高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)第二部分專題十三構(gòu)詞法(詞類轉(zhuǎn)換)課件

1、怎么考 詞語的派生是語法填空題的必考點(diǎn)之一，考查考生在理解上下語境的基礎(chǔ)上，由所給詞派生出其他詞來。通常涉及形容詞與副詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換；動(dòng)詞(或名詞)加后綴變成形容詞的轉(zhuǎn)換；動(dòng)詞加后綴變成名詞的轉(zhuǎn)換；形容詞加后綴變成名詞的轉(zhuǎn)換；動(dòng)詞加后綴變成“人”的名詞轉(zhuǎn)換；加否定或相反意義的前綴和后綴的轉(zhuǎn)換等。怎么學(xué) 在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中，注意積累常用后綴及前綴的用法，同時(shí)積累常用詞的轉(zhuǎn)化。怎么解 首先要分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，看空格處要填的詞在句子中充當(dāng)什么成分；然后回顧思考充當(dāng)這一成分需要哪類詞，再看括號(hào)中所給詞是什么詞類，應(yīng)如何將其轉(zhuǎn)換成所需詞類。.語境感悟根據(jù)語境用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，然后朗讀或背誦短文，體會(huì)各種前綴

2、、后綴等派生詞的用法。John and his father never made an _1_ (agree) on one thing，so they often _2_ (approve) of each other，for there was some misunderstanding between them.Once on a _3_ (sun) day，John and his parents went to dinner at his aunts _4_(invite).On their _5_ (arrive)，John didnt say “hello” for _6_(f

3、ear).When they left after dinner，John said “Bye-bye！”to his aunt in a low voice.However，his father didnt hear it.He thought John was _7_ (polite)，and _8_ (behave) himself，without saying goodbye.From then on，Johns father made complaints _9_ (continue)，and John was _10_ (friend) to his father，and didn

4、t back him，which made his father extremely unhappy.Undoubtedly, it is unwise of John to do so.After all，they are father and son.His father sent him to a class of manners to_11_ (rich) his knowledge of manners，which his father believed would enable him to be a good-mannered boy.Johns father said he w

5、as _12_ (anger) at his sons _13_ (honest)，which would _14_ (certain) endanger his future.His fathers _15_ (stop) nonsense caused John much discomfort.John had to go to the class.Later on，he did everything against his fathers will.答案1.agreement動(dòng)詞加后綴變成名詞，作動(dòng)詞賓語。2.disapproved加否定前綴，詞性不變，在句中作謂語。3.sunny名詞加

6、后綴變成形容詞，在句中作定語。4.invitation動(dòng)詞加后綴變成名詞，作介詞賓語。5.arrival動(dòng)詞加后綴變成名詞，作介詞賓語。6.fearfor fear由于害怕。7.impolite形容詞加否定前綴，詞性不變，作表語。8.misbehaved動(dòng)詞加否定前綴，詞性不變，作謂語。9.continuously由動(dòng)詞變成形容詞，再加后綴變成副詞，常作狀語。10.unfriendly名詞同時(shí)加前綴與后綴，變成其他詞性、詞義。11.enrich形容詞加前綴，變成動(dòng)詞，作謂語。12.angry名詞加后綴變成形容詞，作表語。13.dishonesty名詞同時(shí)加前綴與后綴，派生其它詞性、詞義。14.

7、certainly形容詞加后綴變成副詞，作狀語等。15.nonstop動(dòng)詞加否定前綴，詞性常不變化。.考點(diǎn)確認(rèn)一、?？记熬Y1.表示否定或相反意義的前綴dis-，mis-，un-，il-，im-，in-，ir-，non-，anti-：disagree，misunderstand，unwilling，illegal，impossible，nonstop2.形容詞變動(dòng)詞的前綴en-：ableenable；largeenlarge，richenrich3.其他inter-相互，over-超過；re-重新，ex-以前的，super-超，vice-副：interaction，overweight，reus

8、e，ex-husband，supernatural，vice-chairman二、?？己缶Y1.形容詞ly變成副詞：realreally，angryangrily，possiblepossibly2.動(dòng)詞或名詞變成形容詞的后綴-able，-ful，-ous，-y，-al，-ible，-ive，-ary：naturenatural，useuseful，continuecontinuous，healthhealthy3.動(dòng)詞變名詞的后綴-al，-ance，-ence，-tion，-ssion，-ment，-ture，-y：arrivearrival，appearappearance，existexi

9、stence，inviteinvitation4.形容詞變名詞的后綴-cy，-dom，-ence，-th，-age，-ty，-ity：fluentfluence，wisewisdom，silentsilence，growgrowth，safesafety5.表示人的后綴-er，-or，-ist，-ee，-ess，-ese，-an，-ian，-ant：teacher，inventor，artist，employee，Chinese，American，musician，servant6.表示否定的后綴-less：hopeless，endless，fearless，careless，treeless

10、，meaningless7.形容詞變動(dòng)詞的后綴-en，-fy：broadbroaden，classclassify8.名詞變動(dòng)詞的后綴-ize：apologyapologize三、轉(zhuǎn)化法1.名詞動(dòng)詞：back n.背vt.支持，seat n.座容納2.動(dòng)詞名詞：walktake a walk，surveymake a survey3.形容詞動(dòng)詞：slow adj.慢的v.減慢四、合成法1.名詞名詞名詞：classroom，teamwork，newspaper2.形容詞名詞名詞：blackboard，highway3.副詞名詞名詞：overcoat，underground，outbreak4.副詞動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞：update，overlook5.名詞動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞：sun-bathe，proof-read6.名詞分詞形容詞：man-made，hand-made，peace-keeping7.形容詞分詞形容詞：good-looking專專 題題 探探 究究考考 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 突突 破破人有了知識(shí)，就會(huì)具備各種分析能力，明辨是非的