎn); 使墮落;破壞, 毀滅；使成廢墟ruin one's hopes使希望破滅The storm ruined the crops.暴風雨毀壞了莊稼。習慣用語：be the ruin of成為.毀滅/墮落的原因bring sb. to ruin使某人失敗; 使傾家蕩產(chǎn)bring ruin upon oneself自取滅亡go fall come to ruin毀滅, 滅亡; 崩潰; 破壞掉in ruins成為廢墟ruin oneself毀掉自己13. anxious adj

27、. 1) 憂慮的；焦慮的， 不安的We are all anxious about/for his safety.我們都為他的安全而憂慮。2) 渴望的We are anxious that he (should) do his bit.我們非常希望他能盡到自己的本分。She was anxious to please the smart kid.她很想討好那瀟灑的小伙子。He is anxious to enter for the competition.他很想去參加比賽習慣用語：be anxious about sth. 為某事焦慮/擔心 be anxious for sb. 為某人焦慮/擔

28、心be anxious for sth.渴望得到某物be anxious to do sth. 渴望做某事be anxious for sb. to do sth. 渴望某人做某事14. base vt. based, basing （與on, upon連用）根據(jù)；基于This news report is based entirely on fact.這篇新聞報導是完全根據(jù)實際情況寫成的。Judgment should be based on facts, not on hearsay.判斷應該以事實為依據(jù),而不應該依靠道聽途說。One should always base one'

29、s opinions on facts.意見應以事實為根據(jù)。15. embarrass vt.使窘迫, 使困惑, 使為難, 使(問題)復雜化The decline of sales embarrassed the company.銷路下降使公司陷于財政困難。 embarrass sb by doing sth 通過做某事使某人窘迫embarrassed adj. 窘迫的，尷尬的， be embarrassed at/about sth. 因某事而困窘 embarrassing adj. 令人難堪的 an embarrassing mistake 一個令人難堪的錯誤 embarrassment

30、n. 困窘16. mean 1) vt.意謂, 想要, 預定 vi.用意, 有意義 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味著做某事I meant to give you this book today, but I forgot.我本來打算今天給你這本書的，可是我忘了。He means this house for his daughter.他預定把這棟房子給女兒。習慣用語： be meant to do照道理，照規(guī)矩；應該，必須；得要；He was meant for /to be a doctor.本來是準備把他培養(yǎng)成為醫(yī)生的。mean sb. f

31、or準備讓某人干某工作mean much to sb. 對某人很重要; 對某人很可貴mean a great deal 2) adj.低劣的, 卑鄙的, 普通的, 吝嗇的, 簡陋的,不舒服的 Peter's father was very mean; he never gave Peter any new clothes.彼得的父親很小氣，他從不給彼得添新衣服。三、練習1. John plays football _, if not better than, David.A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as2. Althou

32、gh I enjoy _to music, I dont know _about it.A. listen; many B. listening; much C. listening; many D. to listen; much3. If you dont go to the party, _I.A. so do B. so will C. nor do D. neither shall4. -The light in the office is still on.-Oh, I forget _.A. turning it off B. to turn it off C. turning

33、off it D. to turn off it5. You can hardly imagine what great difficulty we had _the work.A. to do B. done C. doing D. do6. -What do you suppose made her so unhappy?- _ her wallet.A. lose B. Lost C. Losing D. To lose7. _ this possible effect may put us in a dilemma.A. Having overlooked B. Overlooked

34、C. To overlook D. Overlooked8. -My brother is not good at speaking English.-I suggest _English for two hours every day.A. he practice speaking B. him to speak C. he speaking D. his practicing to speak9. _ it is to have a picnic in the hills on such a nice day!A. What a fun B. How fun C. What fun D.

35、How a fun10. Readers can _quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.A. get over B. get in C. get along D. get through11. It was surprising that _worms could eat up _grain.A. so little ; so much B. such little; so much C. so little; such much D. such small; so many12. They looked forw

36、ard with hope _from you, but you never wrote a word to them.A. of hearing B. to hear C. to hearing D. hearing13. The boy wanted to play football in the street, but his parents told him _.A. not to B not to do C. not do it D. do not to14. He _to Shanghai, for I saw him a moment ago.A. must have gone

37、B. cant have gone C. mustnt have gone D. cant have been15. Let Harry play with your toys as well, Clare-you must learn to_.A. support B. care C. spare D. share16. The injured were lying in hospital _the shock from the traffic accident.A. to suffer B. suffered C. suffered from D. suffering from17. We

38、ather _ _the size of crops.A. determines B. is determined to C. is determined by D. make up its mind18. There _in the world _China is a great country with a long history and rich culture. A. are no doubt ; that B. are not doubts ; if C. is no doubt; that D. is not doubt; if19. I cant _it when people

39、 speak with their mouths full.A. live B. stand C. keep D. take20. The poster was revised _the suggestions of other group members.A. based on B. to base on C. basing on D. which based on21. Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his_. A. ability B. force C. strength D. mind22. John was

40、 late for the business meeting because his flight had been _ by a heavy storm. A. kept B. stopped C. slowed D. delayed23. There was nothing they could do_.A. but wait B. except waiting C. only to wait D. unless they waited24. -Go for a picnic this weekend, OK?- _. I love getting close to nature. A.

41、I couldnt agree more B.I afraid not.C. I believe not D. I dont think so.25. My mother always gets a bit _if we dont arrive when we say we will. A. anxious B. ashamed C weak D. patient26. I wont stand your _ to me like that. A. talk B. talks C. talking D. talked27. She used her familys history as a _

42、 for her novel. A. basis B. base C. basic D. basically28. Dont be so _ to her!A. mean B. meany C. meanly D. meanness29. Joe just wanted to play a joke on her . He did not mean _ Sarah.A. hurting B. to hurt C. hurted D. hurts30. She told us she was busy now and that she _ us later.A. was helped B. he

43、lp C. helped D. would help31. Sarah felt like _ when she found out that she had been chatting online with a boy student of her same class.A. cry B. to cry C. being crying D. crying32. He was determined not to be the first _it.A. say B. saying C. to say D. says33. The brave soldiers were determined t

44、o save all the people _ in the field.A. trapped B. being trapped C. were trapped D. trapping34. We drove all the way to the beach , _.A. have fun B. just for fun C. make fun of D. have a fun35. Dont hesitate _me if you have any questions.A. asking B. asks C. to ask D. asked36. Thousands of people we

45、re at the airport, _ the visiting president.A. cheered for B. cheered about C .to cheer about D. cheering for37.A good student is honest and kind to others .In other words ,he never _ his friends.A. yells B. teases C. betrays D. blames38. He failed in the driving test again. He_.A. must have disappo

46、inted B. must have been disappointedC. might be disappointed D. couldnt be disappointed39 .He felt guilty about losing ,and bad about_ football as you are.A. being as gifted at B. being so gifted forC. not being as gifted at D. not being so gifted for40. It seems you need to apologize quickly _ a good friend. A. avoiding to lose B. to avoid l