新世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語教案

1、College English Book 3 Unit One Changes in the Way We LiveEssay WritingFrom Topic Sentences to Development / Supporting SentencesOne of the basic skills for students to write a composition is to know how to develop a paragraph from topic sentences to development / supporting sentences. The author of

2、 this unit employs this skill successfully. Now lets take Para 2 for example.Sentence 1 is a topic sentence. The controlling idea (主題思想) is “self-reliant”. Therefore, in sentences 2, 3 and 4 the author develops this controlling idea by means of providing details. In sentence 2 he uses “fruits and ve

3、getables”, in sentence 3 “eggs” and in sentence 4 “honey” and “wood”. In this way he develops this paragraph logically and coherently.Contrast and comparisonA contrast brings out the differences between two or more things of the same kind, while a comparison the similarities between them.§ Comp

4、arison and contrast can be organized in two major ways:§ One-side-at-a-time method: examine one subject thoroughly and then start the other.§ Point-by-point method: examine two subjects at the same time, discussing them point by point.Comparison and Contrast in Writing§ Definition Com

5、parison and contrast come in three different ways.§ Comparison: You are asked to explain how two or more things are alike.§ Contrast: You are asked to explain how two or more things are different.§ Comparison and contrast: You are asked to explain how two or more things are alike and

6、different.Useful Expressions for Comparison and ContrastComparisonContrastLikeUnlikeThe same asIn contrast toalikeDifferent formSimilarLess/moreLikewiseWhereasAnd, as well asHoweverAlso, tooButJust asAs opposed tobothOn the other handWriting PracticeThere has been a heated discussion on living in th

7、e city or country. Some people hold that living in the city has more advantages than living in the country. While others disagree with them. What is your opinion? Write an essay entitled Why I love City/Country. You are required to use comparison or contrast in the writing. (200 words)Translation Ex

8、ercisesTranslate the following sentences into Chinese.1. get byWe can get by with four computers at the moment, but well need a couple more when the new staff members arrive.2. haulThe rescue team hauled medical supplies and food to the flooded villages.A crane had to be used to haul the car out of

9、the stream.3. supplementThe doctor suggested supplementing my diet with vitamins E and A.4. pursueAfter graduation Martin chose to pursue the same career as his father as a minister.5. get throughThe local government has taken some measures to ensure that all the people will get through the hot summ

10、er.6. illustrateLet me use another example to illustrate this difficult point.The editor has illustrated the book with black-and-white photographs.7. aside fromThis essay is good aside from a couple of spelling mistakes.8. cut backThere is a growing movement to cut back the governments role in agric

11、ulture and to reduce subsidies paid to farmers.The government has cut back on defense spending.9. suspectChina banned cosmetics suspected of containing substances that cause mad cow disease.10. resist/temptationIn my view students should resists the temptation to take part-time jobs in their first t

12、wo years at college.Unit Two The Freedom Givers By Fergus M. BordewichBackground informationThe civil rights movementThe national campaign by African-Americans for equal rights, especially in the 1950s and 1960s. The campaign included boycotts (=refusals to buy particular products), the actions of f

13、reedom riders, and in 1963 a march to Washington led by Martin Luther King. It succeeded in causing the introduction of affirmative action. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 were also introduced as a result of the civil rights movement, which has helped to change the att

14、itudes of many white Americans. The Civil Rights Act of 1964Ø The US law that forced the southern states to allow African-Americans to enter restaurants, hotels, etc. which had been reserved for white people only and to end the practice of having separate areas for black and white people in the

15、atres, train stations, buses, etc. The act was mostly the result of the civil rights movement and was strongly supported by President Lyndon Johnson. It was followed the next year by the Voting Rights Act.Text PredictionØ 1. What is an underground railroad in the normal sense?Ø 2. What is

16、this Underground Railroad special for?Ø 3. Can you imagine what this railroad was built for?Ø 4. What probably are the dreams of the passengers?Ø 5. What probably is the destination of their dreams?Ø 6. What is the text probably about?The Underground RailroadA secret system used

17、in the US before the Civil War for helping thousands of slaves to escape to the free northern states or Canada. The slaves were called “passengers”, the people who help them were “conductors”, and the slaves hid in “stations” (safe houses) along the way. Sometimes they even hid in unusual places.

18、16; Many clever and creative ideas helped slaves during their escape. When abolitionist (廢奴主義者) John Fairfield needed to sneak (偷偷摸摸地進(jìn)行) 28 slaves over the roads near Cincinnati, he hired a hearse (靈車) and disguised the group as a funeral procession.Ø Henry “Box” Brown, a slave, had himself shi

19、pped from Richmond to Philadelphia in a wooden box.Routes to freedomThe routes the slaves traveled appear in the map. The trip is 560 miles (900 kilometers) long. A strong, lucky runaway might have made it to freedom in two months. For others, especially in bad weather, the trek (跋涉) might have last

20、ed a year. Language pointslive onØ To continue to live or existØ She died ten years ago but her memory lives on.Ø Memory: what is remembered about sb after they have diedpeerØ To look closely or carefully at sth esp. when you cannot see it clearly.slipTo go somewhere quickly and

21、quietly, esp. without being noticed.Paraphrase the sentenceØ In Kentucky, anyone who captured him, no matter he was dead or alive, would be rewarded $1000 and now he was going to Kentucky.Unit Three SecurityWarm-up questions§ 1. In our families, what measures do we take to prevent burglari

22、es?§ 2. In our contact with the outside world, what precautions do we take to steer clear of danger?§ No one picked up and pocketed anything lost on the road, and no family had the need to bolt the doors at night. 路不拾遺，夜不閉戶Language Pointscustomary§ If sth is customary, it is what peop

23、le usually do in a particular place or situation.§ custom n. § custom of doing sth§ customs n. 海關(guān)resort to§ to make use of sth, esp. sth bad, as a means of achieving sth, often because there is no other possible solution.§ They felt obliged to resort to violence.§ We ma

24、y have to resort to using untrained staff.elaborate§ adj. very complicated and detailed; carefully prepared and organized. 復(fù)雜的，詳盡的，精心制作的§ elaborate security systems 精密的安全系統(tǒng)even for part of an eveningeven for a short period of time in the eveningpry§ vt. force sth. open or away from a

25、surface§ vi. look or inquire closely and curiously§ Dont pry into the affairs of others.premise§ 1) (pl.) all the buildings and land that an institution occupies on one site § 2) sth. that you accept as true and use as a basis for another idea or way of thinking (usu. followed by

26、 that-clause) § It was the lawyers premise that his client was innocent.feature§ 1) 以為特色，是的特征§ The latest model features an electronic alarm.§ 2) 由主演§ The film features Anthony Hopkins as Picasso.§ 3) 起重要作用，占重要地位§ Moon cakes feature prominently in Chinese recipes o

27、n Mid-autumn Day.it occurs to sb to do/that§ Sb. gets the idea that § Example: It suddenly occurred to me that we could use a computer to do the job. barricade§ n.§ place/erect/set up/put up barricades§ remove/demolish/tear down barricades§ v.§ barricade oneself ag

28、ainst § barricade oneself in/inside sth§ barricade oneself in ones roomwe seem finallyat bay.Finally, we found the way to keep away the terrorists, no matter whether they are real or imagined in our mind.Why does the author use the quotation marks?This is not real security. People are livi

29、ng in the illusion that they are properly protected by these security means.Unit Four Extraterrestrials Language Pointsbugo She closed the windows to keep the bugs out. o “Bugs” here are:_.o I'm running a fever; I must have picked up a bug somewhere.o “A bug” here is:_.o The system failed again

30、because of a bug in that old software. o “A bug” here is:_.o He was bitten by the travel bug. o The “travel bug” is:_ .o The telephone in her room was bugged. o It means:_.o He is debugging the computer. o To “debug” is:_.Unit Five How to Celebrate HolidaysBackground InformationThanksgiving Thanksgi

31、ving is celebrated in the US on the fourth Thursday in November. For many Americans it is the most important holiday apart from Christmas. Schools, offices and most businesses close for Thanksgiving, and many people make the whole weekend a vacation. The writer O. Henry called it the one day that is

32、 purely American. The holiday is a time of family reunion.OriginThanksgiving is associated with the time when Europeans first came to North America. In 1620 the ship the Mayflower arrived, bringing about 150 people who today are usually called Pilgrims. They arrived at the beginning of a very hard w

33、inter and could not find enough to eat, so many of them died. But in the following summer Native Americans showed them what foods were safe to eat, so that they could save food for the next winter. They held a big celebration to thank God and the Native Americans for the fact that they had survived.

34、Special mealToday people celebrate Thanksgiving to remember these early days. The most important part of the celebration is a traditional dinner with foods that come from North America. The meal includes turkey, sweet potatoes (also called yams) and cranberries, which are made into a kind of sauce o

35、r jelly. The turkey is filled with stuffing or dressing, and many families have their own special recipe. Dessert is pumpkin made into a pie.CelebrationOn Thanksgiving there are special television programs and sports events. A number of professional and university football games are played on Thanks

36、giving Day. In New York there is the Macys Thanksgiving Day Parade, when a long line of people wearing fancy costumes march through the streets with large balloons in the shape of imaginary characters. Thanksgiving is considered the beginning of the Christmas period, and the next day many people go

37、out to shop for Christmas presents.The PilgrimsThe Pilgrims were the 102 English people who sailed to America on the Mayflower in 1620. Their group included 35 Puritans whose aim was to create a safe religious community in the New World. The Pilgrims probably landed at Plymouth Rock, and they establ

38、ished Plymouth colony.Native AmericansNative Americans were living in North America for many hundreds of years before Europeans reached the continent. For a long time white people called them Indians. Today many people do not like this name since it is based on a mistake: it was given to the people

39、living in the America by Christopher Columbus who, when he arrived there, thought he had landed in India. Instead, people prefer to use the term Native Americans. The United States Coast Guard The United States Coast Guard is the US military service that is controlled by the US Department of Transpo

40、rtation but becomes part of the US Navy during a war. It was established in 1915. The Coast Guard stops ships suspected of carrying drugs and other illegal goods, and can make arrests. It also keeps watch to see that other laws of the sea are obeyed, rescues ships in danger and has a weather service

41、.Language Pointsrack 1) n. 架子 a wine rack/a toast rack 1) n. 拉肢刑具 2) vt. to make sb suffer great physical or mental pain 使痛苦不堪，使受折磨 be racked with/by guilt be racked with painshipmate mate: a person you share an activity or you live with workmate/teammate/playmate classmate/roommate/flatmate cellmat

42、ereassurance n. 能消除疑懼等的保證 We have been given reassurance that the water is safe to drink. v. reassure a. reassuring weep weep (lit or fml): cry quietly for a long time cry is the most general word. sob: cry nosily, taking sudden, sharp breaths whimper: cry making low, weak noises wail: cry in a loud

43、 high voicesee see: to be the time or the place when an event happens 為發(fā)生的時(shí)間或地點(diǎn) This stadium has seen many thrilling football games. This Thanksgiving morning we were busy preparing a traditional dinner which included roast turkey as a special part.If you do not as/so much as do a particular thing,

44、you do not even do that ,when you were expected to do more.gratitude I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the people who have been helpful to me. It is my great pleasure to be here to express my sincere gratitude to you for electing me as your monitor.swallowing hard If you swallow, you m

45、ake a movement in your throat as if you are swallowing sth, often because you are nervous, sad or frightened. Here the author tried to control his sad emotions by doing it. impress 1) make the importance of sth very clear to sb Dad has always impressed on/upon me that if I work hard I will succeed in life. The teacher tried to impress her students the necessity of being honest. 2) cause sb to feel admiration or respect Wanting to impress his girlfriend, Dustin