托福寫作方法+素材庫+舉例子(共17頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上為了幫助大家高效備考托福，熟悉托福寫作技巧，為大家?guī)硗懈懽骷记?寫變量型文章的方法一文，希望對大家托福備考有所幫助。托福寫作技巧:變量型為什么要寫變量型文章?什么樣的文章適合寫成變量型?例：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Life today is easier and more comfortable than it was when your grandparents were children.StructureDue to the progress of technology,

2、many things in daily life are much easier and more convenient than in the past.However, progress does not only make our life easier, and it also makes surviving harder in many ways.段落擴展示例However, progress does not only make our life easier, and it also makes surviving harder in many cases.Explanatio

3、nExamples and/or detailsExplanation: Advanced technology allows people to live longer, so that an increasing population consumes the limited natural resources on this planet.Examples and details: This gives raise to many problems like starvation, unemployment, and even wars for resources like water

4、and petroleum. The recent wars in our world had many things to do with such resources and wars take away peoples lives and destroy happiness and hope. (To be continued)Examples and details: Unfortunately, since our technology is not advanced enough to create resources, such conflicts are unlikely to

5、 be finished and they may become more serious in the future. Also, the increasing population makes our cities much more crowded than in the past, and graduates from colleges and universities have slimmer changes to get good jobs as well because there are too many of them but so limited positions. Su

6、ch problems are all created by technological progress and people in the past did not need to face them at all.真題解析Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? A job with a high salary but little vacation time is better than a job with a low salary but much vacation time.StructureMost young

7、 people and middle-aged people care much more about how much they earn than about the leisure time.For aged people, the main purpose to have jobs is no longer to make money, and they may need more vacation time instead of higher salaries.Paragraph DevelopingTopic sentence: Young people are willing t

8、o sacrifice some or even all of their leisure time for more money because that they all wish to live a vivid life.Sub point 1: desire for moneySub point 2: sacrifice vacation timeSub point 1: For most young people, money is needed everywhere. Boys are fascinated with the latest digital products and

9、even automobiles, and girls are addicted to fashionable clothes and makeups. Plus, they hang out with friends and have dinners with people at work frequently. That requires much expense as well. Without money, young people are unlikely to feel happy and satisfied.Sub point 2: As for vacation time, y

10、oung people really do not care about it very much, for they have many other choices to get relaxed or to have fun. They can get over and feel energetic again by having a good sleep at night, and they can watch movies or go shopping or play video games with friends after work.Conclusion: That is why

11、what they expect the most from their jobs is the income but not vacations.素材庫如下Overexploitation A species that faces overexploitation is one that may become severely endangered or even extinct due to the rate in which the species is being used. Unrestricted whaling during the 20th century is an

12、 example of overexploitation, and the whaling industry brought many species of whales to extremely low population sizes. When several whale species were nearly extinct, a number of nations (including the United States) agreed to abide by an international moratorium on whaling. Due to this moratorium

13、, some whale species, such as the grey whale, have made remarkable comebacks, while others remain threatened or endangered. Due to the trade in animal parts, many species continue to suffer high rates of exploitation. Even today, there are demands for items such as rhino horns and tiger bones i

14、n several areas of Asia. It is here that there exists a strong market for traditional medicines made from these animal parts. More Factors Disease, pollution, and limited distribution are more factors that threaten various plant and animal species. If a species does not have the natural ge

15、netic protection against particular pathogens, an introduced disease can have severe effects on that specie. For example, rabies and canine distemper viruses are presently destroying carnivore populations in East Africa. Domestic animals often transmit the diseases that affect wild populations, demo

16、nstrating again how human activities lie at the root of most causes of endangerment. Pollution has seriously affected multiple terrestrial and aquatic species, and limited distributions are frequently a consequence of other threats; populations confined to few small areas due to of habitat loss, for

17、 example, may be disastrously affected by random factors. (T44 travel with a companion or travel alone)Travel Solo or with a Companion Whether you should travel alone or with a group primarily depends upon your personality.  I will briefly describe each option,  listing the pros

18、and cons, to help you decide which travel style is the best for you. Traveling Solo Pros: Meet and interact with more peopleGoing where you want to go, when you want to go, with whomever you want to go withAllows you to find your own travel techniques (as opposed to going with a tour

19、group)Forces you to assert your independence Cons: Traveling alone can be intimidating(嚇人的,令人生畏的)Must overcome any shyness you may have in order to meet other peopleDeciding where you want to go and what to do once you are there requires more effort on your part than letting someone else m

20、ake all or most of the decisionsForces you to assert your independence (this can be either a pro or a con depending on whether or not you think being independent is: (1) important and (2) possible for your level of emotional growth)FYI:  I traveled solo during my three month trip to Europe and

21、I had an excellent time.  I wouldn't want to travel any other way.   Keep in mind that this advice is coming from someone who is relatively shy and had never traveled anywhere alone before going to Europe. Traveling with a companion or companions Pros: You always ha

22、ve someone to talk to/consult withYou can share food, clothing, toiletries, accommodations, etc. (saving room in your pack and sometimes money)You will have someone to share your memories with (and take your picture in front of the Eiffel Tower)You may forge a life long friendship/friendships with y

23、our travel companion(s) Cons: Being with the same person/people 24/7 can be very annoying (you could lose your friendship over this)Depending on someone else can be risky-people can flake out on you (take all your money,  abandon you, etc.)Memories of your trip may turn out to be nigh

24、tmares (constant fighting over where to go and what to see, etc.)Traveling as group may make it more difficult to meet other people because groups tend to be prone to exclusivity and can be intimidating to other travelers   (T45 get up early in the morning and start the day's work

25、, or get up later in the day and work until late at night)It is well to be up before daybreak, for such habits contribute to health, wealth, and wisdom. (Aristotle)Early riser 早起的人 Why get up early? Id say the main reason is that youll have a lot more time to do things that are more intere

26、sting than sleeping. Again, Ive gained about 10-15 hours per week doing this. That extra time is very noticeable. By 6:30am, Ive already exercised, showered, had breakfast, and Im at my desk ready to go to work. I can put in a lot of hours each day of productive work, and Im usually done with w

27、ork by 5:00 pm (and that includes personal “work” like email, paying bills, picking up daughter from preschool, etc). This gives me 5-6 hours of discretionary time every evening for family, leisure activities, Toastmasters, reading, journaling, etc. And best of all, I still have energy during this t

28、ime. Having time for everything thats important to me makes me feel very balanced, relaxed, and optimistic. Think about what you could do with that extra time. Even an extra 30 minutes per day is enough to exercise daily, read a book or two each month, maintain a blog, meditate daily, cook heal

29、thy food, learn a musical instrument, etc. A small amount of extra time each day adds up to significant amounts over the course of a year. 30 minutes a day is 182.5 hours in a year. Thats more than a month of working full-time (40 hours per week). Double it if you save 60 minutes a day, and triple i

30、t if you save 90 minutes a day. For me the savings was about 90 minutes/day. Thats like getting a free bonus year every decade. Im using this time to do things that I previously didnt have the time and energy to do. Its wonderful.  46開頭可以些： The funny thing is that people overemphasize whic

31、h qualities a parent should have and how to define a good parent; at the same time, however, we overlook the issue of children, including the good qualities that a son or a daughter should have. In this essay, I will discuss some of the virtues a child must have.  47 在大公司工作的好處: (1)working

32、on a large job; (2)enjoying a good opportunity to learn constantly(Because the company is so large, I have the opportunity to work on several different types of projects with different equipment requirements I am constantly learning on the job.) (3) flexible time scheduling, less gossips, free worki

33、ng environment; (4) diversity.  (T51 taking risks or chances VS careful planning)Risk: You may worry about the risks of investing, but the real risk is that you will outlive your money. Two kinds of financial risks are:The risk of losing your money if you actThe risk of losing money i

34、f you don't act Take advantage of three secrets of successful investors 1. Start as soon as possible2. Invest steadily through market up and downs3. Diversify your investments Almost any investment is okay to start with. Success isn't really determined by investment behaviour

35、but by investor behaviour whether or not you get started and keep going.   幾個Topic都能借用下面這篇文章的觀點。 How to Win at WorkAre your talents being recognised? Are you in a job that is allowing your career to develop? If not, then now is the time to assess your employability, perhaps consi

36、der moving jobs and making that all important move up the career ladder. But knowing how to get the ball rolling for yourself, so that you can develop your own career plan, requires some serious thinking and careful planning and that's where leading recruitment organisation Kelly Services can he

37、lp.Know yourselfIf you are to win at work then you need to understand yourself. Have a clear picture of your own strengths and weaknesses, identify what makes you successful and what doesn't and try and ensure that your job is one that plays to your strengths. We all have weaknesses and if you h

38、ave something which you feel might hold you back then stop worrying about it and take some action. There are very few difficulties that can't be overcome one way or another.Set your goalsEveryone needs to have goals in life both professional and personal. If you want to achieve them you need to

39、set some measurements for yourself on a weekly, monthly or yearly basis. If you don't know what you want then you'll never know when you have got it.Update your skillsMake sure you are getting the right training at work to enable you to do your job effectively. If you aren't then make yo

40、ur Personnel Manager aware of why you need certain training and be enthusiastic about wanting it. If the training is not offered in-house then find out who runs the course you want, where you can do it, when and how much it will cost. Outside of your workplace you can enhance your inter-personal ski

41、lls with activities such as competitive sport which is brilliant for team building or perhaps acting which is a big confidence booster for many people.CommitmentEveryone talks about commitment these days but it is absolutely crucial that you believe in the organisation you work for and respect the s

42、enior management who are leading it. You have to be in tune with the company philosophy, understand the company strategy, its direction - know where it is that the company is going and make sure that you are on the same train going in the same direction. Without this sense of commitment you lose som

43、ething in terms of motivation and enthusiasm for the job.Make your voice heardThere is a real difference between making your voice heard, i.e. being assertive, and being aggressive. Don't be too pushy and alienate yourself from other people particularly your peer group because their support and

44、respect for you is vital if you want to get on. Develop the art of timing, of presenting your ideas and views logically, of making sure that they will work and of being receptive to other people's ideas.Take responsibilityBeing able to take responsibility and to take the consequences of that res

45、ponsibility is absolutely crucial. As companies move towards a flat management structure it has two main consequences. First, more junior jobs are becoming more responsible and more interesting but this greater level of empowerment(授權(quán)) for individuals also means that you have to be able to cope with

46、 increased pressure both physical and mental. It may be that suddenly you find yourself reporting to a Board Director with no-one in between which can be difficult. It may require some changes in the way you operate but it's not impossible.FlexibilityAs you become more senior in your career it i

47、s likely that you will not be working a 9-5 routine, and that you may have to travel, stay away from home and plan your own schedule. Companies need to see that you are prepared to be flexible to do the job that needs doing wherever it needs doing. A critical factor here is having a partner who is e

48、mpathetic to the requirements of your job, who understands how important it is for you to be able to develop your career and who gives you support at home.NetworkingThe importance of networking both within your own organisation and outside cannot be under-estimated. Internally it is important that y

49、ou are respected and seen as being helpful to your peer group and it also helps if you are liked. Try and be the sort of person that other people like to bounce ideas off or ask advice from - be prepared to put yourself out for others. Outside the office you should be developing contacts with other

50、like minded people so that you can provide mutual help for one another. If you want to get on in your career then getting to know the right people can help you to get ahead.MentoringThe value of having a mentor at work provides an ideal environment for positive career development. Ideally at a more

51、senior level your mentor should be someone you respect, who doesn't have any direct line responsibility for you and who represents good working practices. It is with your mentor that you can discuss difficulties about your job, the people you work with etc. without any fear of repercussion. Your

52、 mentor will also be able to give you an objective view of situations and provide helpful advice. Whilst you may be looking for a mentor it is also worth remembering that you could perhaps fulfill that role for someone else.Taking risksTaking risks is never easy but at some point in your career you

53、will have to do so. It may be taking on a new job in a different area, it may be putting yourself forward for a more senior position or it may even be giving up your job and studying for qualifications which you believe will open new doors. Whatever it is, weigh up seriously all the pros and cons(正方

54、反方) before you make your decision so that when you do take risks they are calculated ones and you are aware of the consequences. But at the end of the day, particularly where work is concerned, there is often an element of 'nothing ventured - nothing gained'.Office politics There are office

55、politics in all organisations, but it is probably true that the larger the company the more chance there is that office politics assume a greater importance. There are two factors here which are really important. First you need to have someone at the head of the company that does not take part in of

56、fice politics and basically who disregards them. Secondly, you need to develop a fairly thick skin so that you don't take every rumour and bit of gossip personally. Try and avoid office politics, it is a dangerous game which takes people's focus away from the job they are doing and often cre

57、ates a whole host of problems for them.Work SmarterDon't fall into the trap of trying to be the person who works the longest hours. Concentrate on delivering results and making sure those results are the best you can achieve. Be confident of your own success and other people will have confidence

58、 in you.Being a winnerSo what does being a winner take? Certainly commitment, enthusiasm, determination to make things happen, ambition and a real drive for responsibility. It takes all of that plus the right attitude and being in the right place at the right time. Even if you are not looking to move now, you need to be monitoring what is happening in your marketplace. You need to be managing your own career getting yourself ready for your next move rather than waiting to see what might or might not happen.XDF TWE 十二種萬能理由：a.方便：是否可以給人們帶來方便b.情感：