考研英語長(zhǎng)難句匯總

1、精品文檔定語從句的譯法1 .譯成前置定語一般說來，限定性的定語從句可提前譯成定語。還有一些定語從句，雖然并不明顯地帶有限定性質(zhì)，但本身較短，和被修飾語關(guān)系緊密，也可譯為前置定語。如：例 1. To be sure, a great rebuilding project would give jobs to many of those people who need them.誠(chéng)然，一個(gè)宏偉的重建計(jì)劃也許能為許多需要工作的人提供就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。例 2. There is no royal road to science, and only those who don not dread the fat

2、iguing climb of thesteep paths have a chance of gaining its luminous summits. 在科學(xué)上沒有平坦大道，只有不畏勞苦，沿著陡峭的山路攀登的人，才有希望到達(dá)光輝的頂點(diǎn)。例 3. In recent years, however, people have begun to become aware that cities are also areas wherethere is a concentration of problems. 可是，近幾年來人們開始意識(shí)到城市也是問題成堆的地方。例 4. The moon is a

3、world that is completely still and where utter silence prevails.月亮是一個(gè)聲斷音絕的世界，是一個(gè)萬籟俱寂的世界。 例 5. Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thussubjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.而且，人類還有能力改變自己的生存環(huán)境，從而是所有其他形態(tài)的生命服從人類自己獨(dú)特的想法和想象。例

4、 6. But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, forwhat they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.但更為重要的是，這是科學(xué)家們所能觀察到的最遙遠(yuǎn)的過去的景象，因?yàn)樗麄兛吹降氖?50億年前宇宙云的形狀和結(jié)構(gòu)。 如以上例句所示，這種譯法最適于翻譯較短的限定性定語從句。有時(shí)較長(zhǎng)的限定性定語從句也可采用這種譯法，以使

5、修飾關(guān)系清晰，句子結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。如：例 7.This practice book is intended for foreign engineers or students to engineering who have alreadymastered the elements of English, and who now want to use their knowledge of the language to read books on their subjects. 這本練習(xí)是給那些已經(jīng)掌握了英語基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)而現(xiàn)在要利用學(xué)到的語言知識(shí)來閱讀專業(yè)書籍的外國(guó)工程師或?qū)W習(xí)工程學(xué)的學(xué)生用的。例 8.

6、 To write a genuine familiar or truly English style is to write as any one who would speak incommon conversation, who had a thorough command and choice of words, or who could discourse with ease, forceand perspicuity. 用真正的普通文體即純正的英語文體寫作就像那些諳熟詞匯而又善于選擇詞匯，能高談闊論且 言詞流暢，說話有力而明確的人的日 常交談一般。例 8 中的 who had a

7、thorough command and choice of words, or who could discourse with ease, force and perspicuity 本應(yīng)緊接先行詞 any one,但由于太長(zhǎng)而后移，而 who would speak in common conversation則修飾上述兩個(gè)定語從句及其先行詞。有些起附加說明作用的非限定性定語從句，對(duì)先行詞也有程度不同的修飾、限制意義，有時(shí)也可譯成前置定語。如：例 9. He liked his sister, who was warm and pleasant, but he did not like

8、his brother, who was aloof andarrogant. 他喜歡熱情活潑的妹妹，而不喜歡冷漠高傲的哥哥。2 .譯成后置的并列分句A. 一些結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜，或者意思上有較強(qiáng)的獨(dú)立性的限定性定語從句，通?？勺g為后置的并列分句。采取這種譯法往往要重復(fù)關(guān)系代詞所代替的詞，有時(shí)可在這些詞之前加指示詞“這”、 “這些”等，以使譯文明確。如：-1 -例 1. But world attention also is focusing on another step, which will make the smoker increasinglyself-conscious and uncom

9、fortable about his habit.同時(shí)，人們也正把注意力集中在另一項(xiàng)措施上，這項(xiàng)措施將使吸煙者越來越意識(shí)到自己的不良習(xí)慣并為之感到不安。例 2. In 1883 an American physician, A, King, listed twenty observations, which pointed to mosquitoes as a factor in malaria. 1883年，美國(guó)醫(yī)生 A.金列舉了二十個(gè)觀察報(bào)告，這些報(bào)告表明蚊子是引起瘧疾的一個(gè)因素。例 3. This volume is prepared as examples for writing co

10、mpositions which, as it were, has been taken as a difficult task.本書旨在為寫作提供范例，可以說寫作是一個(gè)難題。 例 4. I was endeavoring to put off one sort of life for another sort of life, which was not better than the life Ihad known.我一直在竭力擺脫一種生活，改換另一種生活，但是我所改換的生活并不見得比我原先的生活好。_例 5. Matter is composed of molecules that ar

11、e composed of atoms.物質(zhì)是由分子組成的，而分子又是由原子組成的。 在例4中，從句在語意上與主句相矛盾；在例 5中，從句在語意上與主句相承。在譯文中除重 復(fù)關(guān)聯(lián)代詞所代替的詞外，加上了連詞“但是”、“而”，是譯文語氣連貫。有些定語從句漢譯時(shí)可不必重復(fù)關(guān)系代詞所代替的詞，而將其譯成人稱代詞“他”、“他們”等，使句子簡(jiǎn)明扼要。如：例 1. Honeycutt was 40, an affable man who had to leave his family in Raleigh, North Carolina, whenhe ' dgone north to work.

12、亨尼卡行年40,和藹可親，他去北方工作時(shí)不得不把家室留在北卡羅來納州羅利市。例 2. Above the English lettering the words are repeated in the Chinese calligraphy of Premier Zhou,who wrote the brief text. 在這些英文字的上方，是周總理親筆書寫的同樣內(nèi)容的漢字，他擬定了這簡(jiǎn)短的銘文。B.非限定性定語從句與先行詞的關(guān)系不十分密切，只是對(duì)先行詞加以說明，描述或解釋，或?qū)φ麄€(gè)語句所陳述的事實(shí)或現(xiàn)象加以總結(jié)概括，補(bǔ)充說明，其前都用逗號(hào)分開。在漢譯時(shí)，一般譯為后置的并列分句。如：例 1.

13、 In English, attributive clauses are used extensively, some of which are very long and complicatedin structure.在英語中，定語從句的運(yùn)用極為廣泛，有的從句很長(zhǎng)而且結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜。例 2. These books, which are only a small part of my collection, were picked up in America.這些書是我在美國(guó)買的，它們?cè)谖业牟貢兄徽家恍〔糠?。?3. Bertrand Russell, whose philosophical

14、writings made a profound impact on philosophers all overtheworld, died in 1970. 伯特蘭德.羅素于1970年逝世，他的哲學(xué)著作對(duì)全世界哲學(xué)家都有深刻的影響。例 4. He gave in his resignation, which was the best thing he could do in the circumstance.他提出了辭職，這在當(dāng)時(shí)的情況下是最好的辦法。 例 5. He blamed me for everything, which I thought very unfair. 他把一切錯(cuò)誤都

15、歸罪于我，我認(rèn)為這很不公平。 例 6. John Fetzer, career consultant and chemist, first suggested this trait, which has already beenwritten about a great deal. 職業(yè)顧問和化學(xué)家約翰.費(fèi)策爾最早提出了這個(gè)特征。關(guān)于這個(gè)特征，人們已經(jīng)寫了大量的文章 例 7. The Queen will visit the town in May, when she will open the new hospital.女王將于5月訪問該城。屆時(shí)，她將主持那家新醫(yī)院的開業(yè)儀式。-2 -例 8

16、. After dinner, the four key negotiators resumed their talks, which continued well into the night.飯后，四個(gè)主要談判人物繼續(xù)進(jìn)行會(huì)談，一直談到深夜。3 .溶合法溶合法是指把主句與定語從句合起來譯，使之溶合成一個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子。如:例 1. You are the only person who could do it. 只有你才能做這件事。例 2. This was the first time I had serious trouble with my boss.這是我第一次和老板發(fā)生嚴(yán)重糾葛。 例

17、 3. Our team, who are in good form, will do well in the coming matches. 我隊(duì)競(jìng)技狀態(tài)良好，將在未來的比賽中取得好成績(jī)。 例 4. He has a son of twenty who is now at the high school.他有一個(gè)二十歲的兒子現(xiàn)在正上中學(xué)。例 5. On the platform I could see a black slave who was working the pump.我看見臺(tái)上有個(gè)黑奴在壓水泵。英語中含有定語從句“ there be巴結(jié)構(gòu)漢譯時(shí)常常使用溶合譯法。例 6. Ther

18、e was no one who did not praise them for their great accomplishments.沒有人不稱贊他們所取得的巨大成就。例 7. There is nothing that does not contain contradiction. 沒有什么事物是不包含矛盾的。例 8. There was little that the doctor could do for the patient.醫(yī)生對(duì)這個(gè)病人無能為力。例 9. There is a man downstairs who wants to see you.樓下有人要見你。例 10.

19、In our factory, there are many people who are much interested in the new invention.在我們工廠里，許多人對(duì)這項(xiàng)新發(fā)明很感興趣。4 .譯成狀語英語中有些定語從句在內(nèi)容上含有時(shí)間、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步等狀語意思，翻譯時(shí) 往往可以加上相應(yīng)的詞語，以表達(dá)出其相應(yīng)的狀語意義。A.表示原因例 1. We engage professor Wu, who understands English.我們聘請(qǐng)吳教授，因?yàn)樗⒄Z。例 2. Many of our Welsh people are going to settl

20、e in North Carolina, where land is cheap.我們威爾士人有許多去北卡羅來納定居，因?yàn)槟抢锿恋乇阋?。B.表示時(shí)間例 1. You, who are in the prime of your life, come forth with greater contributions for the benefit of thepeople!趁你年富力強(qiáng)的時(shí)候，為人民做出更多的貢獻(xiàn)吧！例 2. A sailor who was fixing a rope lost balance and tumbled overboard.一個(gè)水手正在系繩子的時(shí)候，失去了平衡，掉到

21、水里去了。C.表示目的例 1. He is collecting authentic material that proves his argument.他正在收集確鑿的材料以證明他的論點(diǎn)。例 2. Steel parts are usually covered with grease, with which they may not rust.鋼零件通常用潤(rùn)滑油覆蓋，免得生銹。D.表示結(jié)果例 1. He ate a fungus, which made him ill.-3 -他吃了一個(gè)蘑菇，結(jié)果病倒了。例 2. The rain washed away the track, which p

22、revented the train from running.大雨沖走了鐵軌，因而火車無法行駛。E.表示條件例 1. Nothing is hard in this world for one who dares to scale the height.世上無難事，只要肯登攀。例 2. A person is an idealist who thinks that rational knowledge need not to be derived from perceptual knowledge.如果認(rèn)為理性知識(shí)可以不從感性知識(shí)得來，他就是一個(gè)唯心主義者。F.表示讓步例 1. My gra

23、ndfather, who is now in his eighties, is still a keen cyclist.我爺爺雖然八十多歲了，可還是頂喜歡騎自行車。例 2. Electronic computer, which have many advantages, cannot carry out creative work and replace man.電子計(jì)算機(jī)雖然有許多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，卻不能進(jìn)行創(chuàng)造性的工作，代替不了人。練習(xí)四翻譯下列各句，注意定語從句的譯法1. The question, which worries everyone today, is: how long will

24、these fuels last?2. Those who do not remember the past are condemned to relive it.3. Shakespeare was a great English dramatist and poet who se name was known all over the world.4. Small wonder then that more scientists are visiting the region to acquire new knowledge which will helpus to have a bett

25、er understanding of the earth as a whole.5. Teheran Conference was the first opportunity which I had of observing him at close hand.6. There is something that keeps worrying me.7. The door of which you lost the key cannot be opened.8. Electrical energy that is supplied to the motor may be converted

26、into mechanical energy of motion.9. He decided not to complete his university course, which was a great disappointment to his parents.10. He wishes to write an article that will attract public attention to the matter.11. One will surely succeed who perseveres to the end.12. The periodical physical e

27、xamination must be given to a patient who has recuperated from hepatitis.名詞從句的譯法英語的名詞從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。在翻譯時(shí)，語序一般不變,但有時(shí)也需采取一些其他處理方法。1.主語從句A.以從屬連詞或連詞代詞位于句首的主語從句翻譯時(shí)語序一般不變。如：例 1. That a man could live for so many years alone in the mountains is really something unthinkable.一個(gè)人能夠單獨(dú)在山里生活這么多年真是不可思議

28、例 2. That substances expand when heated and contract when cooled is a common physical phenomenon.物質(zhì)熱脹冷縮是一個(gè)普通的物理現(xiàn)象。例 3. What the students find most difficult in a foreign language is its idiomatic usage.學(xué)生感到，一種外國(guó)語最困難的地方是它的習(xí)慣用法。例 4. What struck me most in this book was the author's true-to-life de

29、scription of the people's life in thatcountry.這本書給我印象最深的，是作者對(duì)那個(gè)國(guó)家的人民生活所做的真實(shí)描寫。B.以形式主語it引出的主語從句，翻譯時(shí)有下述三種處理辦法-4 -(1)如主語從句較短，可提前與主句合譯為“是”字結(jié)構(gòu)。如：例 1. It is dangerous that you have a smattering of superficial knowledge on a subject.對(duì)任何問題一知半解都是危險(xiǎn)的。一例 2. It is good news that our team has won the champio

30、nship.我們隊(duì)得了冠軍是好消息。一(2)如主語從句較長(zhǎng)，不宜與主句合譯為漢語的“是”字結(jié)構(gòu)，一般可譯為并列分句或獨(dú)立的 句子，即現(xiàn)譯從句，而在主句之前加“這”字譯出。如：例 1. It is a matter of common experience that bodies are lighter in water than they are in air.物體在水中比在空氣中輕，這是一種大家共有的經(jīng)驗(yàn)例 2. It is common sense that a liquid has no definite shape, but it has a definite volume.液體沒有一

31、定的形狀，但有一定的體積，這是普通常識(shí)。一例 3. It was really a mystery to the neighbors that Mary, the ugly woman, could succeed in orderingabout her husband, the strong-armed blacksmith, well known far and wide, and having him where she wanted him.瑪麗這個(gè)丑女人把丈夫一一遠(yuǎn)近聞名，胳膊粗力氣大的鐵匠一一支使得滴溜溜轉(zhuǎn)，讓他往東他不敢往西，這對(duì)他們的鄰居來說，簡(jiǎn)直是個(gè)謎。_例 4. It t

32、herefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice.因此，如果要學(xué)生好好利用他們上大學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì)，就應(yīng)該為他們提供大量關(guān)于課程方面更為詳盡的信息和更多的指點(diǎn)。這個(gè)問題顯得越來越重要了。 從例3、例4可看到英漢兩種語言思維和表達(dá)方式的不同。英語重直線思維， 漢語重曲線思維。英語直截了當(dāng)，習(xí)慣把要點(diǎn)

33、放在句首先說出，然后再把其他信息一一補(bǔ)進(jìn)；而漢語習(xí)慣于從側(cè)面 說明，先闡述外圍的環(huán)境，最后點(diǎn)出信息中心。從形式上看，英語是前重心，頭短尾長(zhǎng)；漢語則是后重心，頭大尾小。(3)以it作形式主語的謂語是被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子，一般宜轉(zhuǎn)譯為主動(dòng)語態(tài)，可譯為“據(jù)”或補(bǔ)上泛指主語“有人”、“大家”、“人們”等，主語從句保留原文的語序。如：例 1. It is reported that the meeting will be held in June. 據(jù)報(bào)道，這個(gè)會(huì)將在六月間舉行。 例 2. It could be argued that the radio performs this service just

34、 as well; but on television everything is much more living, much more real.可能有人會(huì)提出，無線電廣播也同樣能夠做到這一點(diǎn)；但是在電視屏幕上，每個(gè)節(jié)目都顯得更 加生動(dòng)，更加真實(shí)。2 .賓語從句A.以從屬連詞或連接代詞引起的賓語從句漢譯時(shí)，語序一般不變。如：例 1. Some people, however, maintain that this is precisely where the danger lies.可是，有些人則堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，這恰恰是危險(xiǎn)所在。 例 2. This shows that something u

35、nexpected may have turned up.這表明可能出現(xiàn)了意外情況。 例 3. Realizing that it was just a difference in custom, the foreigner smiled and said nothing. 那個(gè)外國(guó)人明白了這只是風(fēng)俗的不同后，笑了笑，沒說什么。例 4. Marie always thought how she could do more for mankind.瑪麗總是想著怎樣為人類做更多的工作。例 5. He has fully lived up to what he promised.他完全實(shí)現(xiàn)了他的諾言

36、。B.英語中的賓語從句有時(shí)置于句首，其修辭作用在于強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語。為了使譯文達(dá)到相同的修辭效 果，-5 -翻譯時(shí)也宜將賓語從句前置。例 1. Whether they like it or not, I don't care. 他們喜歡不喜歡，我可不管。 例 2. What they were asked to do in 10 days, they finished in two.讓他們十天做的事，他們兩天就做完了。 例 3. What he has once heard he never forgets.他聽過的話，再也不會(huì)忘記。上述譯文同樣將賓語從句前置，收到了強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語的效果。但有時(shí)也

37、可依漢語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣將賓語 從句后置。例 4. What the country thinks and worries about we should think and worry about.我們應(yīng)想國(guó)家之所想，急國(guó)家之所急。 C.用it作形式賓語的句子，漢譯時(shí)that引起的賓語從句一般可按原文語序，it不必譯出。例 1. We think it certain that American English does have a considerable influence upon British English.我們認(rèn)為美語必然對(duì)英語產(chǎn)生相當(dāng)大的影響。 例 2. I make it cl

38、ear that I was determined to carry out the plan.我已表明決心去執(zhí)行這個(gè)計(jì)劃。 例 3. I leave it to your own judgment whether you should do it. 我讓你自己判斷你該不該做這事。 漢譯英時(shí)也可將that引起的賓語從句提前。如：例 1. I regarded it as an honor that I am chosen to attend the meeting.我被遴選參加會(huì)議，感到光榮。 例 2. We think it true that the election in Britain

39、 is mainly a contest between the two big parties, Labor andConservative.英國(guó)的選舉主要是工黨與保守黨兩大政黨之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，我們認(rèn)為確實(shí)如此。3 .表語從句表語從句漢譯時(shí)語序一般不變。如：例 1. That's what we should do. 這正是我們的本分。例 2. Time factor is what we have to take into consideration.時(shí)間因素是我們應(yīng)考慮的。例 3. The question which worries everyone today is: how l

40、ong will these fuels last?今天人人都擔(dān)心的問題是：這些燃料能維持多久？例 4. The result of invention of steam engine was that human power was replaced by mechanicalpower.發(fā)明蒸汽機(jī)的結(jié)果是機(jī)械力代替了人力。4 .同位語從句英語中的同位語從句與其所修飾的名詞處于同等的地位，只作進(jìn)一步解釋的作用，漢譯時(shí)一般 用下述方法處理。A.同位語從句不提前，如：例 1. We expressed the hope that they would come over to visit Chi

41、na again.我們表示希望他們?cè)俚街袊?guó)來訪問。例 2. There can be no doubt that he is qualified for the job. 毫無疑問他做這工作很合適。例 3. Can you produce any evidence that he was not at home that night?你能不能提出證明，斷定他那天夜里不在家。-6 -例 4. Now we have little idea what a hard life they were then leading.我們現(xiàn)在很難想象那時(shí)他們過的是多么艱苦的生活。B.同位語從句提前，如：例 1.

42、 Do away with the mistaken metaphysical notions that“gold must be pure " and "man must beperfect要打破“金要足赤”，“人要完人”的形而上學(xué)的錯(cuò)誤思想 例 2. Obviously there was little probability that they would succeed, but they don't mind.很顯然，他們成功的可能性很小，但是他們不在乎。 例 3. The question whether the aircraft should have

43、 two engines or three was finally decided in September,1959.飛機(jī)應(yīng)裝兩臺(tái)或三臺(tái)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的問題是1959年9月才最后確定的。例 4. This is a universally accepted principle of international law that the territorial sovereignty doesn't admit infringement.國(guó)家領(lǐng)土主權(quán)不容侵犯，這是舉世公認(rèn)的國(guó)際法準(zhǔn)則。C.把同位語從句譯成獨(dú)立的句子，并在其前加“即”，或在從句所修飾的名詞之后加冒號(hào)。例 1. We are fa

44、miliar with the idea that all matter consists of atoms.我們都熟悉這樣一個(gè)概念，即一切物質(zhì)都是由原子組成的。 例 2. Through many years' practice of teaching foreign language, I have derived a new experience that translation is the best possible approach to studying English.通過多年的外語教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我獲得了一條新經(jīng)驗(yàn)：翻譯是學(xué)習(xí)英語的最好辦法。例 3. Then arose

45、the question where we were to get the machines needed.隨之產(chǎn)生了這樣一個(gè)問題：我們到哪去找所需要的機(jī)器。練習(xí)五翻譯下列各句1. That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle we should always keep in mind.2. It was a mistake that they didn't support us.3. The story is about how the old lady expected to receive a birt

46、hday present from her daughter.4. One often hears it said that travel broadens the mind.5. My idea is that we should stick to our original plan.6. The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.7. The question whether an electric current can be produced by magnetism has long been sol

47、ved.8. At the end of last century, an important discovery was made that everything was built partly of electrons.狀語從句的翻譯英語狀語從句包括表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、讓步、原因等各種從句，漢譯時(shí)要注意英漢兩種語 言使用狀語方面的共同性及其各自的特殊性。翻譯下列各句1. As I was looking for my bag, the inn-keeper came in.我正在找皮包時(shí)，店主走了進(jìn)來。2. The monkey was feeling a bit scared whe

48、n suddenly the crocodile dived under the water.猴子正感到有點(diǎn)害怕，鱷魚突然向水下潛去。3. While I admit that the problems are difficult, I don't agree that they cannot be solved.雖然我承認(rèn)這些問題困難，但我并不認(rèn)為它們無法解決。4. As long as we don't lose heart, we'll find a way to overcome the difficulty.只要我們不灰心，就能找到克服困難的辦法。5. If

49、we have carried on thorough investigation, we can draw a correct conclusion.-7 -只有當(dāng)我們做了徹底的調(diào)查研究之后，才能得出正確的結(jié)論。6. However hard the task, we must fulfill it in time.不管任務(wù)多么艱巨，我們必須及時(shí)完成。7. Where there is nothing in the path of the beam of light, nothing is seen.如果光束通道上沒有任何東西，就什么也看不見。8. Since we live near th

50、e sea, we can often go swimming.我們住在靠海的地方，所以我們可以常去游泳。9. As he had lots of time, he decided to go to the embankment first.時(shí)間還早，他決定先到河岸大道去一下。1 .時(shí)間狀語從句A.譯成相應(yīng)的時(shí)間狀語，如：例 1. When the wall fell down, all the people ran away in a panic. 墻倒塌的時(shí)候，所有的人都爭(zhēng)先恐后地跑開了。 例 2. Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and ar

51、e fast asleep, electricity is working for us, drivingour refrigerators, heating our water, or keep our rooms air-conditioned.即使在我們關(guān)掉了床頭燈深深地進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)時(shí)，電也在為我們工作，它為我們開動(dòng)冰箱，燒水或 使我們房間的空調(diào)機(jī)保持運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。B.譯成并列分句例 1. The set him free when his ransom had not yet been paid.他的贖金尚未交來，他們就把他放了。 例 2. Mr. Smith was arrested when

52、he himself was not aware what crime he had committed.史密斯先生自己還不知道犯了什么罪，人家就把他逮捕了C.英語中存在著內(nèi)容和形式不一致的情況。有些時(shí)間狀語從句有時(shí)可以按其邏輯關(guān)系譯成表示 原因、條件、讓步等的分句。例 1. When you have finished your homework, you can go and play ball-games.做完了家庭作業(yè)，你就可以出去打球了。（條件）例 2. He usually walks when he might ride. 雖然有車可坐，但他通?？偸遣叫小＃ㄗ尣剑├?3. The

53、 defense lawyer decided to petition for a new trial when they found an important new witness.由于發(fā)現(xiàn)了 一名新的重要證人，辯護(hù)律師決定申請(qǐng)重新開庭審訊。（原因）2 .條件狀語從句的譯法A.譯成表示“條件”或“假設(shè)”的分句例 1. Everybody here has a chance to study unless he doesn't want to. 這里任何人都有學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)，除非他不愿學(xué)。 例 2. Once you understand the rule, you will have

54、no further difficulty.你一旦懂了這條規(guī)則，你就不會(huì)再有困難了。 例 3. If you want something done in a hurry, don't go to the man who has clearly not much to do.要是你有急事要辦，不要去找那種顯然沒有多少事可做的人。（假設(shè)）B.譯成補(bǔ)充說明情況的分句例 1. If he is too old to work much, the retired worker is very enthusiastic about neighborhood affairs.雖然這位退休老工人年邁

55、不能多操勞，但他對(duì)街道工作非常熱心。（讓步） 例 2. If he was so able as to solve such a difficult math problem known to the world, it is because hewas extremely diligent and absolutely absorbed in mathematics.他之所以解決了這樣一個(gè)世界上有名的數(shù)學(xué)難題，是因?yàn)樗浅Ｇ趭^。（結(jié)果）-8 -例 3. If you can come, I'll be only too glad. 你要能來，我就太高興了。（原因） 3 .讓步狀語從句

56、的譯法A.譯成表示“讓步”的分句例 1. Though he was defeated in the election, he became famous for his fiery speeches against slavery.雖然他競(jìng)選失敗了，卻以其反對(duì)蓄奴制度的激烈演說而出了名。例 2. Nothing could have saved him even if he had been tended without delay.縱然當(dāng)時(shí)他得到了及時(shí)的救護(hù)，他的生命也無法挽救。 B.譯成表示“無條件”的條件分句，如：例 1. No matter how long it may take

57、us to overcome this premeditated invasion, the American people,in their righteous might, will win through to absolute victory.不管需要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能挫敗這種預(yù)謀的侵略，美國(guó)人民將以其正義的力量贏得徹底的勝利。例 2. But it is the way I am, and try as I might, I have not been able to change it. 但這就是我的作風(fēng)，不管怎樣努力，也改變不了。 例 3. Whatever the consequence may be, I shall speak the truth.不論后果如何，我都要說實(shí)話 4 .地點(diǎn)狀語從句譯法A.譯成相應(yīng)的地點(diǎn)狀語例 1. Where water resources are plentiful,