中考英語語法專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)

1、精品資料初三英語語法復(fù)習(xí)一一動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)、掌握下列八種時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)及用法：(主要看時(shí)間或根據(jù)上下文確定時(shí)態(tài)。)11) when did the accident happen? it (發(fā)生)two minutes ago(2) when the teacher came in, the students (討論)the problem.(3) people never knew that population (be)a big problem in_ a .hundred, .years.(4) he told us he (read)the noveltwice .the match(

2、結(jié)束)for half an hour. when he got to the playground.(5) listen! how beautiful the peking opera ( 聽起來).(6) please tell me who you ( 等待)for.(7) who ( 參觀)the summer palace before ? none.去)to his office.for two months .變得)stronger and stronger. where' s your father ? he (8) mr black ( 去)in south afri

3、ca we re sure our country (分析：1、例(1) (4)都用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)：一般過去時(shí)態(tài)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)、過去將來時(shí)態(tài)和 過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，其中：(1)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示 動(dòng)作在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行；(2)過去將來時(shí)態(tài) 僅用于主句是過去時(shí)態(tài)的賓語從句中，又如：we asked the teacher ( 下周是否開運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì))。(3)過去完成時(shí)態(tài)表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)完成了的動(dòng)作，即“過去的過去”，它經(jīng)常要 和過去的時(shí)間或者動(dòng)作進(jìn)行對(duì)比。 we (learn) more than 2,000 english wordsby the end of last year . when

4、/ before/ by the time we got to the station, the train (leave). he said the film ( 放映)for ten minutes when he got there.(主句是過去時(shí)態(tài)的賓語從句中)2、句中有l(wèi)isten 、look等詞一般要用 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，但聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)， 如例(5)。3 、例(6)句中雖沒有明顯時(shí)間，但通過句意“你 正在一等誰”可知道要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。4、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或過去的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在：(1)常和下列時(shí)間連用：ever, never, already

5、, yet, just(但just now 用于過去時(shí)態(tài))for+ 一段時(shí)間，since+ 過去的時(shí)間，so far, in the last few years 等. many countries (send) up man-made satellites into spaceso far. our city ( 改變)a lotin. the .last few .years(2)下列非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和一段時(shí)間連用時(shí)要作如下變化： borrow/lend- ; buy- ; receive a letter/catch a cold- ; 我收到他的來信已有一周了。i for a week.

6、become- ; die-be ; open-beopen(形容詞)；leave-be (from);come/arrive-be ;join-be ; finish-be , start/ begin-be ; 如：they have"為)good friends for several years.that factory has (建立)there for ten years.(3) have been to曾經(jīng)去過某地(現(xiàn)在 ); gone to已經(jīng)去了某地，現(xiàn)have been in (at)表示在某地已呆了一段時(shí)間。布朗先生已在中國呆了三年mr brown china

7、for three years。注意：1、一般過去時(shí)態(tài)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別：2、一般過去時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與過去完成時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別：when i got to the station, the train 二 only had a few words with him.、掌握幾種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成:(1)this digital camera is made in china.(2)please tell me when the prc was founded(3)your homework must be handed in on time.(4)many man-made satellites(

8、5)the 29 th olympic games汪忠：1、有些動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)：have been sent up into space by many countries. will be held in beijing successfully.嘗起來)!(1) how delicious the food (2) the dictionary (花費(fèi))me 98 yuan.(3) an accident ( 發(fā)生)to him last night.2、有時(shí)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，有時(shí)用主動(dòng)語態(tài)：(1) all the motorbikes in the shop (sell)out.但：this

9、 kind of motorbikes ( sell ) well in the shop.(2) cotton (grow)in shandong.但： the flowers in our garden (grow)well.3、有些動(dòng)迥短語.變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，后面的介詞或副詞不能少：(1)應(yīng)該有禮貌地對(duì)老人說話。(2)幼樹應(yīng)該得到很好地護(hù)理。(3)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)可能推遲到下周六。4、東西作主語 時(shí)常用被動(dòng)語態(tài),old people lyoung trees the sports meeting till人做主語有時(shí)也用被動(dòng)語態(tài):next saturday.(1) english, is spoken the most widely in the world.(2) he ' ll come if he (invite).(3) we (tell)to keep our classroom clean and quiet by the teacher.、含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的 疑問句：書必須按時(shí)歸還到圖書館嗎？ the school library on time