初三英語被動語態(tài)精品課件

1、初三英語 被動語態(tài)精品課件精品收藏passive voice 1.被動語態(tài)的概念主動語態(tài):主語是動作的執(zhí)行者i wrote a letter to my father last night.被動語態(tài):主語是動作的承受者a letter was written to my fatherby me last night.i wrote a letter to my father last night.i wrotewrote a letter to my father last night.a letter was writtenwas written to my father by me las

2、t night.2. 被動語態(tài)的形式被動語態(tài)的形式不同時態(tài)不同時態(tài)/情態(tài)情態(tài)基本形式基本形式一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時am / is / are + done一般過去時一般過去時was / were + done一般將來時一般將來時am / is / are going to / will / shall + be + done含情態(tài)動詞的被動語含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)態(tài)情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 + be + done現(xiàn)在進行時am / is / are + being + done現(xiàn)在完成時have / has + been + donethe best chocolate is made in switze

3、rland.最好的巧克力產在瑞士。fast trains are found in france and japan.法國和日本都有快速列車。many villages and towns in guangxi province were hit by the flood a week ago.一周前，廣西的許多村鎮(zhèn)遭受洪水襲擊。the trees were blown down by the typhoon.樹被臺風刮倒。huge amounts of money was stolen from the bank last night.昨晚這家銀行巨額現(xiàn)金被竊。the road will b

4、e repaired by next week. 下個禮拜路會修好。will the cartoon be shown on tv tonight?今晚上會放這卡通片嗎？the physics problem can be solved in three ways.這道物理題可以用三種方法解決。the classroom should be cleaned every day.教室應該每天打掃。 cows produce milk.(答案：milk is produced by cows.被動語態(tài)中如須交代動作發(fā)出者，可用介詞by引出)people in many countries spea

5、k english.(答案：english is spoken (by people) in many countries. by people 省略為好，因為動作發(fā)出者不必交代，句意很明確，否則顯累贅。)postmen deliver letters.(答案：letters are delivered by postmen.句意為：信件由郵遞員發(fā)送投遞。)the food _ (被廚師燒焦了).(答案：was burned by the cook)the traffic couldnt move _(因為道路被雪封住了).(答案：because the road was blocked by

6、 snow)the shirt _(按約翰的尺寸裁剪的), so it fits john very well.(答案：was cut to johns size)the rubbish bin is full, and it _(馬上將被清空。)(答案：will be cleaned soon)this is very urgent. _ (今天下午能完成嗎？)(答案：will it be done this afternoon)the students cant work out the difficult problem.(答案：the difficult problem cant be

7、 worked out by the students.)we must obey the laws.(答案：the laws must be obeyed .)3. 被動語態(tài)中被動語態(tài)中by 的用法的用法1）介詞by后用賓格she cleans the schoolbag carefully.(改為被動)the schoolbag is cleaned by her carefully.(she的賓格是her) jane divided the books into two parts.(改為被動)the books were divided into two parts by jane .

8、(jane是名詞，主賓格相同。) 2）介詞by在句中的位置miss li corrects the compositions carefully.（改為被動語態(tài)）the compositions are corrected by miss li carefully./the compositions are corrected carefully by miss li. by miss li可放在謂語動詞后其它狀語（carefully）前，也可放在句末。we should practice english every day. （改為被動語態(tài)）english should be practic

9、ed every day. (by us 省略。諸如we, someone/somebody, everyone/everybody, people等表泛指的主語在被動中省略。)the difficult problem_(被我們大家一起解決了).(答案：was solved by us all。)the bridge _ (明年將被他們建造).(答案：will be built by them next year/will be built next year by them)someone wants you on the phone.(改為被動語態(tài))(答案： you are wanted

10、 on the phone. 表泛指的主語someone在被動中省略，不必強調動作的執(zhí)行者時也可省by短語。） 4. 短語動詞在被動語態(tài)中不可拆開短語動詞在被動語態(tài)中不可拆開the old are taken good care of in our country.（take care of 是固定短語是固定短語,介詞介詞of不能少。不能少。 )the lecture must be listened to carefully.（listen to是固定短語是固定短語,介詞介詞to不能少。）不能少。） 把下列句子改成被動語態(tài)把下列句子改成被動語態(tài)the parents looked after

11、 the baby carefully.(答案：答案：the baby was looked after carefully by the parents.)he threw away the old clothes.(答案：答案：the old clothes were thrown away by him.)5. 含有雙賓語的句子的被動語態(tài)含有雙賓語的句子的被動語態(tài)含有雙賓語即直接賓語和間接賓語的句子的被動語態(tài)有兩種改法。含有雙賓語即直接賓語和間接賓語的句子的被動語態(tài)有兩種改法。 i told him the good news of my success. (改為被動語態(tài))the goo

12、d news of my success was told to him by me. （ 間接賓語him前加介詞to，the good news of my success 是直接賓語，類似加to的動詞還有：give, send, show等。） he was told the good news of my success by me. we will make him a chocolate cake.(改為被動語態(tài))a chocolate cake will be made for him. （直接賓語a chocolate cake作主語時，間接賓語him前加介詞for ，類似加介詞

13、for的動詞有get, buy, make等）he will be made a chocolate cake by us. （此句不常用。）he showed me the id card.(答案：答案：the id card was shown to me./ i was shown the id card.)my father bought me a beautiful skirt when i was fourteen years old.(答案：答案：a beautiful skirt was bought for me by my father when i was fourtee

14、n years old. /i was bought a beautiful skirt by my father when i was fourteen years old. )6. 含有賓語補足語的句子的被動語態(tài)they call the baby kitty. (改為被動語態(tài))the baby is called kitty. (kitty 是賓語補足語，不能做被動語態(tài)的主語。)the detective asked jill to show her earrings.(答案：答案：jill was asked to show her earrings by the detective.

15、 )we made him our group leader.(答案：答案：he was made our group leader (by us). ）7. 被動語態(tài)中副詞的位置被動語態(tài)中副詞的位置i will also write a letter to him.(改為被動語態(tài)改為被動語態(tài) )a letter will also be written to him. (副詞副詞also 放在第一助動詞放在第一助動詞will后。后。)he often makes his fishing trip in the late afternoon. (改改為被動語態(tài)為被動語態(tài) )his fishin

16、g trip is often made in the late afternoon.(頻度副詞頻度副詞often一般放在第一助動詞后。一般放在第一助動詞后。)he can easily finish the job. the job can be easily finished by him.（程度副詞（程度副詞easily一般放在過去分詞前。類似的有：一般放在過去分詞前。類似的有：widely, well 等。）等。）people would usually use cormorants to catch fish.(答案：答案：cormorants would usually be us

17、ed to catch fish. 頻度副詞頻度副詞 usually 放在在第一助動放在在第一助動詞后。詞后。)he did the job well.(答案：答案：the job was well done. 程度副詞程度副詞well放在過去分詞前。放在過去分詞前。)8. 被動語態(tài)的疑問形式did he steal the money ？(改為被動語態(tài))was the money stolen by him?how do people prepare milkshake?(改為被動語態(tài))how is milkshake prepared ? who moved my cheese? (改被動

18、語態(tài))by whom was my cheese moved?/whom was my cheese mved by?(對動作的執(zhí)行者提問時，介詞by 可在句首或句末。)do the students always do their homework in the evening?(答案：is their homework always done in the evening by the students?)who dealt with the case?(答案：by whom was the case dealt with?/whom was the case dealt with by?

19、)9. 及物動詞有被動語態(tài)，及物動詞有被動語態(tài)，不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)the temperature _(rise/raise) when summer is coming.（答案：（答案：rises。溫度自己上升，用不及物動詞。溫度自己上升，用不及物動詞rise，不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)。），不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)。）the temperature _(rise/raise) when the air-conditioner begins to work.（答案：（答案：is raised。溫度被空調機提升，所以用及物動詞。溫度被空調機提升，所以用及物動詞raise的被動

20、語態(tài)的被動語態(tài), 只有只有及物動詞有被動語態(tài)。）及物動詞有被動語態(tài)。）the idea _ (sound/hear) very good.（答案：（答案：sounds。hear 是及物動詞，是及物動詞，“聽見聽見”，sound是系動詞，是系動詞，“聽起來聽起來”，屬不及物動詞，沒有被動語態(tài)。）屬不及物動詞，沒有被動語態(tài)。）a scream _(sound/hear) in the darkness.（答案：（答案：was heard。 hear 是及物動詞，是及物動詞，“聽見聽見”，was heard, “被聽見被聽見”。）。）water _(change) into steam when i

21、t is heated.（答案：（答案：changes/is changed。 change 既是及既是及物動詞又是不及物動詞，且意思相同。相同用法的物動詞又是不及物動詞，且意思相同。相同用法的有：有：turn。）。）a lot of flowers _ (grow) in their garden.（答案：（答案：are grown。 grow既是及物動詞又是不及既是及物動詞又是不及物動詞，及物時是物動詞，及物時是“種植種植”，不及物時是，不及物時是“生長生長”。類似用法的有：類似用法的有：return）the school sports meeting _ next saturday.(h

22、old) (答案：答案：will be held。next saturday 表將來，表將來，hold 是及物是及物動詞。動詞。)bamboo _ in the hot and wet area.(grow)（答案：（答案：grows。 句意：竹子在暖濕的地區(qū)生長。）句意：竹子在暖濕的地區(qū)生長。）the car accident _ in the morning.(happen)（答案：（答案：happened。 happen是不及物動詞，沒有被動語是不及物動詞，沒有被動語態(tài)。）態(tài)。）you _ happy to meet me.(look)（答案：（答案：look。 系動詞系動詞look沒有

23、被動語態(tài)，沒有被動語態(tài)，“看起來看起來”。）。）i _ to shanghai at the end of this month.(return)（答案：（答案：will return。 return既是及物動詞又是不及物動詞，既是及物動詞又是不及物動詞，及物時是及物時是“歸還歸還”，不及物時是，不及物時是“返回返回”。）。）10. 被動語態(tài)在日常生活中的應用 the window is broken. (動作的執(zhí)行者無從得知不作強調時用被動語態(tài)。) dumpling is prepared in the following way.(說明性文字用被動語態(tài)。)a body is found i

24、n the forest. (新聞標題，科技文章等強調客觀事實的文字用被動語態(tài)。)we must keep the noise under 50 dbs(分貝) here.（改為被動語態(tài)）（02年中考） the noise must _ _ under 50 dbs here.be kept主動 ？ 被動he gave me the id card. （改為被動語態(tài)）i the id card. wasgiventhe id card me.towas givenshow/pass/hand sb. sth. show/pass/hand sth. sb. buy/make sb. sth.b

25、uy/make sth. sb. toforwe call the baby kitty. （改為被動語態(tài)） the baby kitty.is calledwe call the baby kitty.the baby is kitty.he gave me the id card.i was the id card. the homeless children _ in the orphanage. a) are taken good care b) are taken good care of c) take good care d) take good care of 答案：b短語動詞

26、不可拆開 get rid of,look forward to,listen to,throw away a letter to him.a. will also be writtenb. will be also writtenc. also will be written d. will be written also 答案：aa letter was also written to him. 被動語態(tài)的正確判斷”remember, nobody (allow) to eat or drink in the computer room,” the assistant said to the

27、 new student. (動詞的適當形式填空) (03年中考) is allowed他由于偷竊被送進了監(jiān)獄。（中譯英） he was sent into jail for stealing.世界上很多國家都說英語。（中譯英）english is spoken in many countries in the world。及物動詞 被動語態(tài)不及物動詞 被動語態(tài) 有沒有竹子在暖濕的地區(qū)生長良好。 （中譯英）bamboo grows well in the hotand wet area.where did they grow vegetables? (改為被動語態(tài))(00年中考)where vegetables ?weregrown “生長”（不及物）gr