人教版新目標(biāo)英語高二下模塊七UNIT2【被動語態(tài)】精講精練高中高一高二高三英語學(xué)案英語導(dǎo)學(xué)案UNIT1234

1、人教版新目標(biāo)英語高二下模塊七Unit 2：【被動語態(tài)】精講精練被動語態(tài)（一）常見用法1 在一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時的句子中，被動語態(tài)為be (am,is,are,was,were)+done The boy was asked to do his home work first. 2 動詞不定式的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成為to be done Whether this medicine will work remains to be seen. 3 含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成為“ 情態(tài)動詞 + be+ done” The project must be finished as soon as possibl

2、e. 4 過去分詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語，與賓語形成被動關(guān)系，主要表現(xiàn)在役使結(jié)構(gòu)中。I had a tooth pulled out yesterday. 5.v-ing 形式的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成為being done ,可在句中作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語和狀語， 但不能單獨(dú)作謂語，其完成式形式為having been done ,多在句中作狀語。 Tom is looking forward to being taken to the Great Wall. The foreign friends you referred to are looking forward to being show

3、n around our country. 6 短語動詞的被動語態(tài):短語動詞是一個整體，不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。例如：My sister will be taken care of by Grandma. Such a thing has never been heard of before. 這樣的事聞所未聞。7 表示 據(jù)說 或相信 的詞組 believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand 等It is said that據(jù)說 It is reported that

4、 據(jù)報道 It is believed that大家相信It is hoped that大家希望It is well known that 眾所周知It is thought that大家認(rèn)為It is suggested that據(jù)建議It is taken granted that 被視為當(dāng)然It has been decided that 大家決定It must be remember that 務(wù)必記?。ǘ┎挥糜诒粍诱Z態(tài)的幾種常見情況：(1)所有的不及物動詞和不及物動詞短語都不能用于被動語態(tài)中。1)不及物動詞或不及物動詞短語，如 appear, die disappear, end

5、（vi. 結(jié)束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place,belong to 等沒有無被動語態(tài)。例如：After the fire, very little remained of my house. 大火過后，我家燒得所剩無幾。比較： rise, fall, happen 是不及物動詞；raise, seat是及物動詞。要想正確地使用被動語態(tài)， 注意哪些動詞是及物的，哪些是不及物的。

6、 特別是一詞多義的動詞往往有兩種用法。解決這一問題唯有在學(xué)習(xí)過程中多留意積累。2）不能用于被動語態(tài)的及物動詞或動詞短語，如 fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to等。This key just fits the lock. Your story agrees with what had alre

7、ady been heard. 你說的與我們聽說的一致。3） 系動詞無被動語態(tài)appear, be, become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn,go It sounds good. 聽上去不錯。The fish smells good. 4） 帶同源賓語的及物動詞如die/death, dream/dream， live/life 等，以及反身代詞，相互代詞，不能用于被動語態(tài)。She dreamed a bad dream last night. 她昨晚做了個

8、惡夢。5） 當(dāng)賓語是不定式時，很少用于被動語態(tài)。例如： （對） She likes to swim. （錯） To swim is liked by her. 6)表示狀態(tài)或歸屬的動詞，如last, contain, have, own, belong to , 等不用于被動語態(tài)。7)動詞cut, read, sell, wash, break, write, wear, spread 等后跟狀語作修飾語，且說明主語本身所有的性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)。This kind of cloth washes easily. These novels sell well. 8)want, require, need

9、 后的動名詞用主動表被動。The window needs repairing. Your hair wants cutting.你的頭發(fā)該理了。The floor requires washing. 地板需要沖洗。9)be worth doing 結(jié)構(gòu)中用主動表示被動。The book is well worth reading. 10)be+ adj+ to do 結(jié)構(gòu)中，若不定式的邏輯賓語是句子的主語，用主動代替被動。This kind of water isn t fit to drink. English is easy to learn. （三）主動形式表示被動意義1） wash,

10、 clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等。The book sells well.這本書銷路好。This knife cuts easily.這刀子很好用。2） blame, let（出租） , remain, keep, rent, build 等。例如：I was to blame for the accident. 事故發(fā)生了， 我該受指責(zé)。Much work remains. 還有許多活要干。3） 在 need, require, want, worth （形容詞） , deser

11、ve后的動名詞必須用主動形式。These young seedlings will require/need looking after (=need to be looked after) carefully.這些幼苗將需要小心The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired. 門該修了。 This book is worth reading. 4）特殊結(jié)構(gòu)：make sb. heard / understood （使別人能聽見/理解自己）等。Explain it clearly and make yourself unders

12、tood. 解釋清楚些，讓別人理解你的話。5）系動詞沒有被動形式,但有些系動詞常表示被動意義。常見的有taste(吃起來 ), sound (聽起來 ), prove(證明是 ), feel(摸上去感到 )等, Your reason sounds reasonable. Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. 良藥苦口。6）一些與cant(不能 )或 wont(不會 )連用的動詞。常用的有: lock(鎖住 ), shut(關(guān)上 ) , open(打開), act(上演 )等, The door wont open. 這門打不開。 It cant

13、move. 它不能動。7）一些與well( 很), easily(容易地 ), perfectly( 十分地 )等連用的動詞 ,如: sell(銷售 ) , wash(洗), clean(打掃 ), burn(燃燒 ), cook(煮)等 The book sells well. 這種書很暢銷。These clothes wash well. 這些衣服很耐洗8）用在 “ 主語 +不及物動詞 +主語補(bǔ)語 ” 句型中的一些不及物動詞This material has worn thin. 這料子已磨薄了The dust has blown into the house.灰塵被風(fēng)吹進(jìn)了房子。9）不定

14、不定式： 作定語 :不定式結(jié)構(gòu)常表示動賓關(guān)系,即用不定式的主動形式表示被動意義。這種情形最常出現(xiàn)在“There+be+ 主語 +修飾主語的不定式” 和“ 及物動詞 +賓語 (或雙賓語 )+修飾賓語的不定式” 結(jié)構(gòu)中 ,特別是 “ 主語 +have+ 賓語 +修飾賓語的不定式” 結(jié)構(gòu)中He has a family to support. Give him some books to read. There is a lot of work to do. 當(dāng)然 ,這里的不定式在個別情形下也可用被動形式,含義區(qū)別不大, There is so much work to do/to be done.

15、 Give me the names of the people to contact/to be contacted. “ 主語 +be+形容詞 +不定式 ” 句型中 ,有時主語是不定式結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯賓語,這是應(yīng)用主動形式表示被動含義。適合于此結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞比較多,最常用的有amusing(有趣的 ), cheap, dangerous, difficult, easy, important, nice( 令人愉快的 ), pleasant(愉快的 )等 That question is difficult to answer. Chicken s legs are nice to eat.10)

16、 特殊結(jié)構(gòu) “ be + under + 名詞 ” 結(jié)構(gòu) :這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示某事“ 在進(jìn)行中 ” The building is u nder construction. The whole matter is under discussion (=is being discussed). 這樣用的名詞還有repair, treatment, question(質(zhì)問 ) “be worthy of +名詞 ” 在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中 ,名詞和句子的主語有被動含義a man worthy of support一個值得支持的人nothing worthy of praise 沒有值得稱道的事情,此結(jié)構(gòu)后通常用表

17、示行為的名詞,而不用動名詞的被動形式（四）被動形式表示主動意義，如be determined, be pleased, be graduated （from ）, be prepared （for ）, be occupied （ in）, get married 等。例如： He is graduated from a famous university. 他畢業(yè)于一所有名的大學(xué)。注意： 表示同某人結(jié)婚，用 marry sb. 或 get married to sb.均可。 He married a rich girl. He got married to a rich girl. 1.It

18、 is said that plastics can be used to_many things .Now people are used to _plastic products. A make, using B making, using C making, use D make, use 2 The pupils here _all kinds of exercises every day in the past four weeks. A kept busying doing B keep on doing C have kept busy doing D have been kep

19、t busy doing 3 In some parts of the world ,tea _with milk and sugar. A is serving B is served C serves D served 4 The construction of the two new railway lines _by now. A has completed B have completed C have been completed D has been completed 5 The water _cool when I jumped into the pool for morni

20、ng exercise . A was felt B is felt C felt D feels 6 The moment the 28th Olympic Games _open, the whole world cheered. A declared B have been declared C have declared D were declared 7 The children went home from the grammar school , their lessons _for the day. A finishing B finished C had finished D

21、 were finished 8 The flowers were so lovely that they _in no time . A sold B had been sold C were sold D would sell 9 As the years passed, many occasions -birthdays ,awards, graduations -_with Dad s flowers. A are marked B were marked C have marked D had marked 10 The glass door have taken the place

22、 of the wooden ones at the entrance, _in the natural light during the day. A to let B letting C let D having let 11 Peter received a letter just now _his grandma would come to see him soon. A said B says C saying D to say 12 The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft ,the most recent

23、_at the end of last March. A has been launched B having been launched C being launched D to be launched 參考答案1-12 ADBDC DBCB BCB * 語法強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練 被動語態(tài)1 It is said that a new robot _by him in a few days. A) designed B) has been designed C) will be designed D) will have been designed 2 We are late. I expect th

24、e film _by the time we get to the cinema. A) will already have started B) would already have started C) shall have already started D) has already been started 3) She will stop showing off if no notice_ of her. A is taken B takes C will be taken D has taken 4) Diamond _in Brazil in 1971. A is found B

25、 has been found C was found D had been found 5) “ Have you moved into the new flat?” “ Not yet. The room_.” A) has been painted B) is painted C) paints D) is being painted 6) My pictures _until next Friday. A) wont develop B) arent developed C) dont develop D) won t be developed 7) Tim _since he los

26、t his job three weeks ago. A) had been unemployed B) was unemployed C) has been unemployed D) has unemployed 8) A great number of colleges and universities _since 1949. A) has been establish B) have been established C) have established D) had been established 9) Ill have to push the car to the side

27、of the road because we _if we leave it here. A) would be fined B) will be fined C) will being fined D) will have been fined 10) “ _two tickets for the new play at the Grand Theatre on Saturday. Shall we go and see it together?” A They have been given B I have been given C I am given D They have give

28、n to me 11) The subject of these lectures _by the lecture committee. A) is announced B) have been announced C) are announced D) has been announced 12) I found an aspirin bottle _dropped on the floor of Davids room. A was B had C had been Dis 13)The goods _when we arrived at the airport. A were just

29、unloading B were just been unloading Chad just unloaded D were just being unloaded 14) If one _by pride, he will reject useful advice and friendly assistance. A) overcomes B) is overcome C) has been overcome D) overcome 15) Most environment problems exist because adequate measures for preventing the

30、m _taken in the past. A) was not B) were not C) were not being D) had not been 16) You ought to have put the milk in the refrigerator, now _sour. A) I smell B) it is smelt C) it smells D) it is smelling 17) After the race_, the celebration began. A) had been won B) is won C) will be won D)has been w

31、on 18) He was here for a little while, but I dont know where she _now. A) is B) was C) had been D) has been 18) The young teacher has _ competent. A) been proved to be B) proved to be C) been proved D) proved being 19) Pluto, the outermost planet of the solar system, _photographically in March 1930.

32、 A) discovered B) was discovered C) by discovery D) when discovered 20) To get a better view of the stage, _. A our seats had to be changed B our seats were changed C we had to change our seats D our seats were changed by us 22) After synthetic_, engineers had a better choice of material. A) created

33、 B) has created C) has been created D) had been created 23) I think much attention _your pronunciation. A) must be paid to B) ought to be paid to C) must pay to D) should be paid to 24Since 1970, millions of enthusiasts_Vitamin C, which they believe can remedy the common cold. A) have taken B) have

34、been taken C) have been taking D) have been taking 25) I dont remember _the chance to try this method. A) having been given B) to have been given C) having given D) to have given 26) We could ask someone to do the work privately without it_. A) know B) be known C) being known D) to be known 27) The

35、construction of the laboratory _by the end of next month. A) must be completed B) must have been completed C) will be completing D) will have been completing 28) They would tell how the African _on a ship to an American port. A) was brought B) could have been brought C) had been brought D) was to be

36、 brought 29) He does not possess a bicycle, this one he uses _to Peter. A) is belonged to B) belonged C) belongs D) is belonging 30) Negotiation _again with Moscow tomorrow, a great event will be discussed then. A) is to be opened B) is on the point of opening C) is going to open D) opens 31) The re

37、ason for all the changes being made _to us yet. A) has not explained B) has not been explained C) did not explained D) were not explained 32) Experiments in the photography of moving objects _in both the United States and Europe well before 1900. A were conducting B were conducted C had been conducted D had conducted 33) When he turne